胶州湾河口湿地土壤有机碳及氮含量空间分布特征研究

doi:10.11686/cyxb20140607

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了了解胶州湾河口湿地土壤碳氮的空间分布特征,2011年11月对该区域土壤有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)、硝态氮(NO₃^--N)、铵态氮(NH₄⁺-N)、总磷(TP)以及pH、盐度、含水量进行了测定与分析。结果表明,1)胶州湾河口湿地TOC、TN、NO₃^--N、NH₄⁺-N以及TP含量分布总体随深度增加而下降,除TOC(P=0.022)外,TN、NO₃^--N、NH₄⁺-N、TP含量的剖面差异极显著(P<0.01)。碱蓬湿地和芦苇湿地中,NH₄⁺-N的垂直变异系数均大于NO₃^--N;2)胶州湾河口湿地土壤中氮的主要存在形式为有机氮。芦苇湿地表层土壤中TOC含量高于碱蓬湿地,而碱蓬湿地TN、TP含量高于芦苇湿地;3)胶州湾河口湿地土壤中TN、TP与TOC极显著相关(P<0.01),淹水对NO₃^--N、NH₄⁺-N的产生和迁移均产生一定程度的影响;4)与其他滨海湿地生态系统对比,胶州湾湿地土壤中营养元素含量较为丰富,TOC、TN、NO₃^--N以及NH₄⁺-N均处于较高水平。陆源是胶州湾河口湿地有机质的主要来源,且湿地中有机碳腐殖化程度较高。

Abstract:

In order to elucidate the spatial distribution characteristics of soil carbon and nitrogen in Jiaozhou Bay estuarine wetlands, soil TOC, TN, NO₃^--N, NH₄⁺-N, TP, pH, salinity and water content were measured and analyzed in November, 2011. 1) Soil TOC, TN, NO₃^--N, NH₄⁺-N and TP decreased significantly with the increasing soil depth. The coefficient of variation for NH₄⁺-N was higher than that of NNO₃^--N in reed and Suaeda wetlands. 2) The main form of nitrogen was organic. The TOC content in the surface soil of reed wetland was higher than that of Suaeda wetland, while TN and TP contents of Suaeda wetland were higher than those of reed wetland. 3) There was a significant correlation between TN and TP and TOC. Flooding influenced the generation and migration of NNO₃^--N and NH₄⁺-N. 4) Compared with other coastal wetland ecological systems, Jiaozhou Bay estuarine soils were high in TOC, TN, NNO₃^--N and NH₄⁺-N. Surrounding land is the main source of organic matter for these wetlands which are in an advanced stage of humification.

中图分类号:

S153.6⁺2

谢文霞,朱鲲杰,崔育倩,杜慧娜,陈剑磊. 胶州湾河口湿地土壤有机碳及氮含量空间分布特征研究[J]. 草业学报, 2014, 23(6): 54-60.

XIE Wen-xia,ZHU Kun-jie,CUI Yu-qian,DU Hui-na,CHEN Jian-lei. Spatial distribution of soil carbon and nitrogen in Jiaozhou Bay estuarine wetlands[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(6): 54-60.

参考文献

Reference：
[1]Mao Z G, Wang G X, Liu J E, et al. Influence of salt marsh vegetation on spatial distribution of soil carbon and nitrogen in Yancheng coastal wetland[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2009, 20(2): 293-297.
[2]Bao S D. Agrochemical soil analysis[M]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000.
[3]Forja J M, Ortega T, Ponce R, et al. Tidal transport of inorganic carbon and nutrients in a coastal salt marsh (Bay of Cadiz SW Spain)[J]. Ciencias Marinas,2003, 29(4): 469-481.
[4]Wang Y X, Wang F, Weng B Y, et al. Effect of sod cultivation on mineralization of soil organic carbon in nectarine orchards[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2013, 22(6): 86-92.
[5]Liu Z K, Niu K K, Ma Q L, et al. Study on Rate of Roots Radial Oxygen Loss of Eight Wetland Plants[J].Guizhou Agricultural Sciences,2010, 38(4): 47-50.
[6]Deng J C, Chen X M, Jiang X, et al. Nitrate vertical tTransport and simulating model in saturated soils in typical region[J].Environmental Science, 2005, 26(2): 200-205.
[7]Richter R, Roelcke M. The N cycle as determined by intensive agriculture-example from central Europe and China[J]. Nutrient Cycling Agroecosystems, 2000, 57: 33-46.
[8]Liang F, Tian C Y, Tian M M, et al. Effect of nitrogen topdressing on the growth of Suaeda salsa and the improvement of saline soil[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2013, 22(3): 234-240.
[9]Han J G, Cao X.Effects of drying-rewetting alternation on nitrogen dynamics in a typical coastal wetland: a simulation study[J]. Environmental Science,2013, 34(6): 2383-2389.
[10]Wang J, Zhao M L, Willmsw W. Productivity responses of different functional groups to litter removal in typical grassland of Inner Mongolia[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2013, 22(6): 31-38.
[11]Sollie S,Verhoeven J T A. Nutrient cycling and retention along a littoral grad in a Dutch shallow lake in relation to water level regine[J]. Journal of Environment Quality,2008, 35(6): 2374-2382.
[12]Milliman J D, Xie Q C, Yang Z S. Transfer of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen from the Yangtze River to the ocean[J]. American Journal of Science,1984, 284: 824-834.
[13]Yu J B, Sun W D, Liu J S, et al. Enhanced net formation of nitrous oxide and methane underneath the frozen soil in Sanjiang wetland,northeastern China[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres,2007, 112(D7): doi:10.1029/2006JD00 8025.
[14]Shi F C, Li R L, Wang S Q, et al.Profile distribution and accumulation characteristics of organic carbon and total nitrogen in typical marshes in Sanjiang Plain[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2007, 18(7): 1425-1431.
[15]Tian K, Chang F L, Lu M, et al. Impact of human distuebances on organic carbon and nitrogen in Napahai wetlands, Northvest Yunnan[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2004, 41(5): 681-686.
[16]Bai J H, Ou Y H, Deng W, et al.Spatial distribution pattern of nitrogen in marsh soils in Xianghai wetlands[J].Geographical Research,2004, 23(5): 614-622.
[17]Yu J B, Chen X B, Sun Z G, et al.The spatial distribution characteristics of soil nutrients in new-born coastal wetland in the Yellow River delta[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2010, 30(4): 855-861.
[18]Sigual G C, Kang W J, Coleman S W. Soil profile distribution of phosphorus and other nutrients following wetland conversion to beef cattle pasture[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality,2006, 35(6): 2374-2382.
[19]Prusty B A K, Chandra R, Azeez P A. Distribution of carbon nitrogen phosphorus and sulfur in the soil in a multiple habitat system in India[J]. Australian Journal of Soil Researcher,2009, 47(2): 177-189.
参考文献：
[1]毛志刚, 王国祥, 刘金娥, 等. 盐城海滨湿地盐沼植被对土壤碳氮分布特征的影响[J]. 应用生态学报,2009, 20(2): 293-297.
[2]鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社,2000.
[3]Forja J M, Ortega T, Ponce R,et al. Tidal transport of inorganic carbon and nutrients in a coastal salt marsh (Bay of Cadiz SW Spain)[J]. Ciencias Marinas,2003, 29(4): 469-481.
[4]王义祥, 王峰, 翁伯琦, 等. 生草栽培对油桃园土壤有机碳矿化的影响[J]. 草业学报,2013, 22(6): 86-92.
[5]刘志宽, 牛快快, 马青兰, 等. 8种湿地植物根部泌氧速率的研究[J].贵州农业科学,2010, 38(4): 47-50.
[6]邓建才, 陈效民, 蒋新, 等. 典型地区饱和土壤中硝态氮垂直运移及拟合[J]. 环境科学,2005, 26(2): 200-205.
[7]Richter R, Roelcke M. The N-cycle as determined by intensive agriculture-example from central Europe and China[J]. Nutrient Cycling Agroecosystems,2000, 57: 33-46.
[8]梁飞, 田长彦, 田明明, 等. 追施氮肥对盐地碱蓬生长及其改良盐渍土效果研究[J]. 草业学报,2013, 22(3): 234-240.
[9]韩建刚, 曹雪. 典型滨海湿地干湿交替过程氮素动态的模拟研究[J]. 环境科学,2013, 34(6): 2383-2389.
[10]王静, 赵萌莉, Willmsw W, 等. 内蒙古典型草原不同功能群生产力对凋落物去除的响应[J]. 草业学报,2013, 22(6): 31-38.
[11]Sollie S,Verhoeven J T A. Nutrient cycling and retention along a littoral grad in a Dutch shallow lake in relation to water level regine[J]. Journal of Environment Quality,2008, 35(6): 2374-2382.
[12]Milliman J D, Xie Q C, Yang Z S. Transfer of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen from the Yangtze River to the ocean[J]. American Journal of Science,1984, 284: 824-834.
[13]Yu J B, Sun W D, Liu J S, et al. Enhanced net formation of nitrous oxide and methane underneath the frozen soil in Sanjiang wetland,northeastern China[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres,2007, 112(D7): doi:10.1029/2006JD00 8025.
[14]石福臣, 李瑞利, 王绍强, 等. 三江平原典型湿地土壤剖面有机碳及全氮分布与积累分布[J]. 应用生态学报,2007, 18(7): 1425-1431.
[15]田昆, 常凤来, 陆梅, 等. 人为活动对云南纳帕海湿地土壤碳氮变化的影响[J]. 土壤学报,2004, 41(5): 681-686.
[16]白军红, 欧阳华, 邓伟, 等. 向海沼泽湿地土壤氮素的空间分布格局[J]. 地理研究,2004, 23(5): 614-622.
[17]于君宝, 陈小兵, 孙志高, 等. 黄河三角洲新生滨海湿地土壤营养元素空间分布特征[J]. 环境科学学报,2010, 30(4): 855-861.
[18]Sigual G C, Kang W J, Coleman S W. Soil profile distribution of phosphorus and other nutrients following wetland conversion to beef cattle pasture[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality,2006, 35(6): 2374-2382.
[19]Prusty B A K, Chandra R, Azeez P A. Distribution of carbon nitrogen phosphorus and sulfur in the soil in a multiple habitat system in India[J]. Australian Journal of Soil Researcher,2009, 47(2): 177-189.