苍耳提取物对萝卜蚜和粘虫作用方式及解毒酶活性影响的研究

doi:10.11686/cyxb20140434

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用室内生测法,研究了苍耳3种溶剂(丙酮、乙醇、氯仿)提取物对萝卜蚜和粘虫的作用方式及苍耳氯仿提取物对两种试虫的3种解毒酶活性的影响。结果表明,苍耳氯仿提取物对萝卜蚜有很强的忌避作用,当浓度为0.05 g/mL,处理4 h,忌避率达94.25%,48 h忌避率为84.53%;其次是触杀作用,校正死亡率最高为67.24%,LC₅₀为0.7420 g/mL;内吸作用极弱。对粘虫主要表现为拒食和生长发育抑制作用,拒食校正死亡率最高达98.27%,AFC₅₀为0.1985 g/mL;72 h体重增长率为-5.85%,与对照差异极显著;胃毒和触杀毒力较弱,LC₅₀分别为0.8997和1.3070 g/mL。苍耳氯仿提取物对萝卜蚜和粘虫的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)有抑制作用,处理萝卜蚜24 h及处理粘虫4 h时,乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)抑制率最高,分别为37.55%和25.65%;对谷胱甘肽转移酶(GSTs)和多功能氧化酶(MFO)活力影响不明显。

Abstract: The mode of insecticidal action and the activity of detoxification enzymes (AchE,GSTs,MFO) were studied using three different solvent extracts (acetone,ethanol,chloroform) of Xanthium sibiricum against Lipaphis erysimi and Mythimna separate. The chloroform extracts of X. sibiricum mainly expressed a strong repellency action against L. erysimi: the repellent rate was 94.25% at 4 h with a concentration of 0.05 g/mL,while at 48 h,it was 84.53%; For contact toxicity,the highest mortality rate was 67.24%,and the LC₅₀ was 0.7420 g/mL; Systemic action was extremely weak. For M. separate,the mode of insecticidal action was mainly antifeedant and growth inhibition activity,and the antifeeding corrected mortality rate was as high as 98.27%,and the AFC₅₀ was 0.1985 g/mL; At 72 h,the body weight growth rate was -5.85%,which was significantly different from the CK; Stomach and contact toxicity were weak,and the LC₅₀ were 0.8997 and 1.3070 g/mL respectively. The AchE activity of L. erysimi and M. separata was inhibited by the chloroform extract of X. sibiricum,at 24 h (L.erysimi) and 4 h (M. separate),the inhibition rates of the AchE activity were the highest (37.55% and 25.65%); The activities of GSTs and MFO were not significant.

中图分类号:

S433

张君霞，张新虎，沈慧敏. 苍耳提取物对萝卜蚜和粘虫作用方式及解毒酶活性影响的研究[J]. 草业学报, 2014, 23(4): 276-284.

ZHANG Jun-xia,ZHANG Xin-hu,SHEN Hui-min. A study on the mode of insecticidal action and the activity of detoxification enzyme in extracts of Xanthium sibiricum against Lipaphis erysimi and Mythimna separata[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(4): 276-284.

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