Abstract: The effects of nitrogen form and concentration on the growth and flowering induction of test-tube plantlets of Gomphrena globosa were investigated. The results showed: 1) Compared with the ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺), nitrate nitrogen (NO₃^-) as the sole nitrogen source was more favorable for the promotion of growth and flowering induction, while the optimum effect was observed with the presence of both NH₄⁺ and NO₃^-.2) In the presence of 20 mmol/L NH₄⁺ (NO₃^-) and 5 mg/L PP333, the growth rate was gradually increased with the increase of NO₃^- (NH₄⁺) level, and the plantlet height reached the maximum of 5.91 cm with 40 mmol/L NO₃^- + 20 mmol/L NH₄⁺ (nitrogen content of MS medium)in the medium; whereas the leaf number and flowering rate increased and then decreased as total nitrogen level was increased, and reached their maximum of 10.7 per seedling and 38.89%, respectively, with 20 mmol/L NO₃^- + 5 mmol/L NH₄⁺ (nitrogen content of MS medium) in the medium. 3) With respect to the effect of nitrogen on plant form, the maximum flowering rate of 39.95% was induced with a total nitrogen concentration of 5 mmol/L in the medium and with the ratio of ammonium to nitrate 4∶1; in contrast, the maximum plantlet height of 8.52 cm and leaf number of 13.38 per seedling was achieved with a total nitrogen concentration of 35 mmol/L in the medium and a 4∶1 ratio of ammonium to nitrate. The flowering rate of test-tube plantlets was significantly positively correlated with the ratio of nitrate nitrogen to ammonium nitrogen, but negatively correlated with the total nitrogen content and plant height. In addition, the nitrogen content and the ratio of nitrate nitrogen to ammonium nitrogen in medium also significantly influenced the root growth of test-tube plantlets.