硅对紫花苜蓿种子萌发及幼苗生长发育的影响

草业学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (1): 155-160.

硅对紫花苜蓿种子萌发及幼苗生长发育的影响

刘慧霞¹,申晓蓉¹,郭正刚^2*

1.西北民族大学生命科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州 730020;
2.兰州大学草地农业科技学院, 甘肃兰州 730020

出版日期:2011-02-22 发布日期:2011-02-22
通讯作者: E-mail:guozhg@lzu.edu.cn
作者简介:刘慧霞(1974-),女,甘肃靖远人,副教授,博士。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(30900173)和中国博士后科学基金(20060390191;200801242)资助。

Effects of silicon addition on seed germination and seedling growth of alfalfa

LIU Hui-xia¹, SHEN Xiao-rong¹, GUO Zheng-gang²

1.College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou
730030, China;
2.College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,
Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China

Online:2011-02-22 Published:2011-02-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在盆栽条件下证实了硅能够促进紫花苜蓿生长的基础上,研究了水培条件下硅对紫花苜蓿种子萌发和幼苗生长发育的影响。结果表明,硅对紫花苜蓿种子初始萌发时间和最终发芽率没有影响,但硅处理明显缩短了紫花苜蓿种子萌发所需时间,显著增加了发芽指数,种子活力和发芽势(P<0.05),说明硅不能改变紫花苜蓿种子品质的优劣,但能提高其活力。硅对紫花苜蓿幼苗茎叶和根系生长的影响并不一致,表现为硅处理紫花苜蓿幼苗茎长显著大于对照处理紫花苜蓿幼苗茎长(P<0.05),而硅处理紫花苜蓿幼苗根长和对照幼苗根长差异不显著。硅处理紫花苜蓿幼苗生物量显著大于对照处理紫花苜蓿生物量(P<0.05)。紫花苜蓿种子发芽指数,发芽势、幼苗根茎长度和生物量对硅的响应不存在浓度剂量效应。研究表明,硅至少直接参与了紫花苜蓿种子萌发和幼苗生长的生理生化过程,而且紫花苜蓿对硅的需求量相对较少。

Abstract: A previous pot experiment indicated that silicon addition encouraged alfalfa plants to grow and increased the biomass. Effects of silicon addition on seed germination and seedling growth of alfalfa using a water culture experiment were investigated in this study. Silicon addition had no effect on initial time of seed germination or on final germination rate. However, it enabled seeds to germinate faster and enhanced germination index, vigor index and germination energy, implying that silicon addition did not improve seed quality but did improve seed vitality. There were different responses of shoot and root lengths of alfalfa seedlings to silicon addition, indicating that silicon addition significantly increased the shoot length of alfalfa seedlings (P<0.05), but did not affect root length. Silicon addition increased the biomass of alfalfa seedlings (P<0.05). The concentration of silicon solution was not related to germination index, germination energy, length of shoot and root, or biomass of seedlings. Silicon is directly involved in the physiological process of seed germination and seedling growth of alfalfa.

中图分类号:

刘慧霞,申晓蓉,郭正刚. 硅对紫花苜蓿种子萌发及幼苗生长发育的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(1): 155-160.

LIU Hui-xia, SHEN Xiao-rong, GUO Zheng-gang. Effects of silicon addition on seed germination and seedling growth of alfalfa[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2011, 20(1): 155-160.

参考文献

姜慧新, 沈益新, 翟桂玉, 等. 磷肥对紫花苜蓿再生过程中根茬组织非结构性碳水化合物利用的影响. 草业学报, 2009, 18(3): 136-141.
韩方虎, 沈禹颖, 王希, 等.苜蓿草地土壤氮矿化的研究.草业学报, 2009, 18(2): 11-17.
Dedatta S K. Principles and Practices of Rice Production. MA, USA: Wiley-Interscience Publication, 1981.
庞贞武, 师瑞红, 谢国生, 等. 铝、硒、硅和磷复合处理对水稻幼苗生长的影响. 应用生态学报, 2009, 20(6): 1375-1382.
黄昌勇, 沈冰. 硅对大麦铝毒的消除和缓解作用研究. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2003, 9(1): 98-101.
朱佳, 梁永超, 丁燕芳,等. 硅对低温胁迫下冬小麦幼苗光合作用及相关生理特性的影响. 中国农业科学, 2006, 39(9): 1780-1788.
Hattori T, Inanaga S, Araki H, et al. Application of silicon enhanced drought tolerance in Sorghum bicolor. Physiologia Plantarum, 2005, 123: 459-466.
Raleigh G J. Evidence for the essentiality of silicon for growth of the beet plant. Plant Physiology, 1939, 14: 823-828.
Arnon D I, Stout P R. Molybdenum as an essential element for higher plants. Plant Physiology, 1939, 14: 599-602.
Miyake Y, Takahashi E. Effect of silicon on the growth of soybean plants in a solution culture. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 1985, 31: 625-636.
Bradbury M, Ahmad R. The effect of silicon on the growth of Prosopis juliflora growing in saline soil. Plant and Soil, 1990, 125: 71-74.
Dakora F D, Nelwamondo A. Silicon nutrition promotes root growth and tissue mechanical strength in symbiotic cowpea. Functional Plant Biology, 2003, 30: 947-953.
李清芳, 马成仓, 李韩平, 等. 土壤有效硅对大豆生长发育和生理功能的影响. 应用生态学报, 2004, 15(1): 73-76.
Guo Z G, Liu H X, Tian F P, et al. Effect of silicon on the morphology of shoots and roots of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) . Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 2006, 46: 1161-1166.
刘慧霞, 郭正刚, 周雪荣, 等. 硅对紫花苜蓿根系生长的影响. 中国草地学报, 2009, 31(1): 28-31.
郭正刚, 王锁民, 田福平, 等. 硅对紫花苜蓿生物学特性的影响. 生态学报, 2006, 26(1): 3302-3307.
刘慧霞, 郭正刚, 郭兴华, 等. 不同土壤水分条件下硅对紫花苜蓿水分利用效率及产量构成要素的影响. 生态学报, 2009, 29(6): 3075-3080.
刘慧霞, 王彦荣. 水引发对紫花苜蓿种子萌发及其生理活动的影响. 草业学报, 2008, 17(4): 78-84.
Taylor A G, Harman G E. Concepts and technologies of selected seed treatments. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 1990, 28: 321-339.
张永锋, 梁正伟, 隋丽, 等. 盐碱胁迫对苗期紫花苜蓿生理特性的影响. 草业学报, 2009, 18(4): 230-235.
刘大林, 邱伟伟, 马晶晶, 等. 不同苜蓿品种种子萌发时期的耐盐性比较. 草业科学, 2009, 26(9): 163-169.
马成仓, 李清芳, 束良佐, 等. 硅对玉米种子萌发和幼苗生长作用机制初探. 作物学报, 2002, 28(5): 665-669.
李清芳, 马成仓. 土壤有效硅对黄瓜种子萌发和幼苗生长代谢的影响. 园艺学报, 2002, 29(5): 433-437.
张玉龙, 王喜艳, 鸣达. 沙引发对紫花苜蓿种子盐逆境下发芽及幼苗生理生化变化的影响. 土壤通报, 2004, 35(6): 785-788.
Epstein E. Silicon. Annual Review of Plant Physiology & Plant Molecular Biology, 1999, 50: 641-664.
张振明, 余新晓, 焦健. 干旱胁迫下CoCl₂对紫花苜蓿种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响. 种子, 2005, 24(5): 1-4.

[1]	覃凤飞,沈益新,周建国,王庆师,孙志成,王波(南京农业大学动物科技学院,江苏南京,210095). 遮荫条件下9个紫花苜蓿品种苗期形态及生长响应[J]. 草业学报, 2010, 19(3): 204-211.
[2]	杨红善,常根柱,周学辉,苗小林,路远,王永林². 美国引进苜蓿品种半湿润区栽培试验[J]. 草业学报, 2010, 19(1): 121-127.
[3]	李发明,刘世增,郭春秀³,朱淑娟,程秀英^3*. 民勤荒漠区优良苜蓿引种栽培试验研究[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(6): 248-253.