湖南云山野生地被植物资源及其综合评价分析

doi:10.11686/cyxb2014344

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为深入了解和更好地开发利用湖南云山野生地被植物资源,采用野外调查和查证相结合的方法,运用层次分析法(AHP),对湖南云山野生地被植物资源及其综合评价进行了全面系统的研究与分析。结果表明,云山共有野生地被植物498种,隶属107科254属,其中蕨类植物14科20属30种,双子叶植物80科194属406种,单子叶植物13科40属62种,裸子植物缺乏。生活型以草本类为主,有201种,占总种数的40.36%,而藤本、灌木、蕨类和竹类所占比例较少,分别占总种数的29.52%,23.49%,6.02%和0.60%;其中直立型、缠绕攀援型和蔓生匍匐型地被植物所占比例相差较大,分别占总数的59.84%,29.52%和10.64%,大部分地被植物观赏性高、适应性广、抗逆性强;该区有Ⅰ级地被植物30种,具备良好的地被植物特性,综合评价值最高,是优良的乡土地被植物,可大规模开发利用;Ⅱ级地被植物82种,具备较好的地被植物特性,综合评价值较高,可适度开发利用;Ⅲ级地被植物103种,因个别指标分值相对偏低,可选择性开发利用;Ⅳ级地被植物283种,由于某些指标分值相对较低,只能适当选择,小面积应用。总之,湖南云山野生地被植物资源丰富且大部分具有良好的地被植物特性,在开发利用时应结合工程实际,合理地选择,灵活地运用,以最大限度地发挥其综合效益。

Abstract: In order to fully understand and potentially utilize the wild ground cover plant resources in Yunshan, Hunan, a systemic analysis and evaluation of wild ground cover resources was undertaken. A combination of field investigation and verification methods, and an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used. The results show that 498 wild ground cover species were found in Yunshan, belonging to 107 families and 254 genera. These plants include 14 families, 20 genera and 30 species of pteridophyte; 80 families, 194 genera and 406 dicotyledonous species; 13 families, 40 genera and 62 species of monocotyledonous plants; no gymnosperms were found. Herbs were the dominant vegetation form found in this study, comprising 201 species, 40.36% of the total. Lianas, shrubs, ferns and bamboos were also found, accounting for 29.52%, 23.49%, 6.02% and 0.62% of the total species, respectively. The proportion of erect, creeping and climbing plants differed, accounting for 59.84%, 29.52% and 10.64% respectively. Most of the wild ground cover plants have good ornamental characteristics, good adaptability and strong resistance. Thirty potentially high (Grade I) value ground cover plants were identified in the study. A further 82 second grade and 103 third grade ground cover species were also identified. The wild ground cover plants resources in Yunshan, Hunan were found to be abundant with many species having excellent ground cover features which could be developed for commercial utilization.

王业社, 陈立军, 杨贤均, 段林东. 湖南云山野生地被植物资源及其综合评价分析[J]. 草业学报, 2015, 24(7): 30-40.

WANG Ye-She, CHEN Li-Jun, YANG Xian-Jun, DUAN Lin-Dong. A comprehensive evaluation of the wild ground cover plants resources in Yunshan, Hunan[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2015, 24(7): 30-40.

参考文献

[1] He G F. Investigations of application on wild cover plant in Xining area. Northern Horticulture, 2010, (8):52.
[2] Dou J, Zhou S Y, Xu Z F. A application in the garden of native ground cover plants resources in Yunnan. Journal of Zhenjiang Forestry College, 2004, 21(1):54-60.
[3] Xu Z H, Wang P W, Xia Y P. Resource survey and landscaping application index evolution of native ground covers in Ningbo. Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2008, (6):73-78.
[4] Liu Y J, Ye Z H, Li X W, et al . Investigation and evaluation of wild ornamental groundcover plant resources in Shenzhen. Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2013, (11):115-119.
[5] Hou T R. Application and discussion on ecological garden of the wild ornamental ground cover plants in Guizhou. Agricultural Technical Services, 2010, 27(2):260-262.
[6] Xia Y P. Garden Cover Plants[M]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang Science and Technology Press, 2008.
[7] Zhou J Q, Wu T X. A preliminary Survey on wild flowers and ground cover plant germplasm resources in Huoditang area in the southern slope of the Qinling Mountains. Journal of Beijing Forestry College, 1982, 4(2):78-92.
[8] Tan J Q, Li Q M, Wang S Y. An investigation report on utilization of garden ground cover plant resources in Chongqing. Journal of Ecology, 1988, 24(3): 18-21.
[9] Li Y, Li Z G, Yang J, et al . Garden ground cover plant germplasm resources in Northwest Yunnan mountain. Yunnan Agricultural Science and Technology, 2003, (5):43-44.
[10] Liu J R, Xie X R. Development and utilization of the wild lawn plants in Hexi Corridor. Practical Forestry Technology, 2002, (8):40.
[11] Kang J S, Zhang S Y. Study on introduction and development of salt tolerant ground cover plants in coastal saline alkali soil. Shandong Forestry Science and Technology, 2003, (4):1-7.
[12] Xu M, Zhang J L. The cultivation use of Dichondra vepens , a ground cover in Kunming. Yunnan Agricultural Science and Technology, 2003, (1):22-23.
[13] Ma Z R, Yang C S, Chang X Q, et al . The preliminary report of turf characteristics of uncultivated Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC. Journal of Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2003, (3):53-58.
[14] Wu L, Zhu H, Lu Y J, et al . Resource status of the ground cover plants and potential analysis of exploitation and utilization in Hangzhou city. Forestry Science, 2007, 43(8):61-64.
[15] Xing F W, Yu M E, Zhang Y X. Diversity and Conservation of Plant Species in Shenzhen[M].Beijing: China Forestry Press, 2003.
[16] Huang H S, Zhou J S, Chen H F. The investigation and analysis of landscape application of native groundcover plants in Shenzhen. Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2007, (9):81-84.
[17] Liu X M, Zhang L, Wang T, et al . Research of species composition in wild groundcover in Hefei. The Resources of Wild Plants Chinese, 2012, 31(4):38-43.
[18] Zheng W, Xu X D, Chen L Q. Evaluation and utilization of wild native groundcover plants resources in Central China. Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2001, (2):1-4.
[19] Qu Z L, Lu X L, Sun J Y. The Overall Planning of National Forest Park Planning in Yunshan, Hunan Wugang[M]. Changsha: Hunan Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Industry Survey and Design Institute, 1993.
[20] Huang Q P. Evaluation on the introduction and domestication of wild ornamental plants by analytic hierarchy process(AHP) in sanming city. Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2009, (12):93-96.
[21] Tang D Q, Yang X J, Xu D X. Study on the method applied garden plant landscape evaluation. Journal of Zhejiang Forestry University, 2001, 18(4):394-397.
[22] Wu X X, You J, Lin Q M. Establishment of the evaluation system for exploitation value of the wild resources of ornamental plants and evaluation of the resources in Wuchuan of Inner Mongolia. Resources and Environment Science of Agriculture, 2006, 22(8):464-469.
[23] Zhu X. Investigation and Research of Application of the City Garden Ground Cover Plant Resources in Jiangshu[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Forestry University, 2012:1-75.
[24] Chen Z. Investigation of the Application of Ground Covers and Their Quality Evaluation in Wuhan Open Space Greenland[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong Agricultural University, 2011:1-63.
[25] Zhou F K. Classification, development and utilization of botanic resources in Yunsan Mountain in Hunan. Central South Forestry Survey and planning, 2001, (5):29-32.
[26] Zhang B X, Bai S Y. Landscape Design and Application of Ground Cover Plants[M]. Beijing: Machinery Industry Press, 2006.
[27] Li C S. Advances in Plant Science (volume sixth)[M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2004.
[28] Wu Z Y. The areal types of genera of seed plants Chinese. Yunnan Plant Research, 1991,13(S4):1-139.
[29] Zhang Z D, Yu Y W, Hua L M, et al . Analysis of the distribution pattern of wild vascular plant diversity in Gansu Province, China. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(1):22-30.
[30] Liu Y S, Pan J W, Li Y Z, et al . Plant community productivity and diversity on alpine meadow steppe in the Three River Headwater Region, Qihai Province under different denudation levels. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(3): 1-7.
[31] Wang Y S, Chen L J, Yang X J, et al . Research on the wild medicinal vine plant Resources in the “Danxia” geomorphological area of Langshan Mountain and the potential exploitability. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(3): 85-96.
[1] 何桂芳. 西宁地区野生地被植物应用现状调查. 北方园艺, 2010, (8): 52.
[2] 窦剑, 周双云, 许再富. 滇南乡土地被植物资源及在园林中的应用. 浙江林学院学报, 2004, 21(1): 54-60.
[3] 徐志豪, 王彭伟, 夏宜平. 宁波乡土地被植物资源调查及园林应用指标评价. 中国园林, 2008, (6): 73-78.
[4] 刘永金, 叶自慧, 李许文, 等. 深圳市野生观赏地被植物资源调查与评价. 中国园林, 2013, (11): 115-119.
[5] 侯天荣. 贵州省野生观赏地被植物资源及生态园林应用探讨. 农技服务, 2010, 27, (2): 260-262.
[6] 夏宜平. 园林地被植物[M]. 杭州: 浙江科学技术出版社, 2008.
[7] 周家琪, 吴涤新. 秦岭南坡火地塘等地区野生花卉和地被植物种质资源调查初报. 北京林学院学报, 1982, 4(2): 78-92.
[8] 谭继清, 李清明, 王世宇. 重庆园林地被植物资源及其利用的调查研究报告. 生态学杂志, 1988, 24(3): 18-21.
[9] 李燕, 李兆光, 杨静, 等. 滇西北高山园林地被植物种质资源. 云南农业科技, 2003, (5): 43-44.
[10] 刘金荣, 谢晓蓉. 河西走廊野生地被草坪植物的开发与利用. 林业实用技术, 2002, (8): 40.
[11] 康俊水, 张淑英. 滨海盐碱地耐盐地被植物引种开发的研究. 山东林业科技, 2003, (4): 1-7.
[12] 徐敏, 张江里. 地被植物马蹄金在昆明的栽培应用. 云南农业科技, 2003, (1): 22-23.
[13] 马宗仁, 阳承胜, 常向前, 等. 野生豆科草坪植物三点金的坪用性状初报. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2003, (3): 53-58.
[14] 吴玲, 朱红, 卢毅军, 等. 杭州市地被植物资源及开发利用潜力分析. 林业科学, 2007, 43(8): 61-64.
[15] 邢福武, 余明恩, 张永夏. 深圳植物物种多样性及其保育[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2003.
[16] 黄穗昇, 周劲松, 陈红锋. 深圳乡土地被植物调查及园林应用分析. 中国园林, 2007, (9): 81-84.
[17] 刘雪梅, 张玲, 汪天, 等. 合肥市野生地被植物种类构成研究. 中国野生植物资源, 2012, 31(4): 38-43.
[18] 郑伟, 徐晓丹, 陈龙清. 华中地区野生乡土地被植物资源及其利用评价. 中国园林, 2001, (2): 1-4.
[19] 屈昭廉, 鲁遐龄, 孙建一. 湖南武冈云山国家森林公园总体规划[M]. 长沙: 湖南省农林工业勘察设计研究院, 1993.
[20] 黄清平. 利用层次分析法评价三明市野生观赏植物的引种驯化效果. 中国园林, 2009, (12): 93-96.
[21] 唐东芹, 杨学军, 许东新. 园林植物景观评价方法及其应用. 浙江林学院学报, 2001, 18(4): 394-397.
[22] 武旭霞, 游捷, 林启美. 观赏植物野生资源开发利用价值评价体系的建立及应用. 农业资源与环境科学, 2006, 22(8): 464-469.
[23] 褚西. 江苏省城市园林地被植物资源调查与应用研究]. 南京:南京林业大学, 2012: 1-75.
[24] 陈珍. 武汉公园绿地地被植物应用调查及质量评价]. 武汉:华中农业大学, 2011: 1-63.
[25] 周富康. 云山植物资源分类与开发利用评价. 中南林业调查规划, 2001, (5): 29-32.
[26] 张宝鑫, 白淑媛. 地被植物景观设计与应用[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2006.
[27] 李承森. 植物科学进展(第六卷)[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2004.
[28] 吴征镒. 中国种子植物属的分布区类型. 云南植物研究, 1991, 13(S4): 1-139.
[29] 张志达, 于应文, 花立民, 等. 甘肃省野生维管植物多样性分布格局分析. 草业学报, 2014, 23(1): 22-30.
[30] 刘艳书, 攀江文, 李愈哲, 等. 三江源地区不同剥蚀退化高寒草甸群落生物量与多样性特征. 草业学报, 2014, 23(3): 1-7.
[31] 王业社, 陈立军, 杨贤均, 等. 湖南崀山丹霞地貌区野生药用藤本植物资源及开发利用研究. 草业学报, 2014, 23(3): 85-96.