Abstract: The traditional Chinese food security concept equates grain to food and our agricultural policy lays undue stress on the importance of grain, which accelerates the formation of the “grain-pig agriculture”. The food production structure and safety evaluation methods can reflect the drawbacks of traditional agriculture: on the one hand we pay too much attention to grain and pork production while on the other hand, the evaluation of food security is confined to the food supply capacity. Foreign food security evaluation systems focus on micro-level and nutrition structure, but domestic evaluation systems prefer macro-level and food supply capacity. Traditional agriculture with a single production structure no longer meets the people’s need for increased animal food. We do not have enough grain to feed large numbers of grain-eating livestock if we still continue to give priority to the development of confined animal husbandry. A good solution for this problem is to develop plant-eating livestock to relieve the pressure on grain-eating livestock. Grassland agricultural systems can ensure food security not only in quantity, but also to satisfy the demand of increasing animal food consumption. Thus, it is the best choice of development for efficiently protecting our country’s food security in the long term.