珠芽蓼内生菌ZA1对马铃薯的防病促生研究

doi:10.11686/cyxb2014233

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用常规方法对莫海威芽孢杆菌ZA1分泌吲哚乙酸(IAA)、固氮、溶磷和产抑菌酶等能力进行定性测定,并在室内和大田条件下对其防治马铃薯病害及促生作用进行了研究。ZA1在含和不含色氨酸的King培养基中分泌IAA分别为12.17和9.75 mg/L,具有固氮能力并能分泌胞外蛋白酶,但无溶磷能力,且不能产生几丁质酶和葡聚糖酶;10倍液喷雾对贮藏期马铃薯坏疽病的防效达85.9%;20倍液拌种对田间马铃薯晚疫病防效为26.56%,但马铃薯商品薯增产率达36.29%,每hm²增产率达33.88%。采用10倍稀释液对马铃薯块茎拌种后盆栽55 d,根、茎及叶绿素含量均高于对照,其中经10倍ZA1处理后,根长与干、鲜重分别增加8 cm、0.75 g和5.07 g,株高、茎粗及茎干、鲜重分别增加2.74 cm、0.27 cm、0.52 g和5.73 g,干湿根冠比分别增加0.214和0.094,叶绿素含量增加0.54 mg/g;且可诱导马铃薯植株内的过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT )和苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)酶活性增加。本研究明确了菌株ZA1对马铃薯的防病促生作用及对其防御酶的诱导,为ZA1开发成为微生物农药及菌肥提供理论依据。

Abstract: This research was to study the effects of disease prevention, growth promotion and defense enzymes induction of Bacillus mojavensis ZA1 on potato, and provide a theoretical basis for microbial fungicide and fertilizer use. The abilities of IAA secretion, nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization and inhibition enzyme production of ZA1 have been researched qualitatively by general methods. The effects of controlling disease and growth promotion of ZA1 on potatoes were studied under the condition of indoors and fields. The concentration of IAA secreted by ZA1 in the King medium with and without tryptophan were 12.17 and 9.75 mg/L. ZA1 possessed the capacity of nitrogen fixation and extracellular proteases, chitinase and glucanase production, but without the ability of phosphate solubilization. The control efficiency of ZA1 was 85.9% by spraying 10 times diluting fermentation broth on potato tubes in storage-period against potato gangrene, and was 26.56% by seed dressing fermentation broth with diluting for 20 times on potato tubes under field condition against potato late blight. In field condition, the production ratios of commodity potato were increased by 36.29% and 33.88% per hectare, respectively. Pot experiments with the seed dressing potatoes showed that the content of roots, stems and chlorophyll were higher than the control group. After treatment by ZA1 20 times fermentation broth on potato tubes, the length of the root and wet and dry weight were increased by 8 cm, 0.75 g and 5.07 g, respectively. In the same time, the plant height, stem diameter, stem wet and dry weight and the content of chlorophyll were increased by 2.74 cm, 0.27 cm, 0.52 g, 5.73 g and 0.54 mg/g, respectively. The root-shoot ratios of wet and dry weight were increased by 0.214 and 0.094, respectively. When spraying diluting fermentation broth of ZA1 on potato leaves, the results indicated that the activity of catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL), SOD and POD of potatoes were increased. ZA1 possessed the biological function of disease prevention and growth promotion under indoor and field conditions obviously, which showed that ZA1 had the potential to become microbial fungicide and fertilizer.

畅涛，杨成德，薛莉，杨小利，冯中红，郝蓉蓉，张振粉，陈秀蓉. 珠芽蓼内生菌ZA1对马铃薯的防病促生研究[J]. 草业学报, 2015, 24(12): 83-91.

CHANG Tao, YANG Cheng-De, XUE Li, YANG Xiao-Li, FENG Zhong-Hong, HAO Rong-Rong, ZHANG Zhen-Fen, CHEN Xiu-Rong. Effects of disease control and growth promotion of Polygonum viviparum endophytic bacteria Bacillus mojavensis on potato[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2015, 24(12): 83-91.

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