林草复合系统地下部分种间互作关系与化感作用研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 林草复合系统作为一种具有可持续发展特点的土地利用方式,已在全球范围内得到了广泛的应用和研究,其经营的成败通常是由各生物组分之间的相互作用关系所决定。目前,林草复合系统的经营者比较重视对系统地上部分种间互作关系的调控,而忽视地下部分种间互作关系和化感作用对系统经营的潜在影响。笔者对国内外相关研究进行了分析和总结,以完善和加深人们对林草复合系统地下部分种间互作关系和化感作用的认识,可为优化系统物种结构、避免或降低种间不利影响、实现系统经营收益的最大化提供经验借鉴和理论指导。未来应深入研究林草复合系统地下部分与地上部分种间互作关系及化感作用三者之间如何相互影响和协同运行、探索系统对土壤水肥资源利用的耦合效应、揭示林草根系主要分布层发生隔离的机制、筛选具有水力提升作用的树种并尝试性地在人工林草复合系统中进行应用、探求系统地下部分种间互作关系对全球气候变化的响应以及加强林草复合系统中化感作用的研究等。

Abstract: Silvopasture (forest-pasture complex), a sustainable land-use/management strategy, has been widely practised and increasingly researched worldwide against a background of global population explosion, exorbitant resource consumption and deterioration of eco-environments. In silvopasture systems, interspecific interaction relationships is one of the most important research foci. It directly relates to the results of this land-use/management strategy and research has progressively shown that the belowground interspecific interactions, and allelopathy play a more important role than aboveground interspecific interactions in system stability. This paper reviews and summarizes existing research on belowground interspecific interactions and allelopathy in silvopasture systems, and offers some suggestions for design and management of systems, for optimizing system structures and resource utility patterns, thereby reducing interspecific negative effects, and resulting in maximal comprehensive harvesting benefits. It is suggested that future research on belowground interspecific interactions and allelopathy, in silvopasture systems, focus on: the association among allelopathy, belowground and aboveground interspecific interactions, the water & nutrition coupling utilization effect of woody plants and herbage, the separate mechanisms of woody and herbaceous roots centralized layers, finding and collating appropriate hydraulic life trees in systems, the response of belowground interspecific interaction between woody plants and herbage to global climate change, researching allelopathy for optimization of systems species structure and in ecological management of silvopasture systems.

中图分类号:

Q945.7

秦树高,吴斌,张宇清. 林草复合系统地下部分种间互作关系与化感作用研究进展[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(2): 253-261.

QIN Shu-gao, WU Bin, ZHANG Yu-qing. A review of belowground interspecific interactions and allelopathy in silvopasture systems[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2011, 20(2): 253-261.

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