三峡库区不同土地利用方式下土壤养分含量特征研究

doi:10.11686/cyxb2015528

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究三峡库区不同土地利用方式下土壤有机质、pH值及土壤养分特征的变化,以重庆市开县竹溪镇选取4种不同的土地利用方式作为研究对象,依次为坡耕地(PG)、人工林(RG)、荒草地(HC)和经果林(JG),在每种土地利用方式上选取3块10 m×10 m样地,每块样地内采用“S”形布设采样,取0~20 cm土样,运用土壤化学分析方法测定土壤pH值、有机质以及氮磷钾等含量。研究结果表明,1)在4种不同土地利用方式下,有机质含量和土壤pH值显著差异,有机质含量情况:人工林(24.99±2.34 g/kg)>经果林(19.71±1.89 g/kg)>荒草地(13.72±1.79 g/kg)>坡耕地(10.20±0.69 g/kg),坡耕地土壤pH值最高达到7.19,人工林最低达到5.67。2)全氮含量范围为0.55~1.38 g/kg之间,人工林与其他3种土地利用方式的碱解氮含量差异显著,土壤全氮含量和有机碳的变化有极显著的正相关关系,4种土地利用方式下C/N没有显著的差异。3)全磷和全钾含量的变化趋势相同,全磷含量范围为0.41~0.59 g/kg之间,经果林全磷含量和人工林有显著差异,两种林地利用方式有效磷和速效钾含量差异不显著,但全钾含量差异显著,含量范围为3.73~21.43 g/kg之间。4)pH值与有机质含量、全氮含量、碱解氮含量极显著负相关,与速效钾显著负相关,与全磷、全钾显著正相关,有机质与全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量极显著正相关性。本研究结果对于在三峡库区采取合理的土地利用方式、施肥方式、土地利用结构调整以及保持和提高土壤肥力、土地生产力有极其重要的意义。

Abstract: This study explores variations in soil organic matter, pH value and nutrients in soil under different land-use types in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. Four different land-use types, including sloping farmland (PG), plantation (RG), barren grassland (HC) and economic forest (JG) in Zhuxi Town of Kaixian County in Chongqing, were selected as the study sites. Three 10 m×10 m sample plots were chosen for each land-use type and soil sat the 0-20 cm layer were collected with “S” shape samples in each plot. Chemical analysis was undertaken to determine soil pH, soil organic matter (SOM) and contents of N, P and K. The results showed that SOM content and pH were not significantly different among four different land-use types. SOM results were in following order: RG (24.99±2.34 g/kg)>JG (19.71±1.89 g/kg) >HC (13.72±1.79 g/kg)>PG (10.20±0.69 g/kg). Soil pH value was the highest in PG (7.19) and the lowest in RG (5.67). Total nitrogen content varied from 0.55 g/kg to 1.38 g/kg, and available nitrogen content in RG soil was significantly different from PG, HC and JG. Total nitrogen content had a very significant positive correlation with organic carbon. C/N varied little under the four land-use types. Total phosphorus and total potassium contents followed similar trends. Total phosphorus content ranged from 0.41 g/kg to 0.59 g/kg, with significant differences between JG and RG. However, available phosphorus and available potassium showed no significant differences between these two land-use types, while total potassium content ranged from 3.73 g/kg to 21.43 g/kg. The pH value was very significantly negatively correlated with soil organic matter, total nitrogen and available nitrogen, and also significantly negatively correlated with available potassium, but was significantly positively correlated with total phosphorus and total potassium. Soil organic matter had a very significant positive correlation with total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium. These results provide important information for the determination of rational land-use patterns, fertilizing modes and land-use structure adjustment plans that aim to maintain and enhance soil fertility and productivity.

秦川, 何丙辉, 蒋先军. 三峡库区不同土地利用方式下土壤养分含量特征研究[J]. 草业学报, 2016, 25(9): 10-19.

QIN Chuan, HE Bing-Hui, JIANG Xian-Jun. Soil nutrient characteristics of different land-use types in the Three Gorges Reservoir[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2016, 25(9): 10-19.

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