施肥对羊草草原土壤氮素转化的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2015561

草业学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (10): 48-55.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2015561

施肥对羊草草原土壤氮素转化的影响

秦燕^{1, 2}, 何峰¹, 仝宗永¹, 谢开云¹, 王栋¹, Gammal¹, 权国玲¹, 宋谦³, 王虎¹, 张威震⁴, 李向林^{1, *}

1.中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京 100193;
2.齐齐哈尔大学,黑龙江齐齐哈尔 161006;
3.甘肃农业大学,甘肃兰州 730070;
4.河北大学,河北保定 071002

收稿日期:2015-12-09 出版日期:2016-10-20 发布日期:2016-10-20
通讯作者: E-mail:lxl@caas.cn
作者简介:秦燕(1981-),女,黑龙江齐齐哈尔人,在读博士。E-mail:mule119@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31302015),公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(201303060),国家牧草产业技术体系课题(CARS-35)和草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLGAE201506)资助

Influence of fertilizer use on nitrogen transformation in soils of the Leymus chinensis steppe

QIN Yan^{1, 2}, HE Feng¹, TONG Zong-Yong¹, XIE Kai-Yun¹, WANG Dong¹, Gammal¹, QUAN Guo-Ling¹, SONG Qian³, WANG Hu¹, ZHANG Wei-Zhen⁴, LI Xiang-Lin^{1, *}

1.Institute of Animal Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100193, China;
2.Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China;
3.Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
4.Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China

Received:2015-12-09 Online:2016-10-20 Published:2016-10-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 施肥是常用的草地管理方式之一,对维持草地生产力和草地生态系统健康至关重要。本文以河北沽源羊草草原为对象,设置了5种施肥处理,研究了施肥对半干旱羊草草原土壤氮素形态及转化特征的影响。结果表明:在牧草整个生长季,氮磷配施处理土壤铵态氮和硝态氮含量低于相应的单施氮肥处理。氮肥施入改变了草地土壤氮矿化模式。在5-8月氮素添加各处理的土壤硝化作用强烈,明显高于其他处理,氮素添加处理土壤净氮矿化量在5-7月较大,其矿化量占整个生长季的57.58%~68.97%。土壤铵态氮含量与土壤硝态氮含量、净硝化量、净矿化量、土壤温度和土壤水分均存在显著正相关关系(P<0.05),土壤硝态氮含量与土壤温度有极显著正相关关系(r=0.491,P<0.01)。高氮添加处理增加了硝态氮淋溶损失和污染环境的风险。

Abstract: Fertilizer application is a common grassland management technique and plays an important role in the maintenance of grassland productivity and the health of its ecosystems. In this study, five kinds of fertilizer treatment were applied to determine their effects on soil nitrogen forms and transformations in the Leymus chinensis grasslands of Guyuan, Hebei Province. The results showed that, during the whole forage-growing season, the soil nitrate and ammonium nitrogen contents in grassland fertilized with both nitrogen and phosphorus were lower than that in grassland fertilized only with nitrogen. The application of nitrogen fertilizer changed the process of soil nitrogen mineralization. Grasslands with nitrogen fertilization showed stronger soil nitrification than the other treatments during the period from May to August, and higher net nitrogen mineralization during the period from May to July, which accounted for 57.58%-68.97% of total net nitrogen mineralization over the whole forage-growing season. Positive correlations were observed between soil ammonium nitrogen content, soil nitrate nitrogen content, net nitrogen nitrification, net nitrogen mineralization, soil temperature and soil moisture (r=0.491, P<0.01). High levels of nitrogen fertilizer application could increase the loss of nitrate nitrogen by leaching and thus the risk of environmental pollution.

秦燕, 何峰, 仝宗永, 谢开云, 王栋, Gammal, 权国玲, 宋谦, 王虎, 张威震, 李向林. 施肥对羊草草原土壤氮素转化的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2016, 25(10): 48-55.

QIN Yan, HE Feng, TONG Zong-Yong, XIE Kai-Yun, WANG Dong, Gammal, QUAN Guo-Ling, SONG Qian, WANG Hu, ZHANG Wei-Zhen, LI Xiang-Lin. Influence of fertilizer use on nitrogen transformation in soils of the Leymus chinensis steppe[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2016, 25(10): 48-55.

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施肥对羊草草原土壤氮素转化的影响

Influence of fertilizer use on nitrogen transformation in soils of the Leymus chinensis steppe

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