CRISPR/Cas9系统:基因组定点编辑技术及其在植物基因功能研究中的应用

doi:10.11686/cyxb2016430

摘要/Abstract

摘要： CRISPR/Cas系统是细菌和古细菌在长期演化过程中形成的一种适应性免疫防御系统,可用来对抗入侵的病毒及外源DNA。相比锌指核酸酶(ZFNs)和TALE核酸酶(TALENs),基于RNA指导的Ⅱ型CRISPR/Cas9系统为基因组定点编辑开辟了一条新的道路,在基因功能研究中具有效率高、成本低、易于操作等显著优点。本文从CRISPR/Cas9系统的基本结构、作用机制及其在植物基因功能研究和作物遗传育种中的应用等方面进行了简述,最后对该系统的发展前景进行了展望。

Abstract: CRISPR/Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) was derived from the adaptive immune system of bacteria and archaea to resist attacks from invasive viruses and exogenous DNA. Comparing zinc finger nuclease (ZFN) and transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALENs), the type II CRISPR/Cas9 system mediated by RNA breaks new ground for gene editing due to its efficiency, low cost and ease of operation for the study of genetic function. This review summarizes recent research and progress of the structure, mechanisms and application of CRISPR/Cas9 for the study of genetic function and crop breeding. We also investigate the potential future development of CRISPR/Cas9.

包爱科, 白天惠, 赵天璇, 苏家豪. CRISPR/Cas9系统:基因组定点编辑技术及其在植物基因功能研究中的应用[J]. 草业学报, 2017, 26(7): 190-200.

BAO Ai-Ke, BAI Tian-Hui, ZHAO Tian-Xuan, SU Jia-Hao. CRISPR/Cas9: A gene targeting technology and its application in the study of plant genetic function[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2017, 26(7): 190-200.

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