哒螨灵对酢浆草岩螨的亚致死效应

doi:10.11686/cyxb2020128

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 酢浆草岩螨是为害红花酢浆草最为严重的害螨,哒螨灵作为一类广谱、触杀性杀螨剂可高效防治该害螨。为明确哒螨灵对酢浆草岩螨的亚致死效应,为酢浆草岩螨综合防控和哒螨灵的合理使用提供理论依据,采用叶片浸渍法测定哒螨灵对酢浆草岩螨的毒力,通过毒力回归方程得出哒螨灵对酢浆草岩螨的亚致死剂量LC₁₀、LC₂₀,采用建立生命表的方法评估哒螨灵亚致死剂量对酢浆草岩螨生长发育、繁殖力和生命表参数的影响。结果表明,经哒螨灵亚致死剂量LC₁₀、LC₂₀处理后,酢浆草岩螨生殖力显著下降(P<0.05),F₀和F₁代单雌产卵量分别下降了53.37%、55.46%与41.34%、45.24%;产卵期显著缩短(P<0.05),F₀和F₁代产卵期分别缩短了3.11、4.75 d与3.47、2.81 d;成螨寿命也显著缩短(P<0.05),F₀和F₁代成螨寿命分别缩短了1.45、2.04 d与3.24、4.00 d。此外,经哒螨灵LC₁₀、LC₂₀处理后,酢浆草岩螨F₁代净增殖率(R₀)、内禀增长率(r_m)、周限增长率(λ)与对照相比均显著下降(R₀由对照的28.54分别降低至16.91、15.48;r_m由对照的0.1650分别降低至0.1276、0.1249;λ由对照的1.1794分别降低至1.1435、1.1330;P<0.05),平均世代历期(T)、种群加倍时间(Dt)均显著延长(T由对照的20.31 d分别延长至22.17、21.94 d;Dt由对照的4.20 d分别延长至5.43、5.55 d;P<0.05)。由此可见,哒螨灵亚致死剂量对酢浆草岩螨试验种群的增长有抑制作用。

关键词: 酢浆草岩螨, 哒螨灵, 亚致死效应, 生命表参数

Abstract: Petrobia harti is a very serious worldwide pest mite harming Oxalis corymbosa, and pyridaben as a broad-spectrum, contact-killing acaricide that is highly effective against P. harti. To clarify the sublethal effects of pyridaben on P. harti and provide data for developing comprehensive control strategies for this mite with minimal usage of pyridaben, the toxicity of pyridaben against P. harti was determined by a leaf impregnation method. The sublethal doses used were determined by a regression equation of P. harti death rate on pyridaben concentration, in order to identify concentrations predicted to be lethal to 10% or 20% of a test population of mites (LC₁₀ and LC₂₀, respectively). The effects of the LC₁₀ and LC₂₀ sublethal pyridaben doses on the development, fertility and life-history parameters of P. harti were evaluated by establishing a life table. It was found that the fecundity of P. harti was significantly decreased after treatment with the sublethal doses of pyridaben (P<0.05) with the number of eggs laid per female reduced, respectively, by 53.37% and 55.46% in the F₀ generation and 41.34% and 45.24% in the F₁ generation in the LC₁₀ and LC₂₀ treatments, compared to the controls. Similarly, the oviposition duration was significantly shortened, respectively, by 3.11 and 4.75 days in F₀ generation and 3.47 and 2.81 days in the F₁ generation. The average adult longevity was also significantly shortened, respectively, by 1.45 and 2.04 days in the F₀ generation and 3.24 and 4.00 days in the F₁ generation. Compared to the control, after treatment with sublethal pyridaben doses, the net reproductive rate (R₀), intrinsic rate of increase (r_m) and finite rate of increase (λ) of P. harti were all significantly decreased in the LC₁₀ and LC₂₀ treatments (the R₀ from 28.54 to 16.91 and 15.48; the r_m from 0.1650 to 0.1276 and 0.1249; the λ from 1.17941 to 1.1435 and 1.1330; P<0.05), while the mean generation time (T) and the population doubling time (Dt) were both significantly prolonged (the T from 20.31 to 22.17 and 21.94 days; the Dt from 4.20 to 5.43 and 5.55 days, respectively; P<0.05). The results indicated that the sublethal doses of pyridaben at LC₁₀ and LC₂₀ decreased the development rate and fecundity of laboratory populations of P. harti.

Key words: Petrobia harti, pyridaben, sublethal effect, life-table parameters

何恒果. 哒螨灵对酢浆草岩螨的亚致死效应[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(11): 67-73.

HE Heng-guo. Sublethal effects of pyridaben on the development and reproduction of Petrobia harti[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(11): 67-73.

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