Abstract: The effects of different leguminous forage rotations on soil microbe consortiums, quantitative distribution, and enzyme activity were studied in a continuously cropped potato field. The quantitative distributions of soil culturable bacteria and fungi, microbial activity, soil urease activity, the activities of alkaline phosphatase and catalase were significantly promoted in common vetch (Vicia sativa), Medicago lupulina, and Longdong alfalfa (Medicago sativa) rotation systems compared with continuously cropped potato fields. Fungal/bacterial ratios decreased by 50.72% after legumes were included in the rotations, showing that rotations with common vetch and Medicago lupulina, converted the soil microbe consortium of continuously cropped potato field from fungal to bacterial types. After the inclusion of legumes, the number of aerobic types of nitrogen-fixing bacteria increased by 283.69%, and urease activity increased by 6.4 times. There were also significant increases in the activities of alkaline phosphatase and catalase. However, the improving effect on the soil of continuously cropping potato field depends largely on leguminous forage species. The duration of continuously cropped soils depended on the different continuous cropping durations which showed different sensitivities to different types of forage legumes.