Abstract: The status-quo of the wild medicinal vine plants resources in the Southwest of Hunan, were investigated in Langshan, a National Scenery location. There are about 128 species, 73 genera and 41 families of wild medicinal vineplants in the “Danxia” Geomorphological Area of Langshan Mountain, Hunan. They account for 22.16%, 10.60% and 8.74%, respectively, of the total of species, genera or families of plants in Lanshan Mountain. In terms of life form, the woody medicinal lianas (99 species) outnumber the herbaceous medicinal vine plants (29 species), accounting for 77.34% and 22.66%, respectively, of the total number of wild medicinal liana in Langshan, Hunan. Among all these medicinal liana, Fujimoto wild medicinal ferns and gymnosperms are relatively rare, while the majority are wild medicinal Fujimoto angiosperms, which is dominated by Fujimoto Douko leaves of plants. In terms of composition, genera outnumber families. The dominant families include Vitaceae, Papilionaceae, Celastraceae, and Rubiaceae, while the dominant genera include Clematis, Rubus, Lonicera, Kadsura, and Smilax. The floristic composition shows an obvious tropical nature, including 49 genera which account for 67.12% of the total genera. There is 1 species of national rare and endangered plant, 8 species of national key protected plants and 2 species of the first batch of national key protected wild medicinal materials. In terms of the medicinal plants, the medicinal vine plants with root, rhizome and leaf dominate, accounting for 69.53%, 29.69% and 27.34%, respectively, of the total of medicinal vine plants. In terms of the medicinal effect, the vine plants which are used to treat rheumatism, to activate blood circulation and remove blood stasis, or to clear heat, account for 57.03%, 47.66% and 43.75%, respectively, of the total of medicinal vine plants. Suggestions have been put forward for the purpose of protecting and exploiting wide medicinal liana resources in the “Danxia” geomorphological area of Langshan Mountain, providing a reference basis for sustainable use of these resources in this region.