不同水分条件下冬小麦灌浆期茎叶可溶性碳水化合物积累转运与籽粒灌浆的关系

doi:10.11686/cyxb20140408

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以抗旱性有显著差异的两个冬小麦品种为材料,在干旱胁迫和正常灌溉条件下,研究了小麦灌浆期主茎旗叶和不同节位可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)积累转运与籽粒灌浆的关系。结果表明,小麦不同器官WSC含量,WSC转运率、WSC贡献率、主穗粒重和灌浆速率均受水分环境、发育阶段和/或器官更为显著的调控,但不同因子对各性状表型影响具有显著的特异性。小麦灌浆期不同器官WSC含量均呈现先升后降趋势。在干旱胁迫条件下,抗旱品种陇鉴19不同器官WSC含量峰值时间与正常灌溉相同,均在花后18 d,而水分敏感品种Q9086在花后12 d。干旱胁迫显著提高了不同器官WSC含量,促进了花前WSC转运,及其对籽粒粒重的贡献,其效应在陇鉴19主茎穗下节和倒二节更为显著,其WSC含量分别高达196.83和242.35 mg/g DW,WSC转运率高达66.15%和63.21%,WSC贡献率高达12.48%和8.67%。干旱胁迫缩短了籽粒灌浆进程,但陇鉴19较Q9086仍保持较高的灌浆速率和较大主穗粒重。小麦不同器官WSC含量与主穗灌浆速率以及WSC转运率与贡献率均呈正相关,且在干旱胁迫条件下,这种相关性更高。说明,干旱胁迫能促进小麦各器官WSC积累和转运,尤其是花前在穗下节和倒二节积累更多的WSC对补偿籽粒灌浆具有重要作用。

Abstract: Two winter wheat cultivars with different drought tolerance were performed to investigate the relationship between the grain filling and the accumulation and remobilization of water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) in flag leaves and different internodes of main stems during the grain filling in the drought stress (DS) and well watered (WW) conditions. Such tested traits as WSC contents,WSC remobilization rates and WSC contribution rates of different organs,grain weight and grain-filling rate were more significantly affected by the water condition,growth stage and/or organ,whereas different tested traits showed significant specificity in response to above-mentioned factors. The variation trend in WSC contents of different organs was of a rise first and then fall during the grain filling. The maximum WSC content of drought-tolerant cultivar Longjian 19 occurred on 18 DAA (days after anthesis) under both the DS and the WW,while did on 12 DAA in water-sensitive cultivar Q9086 in the DS. The DS might substantially increase WSC accumulation in different organs and improve WSC contribution rates to grain weight by remobilizing WSC built up in different organs during the pre-anthesis. The profit was more conducted in peduncle and penultimate internodes of Longjian 19. In this case,WSC contents,in turn,were up to 196.83 and 242.35 mg/g DW,WSC remobilization rates reached to 66.15% and 63.21%,and WSC contribution rates were up to a maximum of 12.48% and 8.67%,respectively. Although the DS shortened the course of grain filling,Longjian 19 still performed higher grain-filling rate and greater grain weight of main spikes. Positive correlations were found not only between WSC contents of different organs and grain-filling rates of main spikes,but also between WSC remobilization rates and its contribution rates. Furthermore,these correlations were significantly higher under the DS than the WW condition. It indicated that drought stress could enhance the accumulation and remobilization of WSC of different organs in wheat,and more buildup of WSC in peduncle and penultimate internodes might play an important role in compensating grain filling under the DS.

中图分类号:

S512.1⁺1

马召朋，栗孟飞，杨德龙，陈晓平，陈菁菁，刘媛，李唯. 不同水分条件下冬小麦灌浆期茎叶可溶性碳水化合物积累转运与籽粒灌浆的关系[J]. 草业学报, 2014, 23(4): 68-78.

MA Zhao-peng,LI Meng-fei,YANG De-long,CHEN Xiao-ping,CHEN Jing-jing,LIU Yuan,LI Wei. Relationship between grain filling and accumulation and remobilization of water soluble carbohydrates in leaf and stem of winter wheat during the grain filling in different water conditions[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(4): 68-78.

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