放牧对草原生态系统不同气候区碳库影响的Meta分析

doi:10.11686/cyxb2015579

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 草原生态系统碳库变化对全球碳平衡有着重要作用。近年来,尽管在全球尺度上开展了大量关于放牧对草原生态系统碳循环影响的独立研究,但放牧活动对草原生态系统不同碳库影响的一般规律认识仍然存在广泛争议。本研究采用整合分析方法对全球105篇关于放牧干扰对草原生态系统碳循环影响的文献进行系统研究。结果表明,放牧活动显著减少了植物地上和地下以及相关碳库的大小,而对土壤呼吸通量有明显的促进作用;不同类型碳库在不同气候带上响应存在明显差别,放牧对半湿润/湿润区地下植物碳库和土壤碳库减少幅度分别为15.21%和15.35%,显著高于干旱/半干旱地区响应比;植物地上部分碳库与土壤碳库之间没有显著关系,而植物地下部分碳库与土壤碳库之间呈显著正相关;土壤碳库响应比与年平均降水量呈正相关关系,而与年平均温度呈显著负相关;植物地下碳库响应比与年平均降水量和年平均温度均呈现显著负相关关系;放牧活动不仅显著地减少了植物地上和地下以及相关碳库的大小,还改变了植物的碳库分配。

Abstract: Changes in carbon stocks in grassland ecosystems are an important factor in the global carbon balance. Although many individual studies have been conducted around the world on the effects of grazing on carbon cycling, there is still some controversy regarding the general effects of livestock grazing on different carbon pools. In this study, 105 individual studies on the effects of grazing on carbon cycling were subjected to a meta-analysis. Our results revealed several general trends, which can be summarized as follows. Grazing activities significantly decrease the size of above-belowground and related carbon pools, but increase soil respiration. The types of carbon pools vary significantly among climate types. Grazing activities decrease the size of plant belowground carbon pools and soil carbon pools in semi-humid/humid climate regions (by 15.21% and 15.35%, respectively), but have smaller effects on these carbon pools in arid/semi-arid climate regions. There is no significant relationship between plant aboveground carbon pools and soil carbon pools, but there is a significant positive correlation between plant belowground carbon pools and soil carbon pools. The response ratio of soil carbon pools is positively correlated with mean annual precipitation, and significantly negatively correlated with mean annual temperature. Both mean annual precipitation and mean annual temperature are significantly negatively correlated with the response of plant belowground carbon pools. Grazing activities not only significantly decrease the size of plant aboveground and belowground carbon pools, but also alter carbon distribution in the plant.

周贵尧, 吴沿友. 放牧对草原生态系统不同气候区碳库影响的Meta分析[J]. 草业学报, 2016, 25(10): 1-10.

ZHOU Gui-Yao, WU Yan-You. Meta-analysis of effects of grazing on carbon pools in grassland ecosystems in different climatic regions[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2016, 25(10): 1-10.

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