氮素对紫花苜蓿种子产量与氮累积动态变化的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2016265

草业学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (6): 98-104.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2016265

氮素对紫花苜蓿种子产量与氮累积动态变化的影响

陈玲玲^1,2, 任伟³, 毛培胜^1,*, 乌仁图雅², 王胜男², 梁庆伟²

1.中国农业大学草业科学系,草业科学北京市重点实验室,北京 100193;
2.赤峰市农牧科学研究院,内蒙古赤峰 024031;
3.吉林省农业科学院畜牧科学分院,吉林公主岭136100

收稿日期:2016-06-27 修回日期:2017-01-10 出版日期:2017-06-20 发布日期:2017-06-20
通讯作者: E-mail: maops@cau.edu.cn
作者简介:陈玲玲(1982-),女,蒙古族,内蒙古赤峰人,在读博士。E-mail: chenlingling001@126.com
基金资助:
现代牧草产业技术体系(CARS-35)资助

Effects of nitrogen application on seed yield and nitrogen accumulation in alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

CHEN Ling-Ling^1,2, REN Wei³, MAO Pei-Sheng^1,*, WU Ren-Tu-Ya², WANG Sheng-Nan², LIANG Qing-Wei²

1.Department of Grassland Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Grassland Science, Beijing 100193, China;
2.Chifeng Academy of Agricultural and Animal Sciences, Chifeng 024031, China;
3.Animal Science Branch, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling 136100, China

Received:2016-06-27 Revised:2017-01-10 Online:2017-06-20 Published:2017-06-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究紫花苜蓿种子生产过程中氮素吸收、分配及利用规律,探索合理的施氮肥措施,通过田间试验研究了不同氮素处理(0,45,90 和135 kg N/hm²)对敖汉苜蓿和公农1号苜蓿氮素累积量、生殖器官氮素累积量及氮素分配率的动态变化以及种子产量、质量及氮素收获指数的影响。结果表明,两个紫花苜蓿品种的种子产量和氮素收获指数都随着施氮量的增加而降低,但是结荚率、单株粒重、千粒重和种子质量却随着施氮量的增加而提高。两个苜蓿品种的氮素累积量及氮素分配率的动态变化表现不一致。根据两个苜蓿品种需氮规律可得出,在返青期一次性施氮肥不能满足紫花苜蓿的需氮规律。其合理的施肥措施是:敖汉苜蓿在现蕾期追施45 kg N/hm²,开花期不施,结荚期补施90 kg N/hm²;公农1号苜蓿在现蕾期不施肥,开花期追施45 kg N/hm²,结荚期补施45 kg N/hm²。研究结果初步确定了赤峰地区苜蓿种子生产田的需氮肥规律及适宜施氮量,为苜蓿种子生产过程中氮肥的合理施用提供了基础数据。

Abstract: To investigate nitrogen (N) uptake, N fertilizer management and N utilization in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) seed crops a field experiment with four N treatments (0, 45, 90, and 135 kg N/ha) and two alfalfa cultivars, Aohan and Gongnong No.1 was established to compare the effects of N application on seed yield, seed quality, N harvest index and the dynamics of N accumulation and distribution in alfalfa plants. The results showed that the seed yield and N harvest index were decreased while the pod setting rate, seed weight per plant, 1000 seed weight and seed quality of both cultivars were increased with increased N application. The dynamic changes of N accumulation and distribution were influenced by cultivar. The optimum N application rate for Aohan was 45 kg N/ha at the budding stage and 90 kg N/ha at the podding stage whereas the optimum N application rate for Gongnong No.1 was 45 kg N/ha at flowering stage and 45 kg N/ha at podding stage. The initial results confirmed the value of N fertilizer application and the regulation of N fertilizer requirements in alfalfa seed crops in the Chifeng area, and provided useful information for the determination of appropriate N fertilizer use in alfalfa seed crops.

陈玲玲, 任伟, 毛培胜, 乌仁图雅, 王胜男, 梁庆伟. 氮素对紫花苜蓿种子产量与氮累积动态变化的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2017, 26(6): 98-104.

CHEN Ling-Ling, REN Wei, MAO Pei-Sheng, WU Ren-Tu-Ya, WANG Sheng-Nan, LIANG Qing-Wei. Effects of nitrogen application on seed yield and nitrogen accumulation in alfalfa (Medicago sativa)[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2017, 26(6): 98-104.

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氮素对紫花苜蓿种子产量与氮累积动态变化的影响

Effects of nitrogen application on seed yield and nitrogen accumulation in alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

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