直接法和回归法测定玉米青贮对肉牛有效能值的研究

doi:10.11686/cyxb2017019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在应用直接法和回归法测定肉牛玉米青贮的消化能、代谢能和净能值,并探讨精料回归法用于估测肉牛单一粗饲料原料能值的可行性。试验选取12头体况良好、体重相近[(259±14.08) kg]的生长期公牛,随机分为3组,每组4头牛。分两期试验进行,试验一按试验牛自由采食量的95%、80%和60%3个水平饲喂全玉米青贮日粮;试验二在固定玉米青贮投喂量的基础上,各组分别按青贮饲喂量的15%、25%和50%(干物质基础)添加精料补充料。试验每期14 d,其中前10 d为预饲期,后4 d为正试期。正试期消化代谢和呼吸代谢试验同期进行,测定玉米青贮对肉牛能量代谢规律。结果表明:1)肉牛对全玉米青贮日粮的各种营养物质消化率和能量消化率及代谢率随饲喂水平的提高总体逐渐降低;肉牛能量采食量(总能、消化能、代谢能和净能)随饲喂水平的提高逐渐升高,组间差异显著(P<0.05)。2)玉米青贮对肉牛的消化能、代谢能和净能值随着饲喂水平的提高呈下降趋势,各有效能值变化范围分别为10.58~11.48 MJ/kg,8.33~9.44 MJ/kg和5.20~6.21 MJ/kg。3)添加精料补充料显著提高了肉牛对日粮的干物质采食量和粗蛋白消化率(P<0.05),而洗涤纤维消化率精料添加比例组间差异不明显(P>0.05);随着精料添加比例的增加,肉牛对日粮的能量采食量(总能、消化能、代谢能和净能)和能量消化率及代谢率逐渐上升,消化能代谢率各组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)根据试验日粮有效能值与精料添加量之间的关系建立线性回归方程后,外推估测得玉米青贮的消化能、代谢能和净能值分别为10.53 MJ/kg、8.29 MJ/kg和5.35 MJ/kg,与95%饲喂水平组直接测定结果(10.58 MJ/kg、8.33 MJ/kg和5.20 MJ/kg)差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,回归法测定玉米青贮对肉牛的有效能值与直接法测定结果差异不明显,精料回归法可以用于估测肉牛单一粗饲料的有效能值。

Abstract: A study was conducted to determine the digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy (NE) values of corn silage for beef cattle by direct and regression methods. The study sought to determine the feasibility of estimating the effective energy value of a single roughage using regression techniques. Twelve bulls with similar body weight [(259±14.08) kg] were randomly divided into three groups of four. In experiment 1, bulls were fed a full corn silage diet at 3 levels of feed intake: 95%, 80% and 60% of ad libitum intake (AL). In experiment 2, bulls were fed corn silage diets with concentrate added at 3 different ratios (15%, 25% and 50% respectively). Each experiment lasted for 14 days, including a 10-d pretest period and a 4-d test period. Digestibility and respirometry tests were conducted to determine the energy metabolism of corn silage for beef cattle. The results were as follows: 1) With increasing feed intake, the nutrient digestibility, energy digestibility and metabolizability of the full corn silage diet decreased, whereas energy intake improved significantly (P<0.05). 2) The DE, ME and NE values of corn silage tended to decrease with increasing levels of feed intake, with the decreases ranging from 10.58-11.48 MJ/kg, 8.33-9.44 MJ/kg and 5.20-6.21 MJ/kg respectively. 3) Adding concentrate to corn silage significantly improved the diet’s dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) digestibility, whereas it did not affect the digestibility of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) (P>0.05). With increasing concentrate additions, the diet’s energy intake and energy digestibility increased, whereas there were no significant differences in DE metabolizability between the three groups (P>0.05). 4) According to the linear regression equations for dietary available energy value and concentrate addition, the DE, ME and NE values for corn silage were 10.53 MJ/kg, 8.29 MJ/kg and 5.35 MJ/kg, which were not different (P>0.05) from those obtained using the direct method (10.58 MJ/kg, 8.33 MJ/kg and 5.20 MJ/kg respectively) for the high level intake treatment (95% AL). In conclusion, regression and direct methods do not give different values for the effective energy value of corn silage for beef cattle, indicating that regression can be used to estimate the value of single roughage for beef cattle.

魏明, 崔志浩, 陈志强, 郑月, 颜培实. 直接法和回归法测定玉米青贮对肉牛有效能值的研究[J]. 草业学报, 2017, 26(11): 113-122.

WEI Ming, CUI Zhi-Hao, CHEN Zhi-Qiang, ZHENG Yue, YAN Pei-Shi. Comparing the calculation of corn silage’s effective energy value for beef cattle using direct and regression methods[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2017, 26(11): 113-122.

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