Abstract: A series of techniques including the analysis of variance, χ²-test, Spearman rank correlation and Jaccard Index based on a 2×2 contingency table were used to determine the interspecific association of the 20 dominant bryophytes and vascular plants in the Hani Peatland of Changbai Mountain. Our Results indicate that in open areas the interspecific associations are similar between Sphagnum magellanicum,S. fuscum,Polytrichum juniperinum and three vascular plants including Rhododendron parvifolium, Smilacina japonica, Ledum palustre var. ngustum. In contrast, at the forest edge the interspecific associations between S. capilifolium,S. fallax and vascular plants are mainly negative. The relationships between bryophytes and vascular plants at the forest edge are significantly positive, but are not significantly positive in open areas. Through a comparison of interspecific associations in the two habitats, we found that canopy density was an important environmental factor that influenced vegetation distribution patterns in Hani Peatland. Furthermore, in one habitat the species-pairs with larger plant important values appear to have a positive association and the species-pairs which have significantly different plant important values in the two habitats appear to have a negative association.