生荒地氮磷配施对苦参苗生长和苦参总碱含量的影响

草业学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (3): 102-109.

生荒地氮磷配施对苦参苗生长和苦参总碱含量的影响

蔺海明¹,纪瑛^2*,王斌²,杜彦斌²

1.甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州 730070;
2.甘肃农业职业技术学院,甘肃兰州 730020

收稿日期:2009-05-11 出版日期:2010-03-25 发布日期:2010-06-20
作者简介:蔺海明(1953-),男,甘肃甘谷人,研究员,博士生导师。E-mail:linhm@gsau.edu.cn
基金资助:
甘肃省科技攻关项目(2GS064-A43-019-08)资助

Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on seedling growth and total alkaloids of Sophora flavescens

LIN Hai-ming¹, JI Ying², WANG Bin², DU Yan-bin²

1.College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;

2.Gansu Agricultural College, Lanzhou 730020, China

Received:2009-05-11 Online:2010-03-25 Published:2010-06-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究生荒地氮磷配施对苦参苗生长和苦参总碱含量的影响。纯氮(N)施用量设0,38,75,150kg/hm²四个水平,纯磷(P₂O₅)施用量设0,23,45kg/hm²三个水平,二因素随机区组设计。结果表明,生荒地氮磷配施对苦参苗生长有显著促进效应,氮和磷互作效应显著。施氮量150kg/hm²和施磷量23kg/hm²配合时株高、根芽数、苗鲜重、根鲜重和根干重最高,依次较对照(N0kg/hm²和P₂O₅0kg/hm²)增加27.1％,31.7％,123.2％,104.8％,120.0％(P≤0.05);根直径和木部直径较对照增加26.4％,39.8％(P≤0.05);单株小叶数、小叶叶面积、单株叶面积、小叶鲜重和小叶干重分别较对照增加50.9％,79.8％,168.0％,58.5％,87.1％(P≤0.05)。生荒地氮磷配施对苦参苗叶绿素和苦参总碱有显著促进效应。各处理叶绿素含量均与对照差异显著,其中施氮量75kg/hm²和施磷量45kg/hm²配合处理的叶绿素和苦参总碱含量最高,分别较对照增加80.3％,71.0％(P≤0.05)。综合分析表明,生荒地中等施氮量(75kg/hm²)和高施氮量(150kg/hm²)与低施磷量(23kg/hm²)配合施用时能获得较高的苦参苗产量。

Abstract: The effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) on seedling growth, chlorophyll, Chl concentration, total alkaloids concentration and total alkaloids yield of Sophora flavescens was studied. Four levels of N were applied at the rates of 0 (Control), 38, 75, and 150 kg/hm² using urea (N 46%) fertilizer, and three levels of P at 0 (Control), 23, and 45 kg/hm² using single superphosphate (P₂O₅ 12%) in a virgin land test. Seedling stem height, bud numbers, plant fresh weight, root fresh weight, and root dry weight of S. flavescens increased significantly when N and P were applied. The interaction of nitrogen and phosphorus was significant. The treatment of 150 kg/hm² N and 23 kg/hm² P led to significantly (P≤0.05) greater stem height, bud numbers, plant fresh weight, root fresh weight and root dry weight than the control (increases of 27.1%,31.7%,123.2%,104.8%, and 120.0% respectively). The results for the treatment of 75 kg/hm² N and 23 kg/hm² P were close to these. Root dry weight/root fresh weight and root dry weight/total plant dry weight increased with P applied. The root diameter and the xylem diameter were greatest with 150 kg/hm² N and 23 kg/hm² P applied, increasing by 26.4% and 39.8% respectively compared with the control (P≤0.05). There was a significant positive effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on root bark thickness which increased with N and P applied to a maximum at 45 kg/hm² P applied. The treatment of 150 kg/hm² N and 23 kg/hm² P led to significantly (P≤0.05) greater leaflet numbers per plant, leaflet area, plant area, leaflet fresh weight, leaflet dry weight than the control (50.9%, 79.8%, 168.0%, 58.5%, and 87.1% respectively). There were positive effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on seedling Chl concentration, total alkaloids concentration and total alkaloids yield of S. flavescens. Chl concentration and total alkaloids concentration were greatest with 75 kg/hm² N and 45 kg/hm² P applied, increasing by 80.3% and 71.0% respectively compared with the control (P≤0.05). It is proposed that the positive effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on root dry weight is due to the positive effect on main root dry weight, and that the root diameter increased with N and P applied due to the increase in xylem diameter and root bark depth, and that total alkaloids concentration increased with N and P applied due to the increase in Chl concentration.

中图分类号:

S567.5⁺30.62

蔺海明,纪瑛,王斌,杜彦斌. 生荒地氮磷配施对苦参苗生长和苦参总碱含量的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2010, 19(3): 102-109.

LIN Hai-ming, JI Ying, WANG Bin, DU Yan-bin. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on seedling growth and total alkaloids of Sophora flavescens[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2010, 19(3): 102-109.

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