青藏高原“黑土滩”退化草地植物和土壤对秃斑面积变化的响应

草业学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (1): 1-6.

• 研究论文 • 下一篇

青藏高原“黑土滩”退化草地植物和土壤对秃斑面积变化的响应

韩立辉¹,尚占环^2,3*,任国华²,王彦龙⁴,马玉寿⁴,李希来¹,龙瑞军²

1.青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016;
2.兰州大学青藏高原生态系统管理国际中心兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州 730020;
3.中国科学院青藏高原研究所,北京 100085;
4.青海畜牧兽医科学院草原研究所,青海西宁 810016

出版日期:2011-02-22 发布日期:2011-02-22
通讯作者: E-mail:shangzhh@lzu.edu.cn
作者简介:韩立辉(1984-),男,河北石家庄人,在读硕士。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(30600426,30730069,30760160)资助。

The response of plants and soil on black soil patch of the Qinghai-Tibetan
Plateau to variation of bare-patch areas

MA Yu-shou⁴, LI Xi-lai¹, LONG Rui-jun²

1.College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
2.International
Center for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and
Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China;
3.Institution of Tibetan Plateau
Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100085, China;
4.Grassland Institute,
Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Xining 810016, China

Online:2011-02-22 Published:2011-02-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在青藏高原典型“黑土滩”区对93个秃斑块及周边的土壤和植被特征以及变化规律进行了调查分析。结果表明,高寒草地草毡层消失后形成的“黑土滩”秃斑在草地中形成一个“负肥力岛”,秃斑块内土壤养分低于秃斑周边有草皮层覆盖的草地,其中全氮、铵态氮、有机碳差异显著;同时秃斑内pH显著高于秃斑块外水平,秃斑块是草地养分流失的通道。当秃斑面积大于5 m²时,秃斑块与周边景观异质性降低。秃斑内植物物种饱和度为20~25种,显著低于有草毡层覆盖的草地。秃斑内主要毒杂草铁棒锤和细裂叶莲蒿与秃斑块面积呈线性正相关,鼠洞个数与秃斑块面积亦呈线性正相关。

Abstract: Characteristics and variation of soil and vegetation in and surrounding, 93 bare patches of a typical “black soil patch” area of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau were investigated. Bare-patches formed “negative fertile islands” after sod layers breaking off in alpine meadows, i.e. soil nutrients in bare-patches were lower than those in the surroundings. There were obvious differences in total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, and organic carbon between the two parts. The pH values of bare patches were higher than those of the surroundings, so meadows lose nutrients in bare patches. If the bare-patch was more than 5 m², the heterogeneity was reduced compared with the surroundings. The maximum number of plant species in bare-patches was 20 to 25, considerably lower than that of the grassland covered with a sod layer. The major toxic weeds, Aconitum pendulum and Carum carvi, in the bare-patches had a linear positive correlation with the bare-patch area, and the number of rat holes was also linearly positively related to the bare-patch area.

中图分类号:

韩立辉,尚占环,任国华,王彦龙,马玉寿,李希来,龙瑞军. 青藏高原“黑土滩”退化草地植物和土壤对秃斑面积变化的响应[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(1): 1-6.

MA Yu-shou, LI Xi-lai, LONG Rui-jun. The response of plants and soil on black soil patch of the Qinghai-Tibetan
Plateau to variation of bare-patch areas[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2011, 20(1): 1-6.

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青藏高原“黑土滩”退化草地植物和土壤对秃斑面积变化的响应

The response of plants and soil on black soil patch of the Qinghai-Tibetan
Plateau to variation of bare-patch areas

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青藏高原“黑土滩”退化草地植物和土壤对秃斑面积变化的响应

The response of plants and soil on black soil patch of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau to variation of bare-patch areas

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