能值方法与存在问题分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 能值评价是以能量为工具分析开放系统热力学的一种环境会计方法,它用能值为统一标尺衡量不同质别的能量,是以生态-经济为中心的评价方法。笔者讨论了能值的基本概念、工作流程和草业内涵,比较了国内外研究的异同,指出国内研究需加强能值理论的研究,与国际同行一道完善、加速发展能值的方法论。从能值量化、最大功率原则、能值时间尺度、能值配置、能值与其他热力学参量间关系,以及能值与经济学关系等方面分析了能值基本特征和主要存在问题。虽然能值分析能解决很多其他评估方法不能量化产品与生态服务,但总体上方法过于简化、容易产生误导和评估结果不准确等缺陷,需要理论与方法论的协调发展。分析认为,选择合适参数,进行能值量化,能值综合评价方法,能值与其他热力学参量间关系明晰,能值形成过程时间尺度分析等,可能成为未来能值分析的主要研究方向。

Abstract: Energy provides power for all the ecosystems. Emergy evaluation is a kind of environmental accounting method used for analyzing thermodynamics in open systems based on energy, which uses emergy as the standard to measure different forms of energy and focuses on ecological and economic benefit. This paper introduces the background for the emergence of energy analysis method, its concepts and pastoral connotative, summarizes the advances of the study on energy analysis method, and analyses the essential features and problems in energy analysis from the following six seven aspects: Quantization emergy, maximize emergy, time scales of emergy, distribution of emergy, relation between emergy and thermodynamic parameters, emergy and economics. It indicates that the energy analysis methods which were used in the past have some limitations such as, the method is too simplification and can result in misleading and inaccurate results, although energy analysis bases on the law of thermodynamics, system theory and theoretical ecology, that can quantize the ecosystem service values of the products for human beings survives which is difficult for many other evaluation methods to accomplishing. Therefore, further improvement and development are also awaited in energy analysis method. By the comprehensive analyzing, the main research interests for emergy evaluation in the future are select proper parameter, quantize emergy, comprehensive emergy evaluation methods, clear the relationships between emergy and thermodynamic parameters, and the process of emergy formation in time scales.

中图分类号:

Q947
S181

魏胜文,陈先江,张岩,于应文,牛俊义. 能值方法与存在问题分析[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(2): 270-277.

WEI Sheng-wen, CHEN Xian-jiang, ZHANG Yan, YU Ying-wen, NIU Jun-yi. Discussion to the emergy evaluation analysis method[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2011, 20(2): 270-277.

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