甘肃省马铃薯坏疽病鉴定及其病原生物学特性研究

草业学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (2): 123-131.

甘肃省马铃薯坏疽病鉴定及其病原生物学特性研究

姜红霞^1,2,杨成德³,薛莉³,蒲崇建²,陈秀蓉^3*,尚勋武^1*,李昌盛²

1.甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州 730070;
2.甘肃省植保植检站,甘肃兰州 730020;
3.甘肃农业大学草业学院草业生态系统教育部重点实验室甘肃省草业工程实验室中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州 730070

收稿日期:2012-11-02 出版日期:2013-02-25 发布日期:2013-04-20
通讯作者: E-mail:chengxiurong@gsau.edu.cn,shangxunwu@163.com
作者简介:姜红霞(1977-),女,甘肃武威人,农艺师,在读博士, E-mail:jianghx1913@163.com
基金资助:
甘肃省农牧厅项目资助。

Identification and biological characteristics of the pathogen causing the potato gangrene in Gansu Province

JIANG Hong-xia^1,2, YANG Cheng-de³, XUE Li³, PU Chong-jian², CHEN Xiu-rong³, SHANG Xun-wu¹,LI Chang-sheng²

1.College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultral University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
2.The Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730020, China;
3.College of Grassland, Gansu Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Center for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability, Lanzhou 730070, China

Received:2012-11-02 Online:2013-02-25 Published:2013-04-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本试验研究了马铃薯坏疽病的症状及病原形态等。结果表明,该病害在块茎上形成圆形、椭圆形或不规则形的凹陷病斑,病斑呈土黄色至淡紫色,大小约1~3 cm,其中央有小黑点。从甘肃省采集到的马铃薯坏疽病26份标样中分离得到8个茎点霉属真菌分离物,经形态特征比对和致病性测定鉴定为同一种真菌分离物,且在症状特征、病原形态学、生化特征及ITS序列分析基础上鉴定该病原物为Phoma foveata;30%丙环唑·苯醚甲环唑、35%多菌灵磺酸盐、5%菌毒清、10%苯醚甲环唑、32.5%苯醚甲环唑·嘧菌酯等对马铃薯坏疽病菌抑菌能力较强,其EC₅₀值分别为2.43×10^-5, 1.77×10^-2, 7.40×10^-2, 1.31×10^-1和2.31×10^-1 μg/mL;该病原菌菌丝生长速率及分生孢子萌发率均在20℃最高;在不同培养基上菌落形态及生长速率有差异,但在PDA培养基上生长最快;其分生孢子在pH值为3~10时均可萌发,但pH为6时分生孢子萌发率最高;本研究为国内首次详细报道该病害,该结果为甘肃省有效控制马铃薯坏疽病害提供了依据。

Abstract: Studied on the symptoms, pathogenic morphology of potato gangrene, the results showed that the symptoms of potato tubers were round, oval, or irregular, sunken lesions formed at the umbilicus or buds. These lesions gradually expanded to form khaki, lavender sunken lesions, in size from 1 to 3 cm. Small black bodies were observed in the center of the lesions. Isolates of Phoma spp. were isolated and purified from twenty-six samples of tuber rot of potatoes in Gansu Province. The morphologic characteristics, pathogenicity, symptoms, biochemistry characteristics and ITS sequence analysis of isolates all suggested they were Phoma foveata, which showed the rot of potatoes was caused by the P. foveata and the disease named gangrene. 30% propiconazole·difenoconazole, 35% carbendazim sulfonate, 5% Junduqing, 10% difenoconazoleyl and 32.5% difenoconazole·azoxystrobin had a better inhibiting action to P. foveata and the EC₅₀ were 2.43×10^-5, 1.77×10^-2, 7.40×10^-2, 1.31×10^-2 and 2.31×10^-1 μg/mL, respectively. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth and conidia germination were 20℃. There were difference on the color, size and edge of colony among different media, but the PDA media was the optimum for mycelial growth. The conidia could germinate under pH 3-10, and pH 6 was the suitable range for germination. The paper was the first report for potato gangrene in China and the results helped to control this disease in Gansu Province.

中图分类号:

姜红霞,杨成德,薛莉,蒲崇建,陈秀蓉,尚勋武,李昌盛. 甘肃省马铃薯坏疽病鉴定及其病原生物学特性研究[J]. 草业学报, 2013, 22(2): 123-131.

JIANG Hong-xia, YANG Cheng-de, XUE Li, PU Chong-jian, CHEN Xiu-rong, SHANG Xun-wu,LI Chang-sheng. Identification and biological characteristics of the pathogen causing the potato gangrene in Gansu Province[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2013, 22(2): 123-131.

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