连作条件下间作模式对当归生长特性和产量的影响

草业学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (2): 54-61.

连作条件下间作模式对当归生长特性和产量的影响

王田涛^1,2,王琦³,王惠珍⁴,张恩和^1,2*

1.甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,甘肃兰州 730070;
2.甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州 730070;
3.甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州 730070;
4.甘肃中医学院,甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2012-10-24 出版日期:2013-02-25 发布日期:2013-04-20
通讯作者: E-mail:zhangeh@gsau.edu.cn
作者简介:王田涛(1986-),男,河南商丘人,在读博士。E-mail:wangtian19862003@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31060182)和甘肃省农业生物技术研究与应用开发项目(GNSW-2010-18)资助。

Effects of intercropping patterns on growth characters and yield of Angelica sinensis under continuous mono-cropping planting

WANG Tian-tao^1,2, WANG Qi³, WANG Hui-zhen⁴, ZHANG En-he^1,2

1.Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou 730070, China;
2.Agronomy College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
3.College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
4.Gansu College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2012-10-24 Online:2013-02-25 Published:2013-04-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为缓解当归连作障碍问题,在甘肃省岷县连作2年当归田,设置当归与油菜、蚕豆、大蒜、小麦和燕麦5种植物间作种植试验,以当归单作为对照,测定不同时期当归生长发育状况及产量,探讨利用作物间作缓解当归连作障碍的可行性。结果表明,在各生育时期,当归/大蒜的当归株高最高。在当归苗期和根膨大期,当归/大蒜的当归地上部干物质重比单作当归分别高31.51%和21.28%;在当归苗期、根膨大期和收获期,当归/大蒜的当归地下部干物质重比单作当归分别高25.00%,36.65%和54.75%。在苗期、根膨大期和收获期,当归/大蒜的当归根茎粗分别比单作当归提高12.26%,4.80%和24.38%。当归/燕麦对各生育期当归地上和地下部干物质具有明显抑制作用,并且其抑制作用最强。油菜、蚕豆、大蒜、小麦、燕麦与当归间作的麻口病发病率分别比当归单作降低46.05%,43.31%,25.24%,2.34%和12.82%。当归/大蒜的一等归出成率和二等归出成率比当归单作分别提高118.62%和27.82%。当归/大蒜的当归产量(1 946.53 kg/hm²)比当归/油菜、当归/蚕豆、当归/小麦、当归/燕麦和当归单作分别提高67.29%,143.31%,207.57%,683.06%和34.71%。不同间作模式对当归出苗率和抽薹率产生影响,但影响不显著。当归/大蒜能提高当归产量和优等归出成率,并能适当减少当归麻口病,因此当归/大蒜对减缓当归连作障碍有一定作用。

Abstract: In order to alleviate or overcome obstacles of continuous mono-cropping in Angelica sinensis planting, a controlled study was conducted on 2 years continuous mono-cropping of A. sinensis planting filed in Min County, Gansu Province at 2011. The five intercropping patterns were angelica/rape, angelica/broad bean, angelica/garlic, angelica/wheat and angelica/oat, respectively, and mono-cropping angelica was concerned as a control. The growth characters and yield of A. sinensis were studied under the 6 cropping patterns. The plant height of angelica was the highest in angelica/garlic planting at all the growth stages among all treatments. At the seedling and rootstock thickening stage, increases of dry matter of angelica above ground under angelica/garlic planting were 31.51% and 21.28%, respectively, compared with mono-cropping angelica planting. At the seedling, rootstock thickening and harvesting stage, increases of dry matter of angelica underground under angelica/garlic planting were 25.00%, 36.65% and 54.75%, respectively, and increases of root stem diameter of angelica under angelica/garlic planting were 12.26%,4.80% and 24.38%, respectively, compared with mono-cropping angelica planting. The dry matter of angelica above ground and underground decreased under angelica/oat planting. Compared with mono-cropping angelica planting, decreases of incidence of angelica Ditylenchus destructor were 46.05%, 43.31%, 25.24%, 2.34% and 12.82%, respectively, under angelica/rape, angelica/broad bean, angelica/garlic, angelica/wheat and angelica/oat planting, and increases of the first-class and the second-class of angelica were 118.62% and 27.82% under angelica/garlic planting. Yields of angelica reached 1 946 kg/hm² under angelica/garlic planting, and increases of yields of angelica under angelica/garlic planting were 67.29%, 143.31%, 207.57%, 683.06% and 34.71%, respectively, compared with angelica/rape, angelica/broad bean, angelica/wheat, angelica/oat and mono-cropping angelica planting. Intercropping patterns had effects on the emergence rate and bolting percentage of angelica, but the effects were not significant. The intercropping pattern of angelica/garlic planting increased the yields, the first-class and the second-class of angelic, and decreased the incidence of D. destructor, so the angelica/garlic planting was the best intercropping pattern to alleviate or overcome the obstacles of continuous mono-cropping in A. sinensis planting in Min County, Gansu Province.

中图分类号:

王田涛,王琦,王惠珍,张恩和. 连作条件下间作模式对当归生长特性和产量的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2013, 22(2): 54-61.

WANG Tian-tao, WANG Qi, WANG Hui-zhen, ZHANG En-he. Effects of intercropping patterns on growth characters and yield of Angelica sinensis under continuous mono-cropping planting[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2013, 22(2): 54-61.

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