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草业学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (4): 257-265.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20130431

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

典型草原家庭牧场草地资源利用行为分异机制及管理策略研究

何欣1,牛建明1,3*,郭晓川2,3,张庆1   

  1. 1.内蒙古大学生命科学学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010021;
    2.内蒙古大学经济管理学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010021;
    3.中美生态、能源及可持续性科学研究中心,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010021
  • 出版日期:2013-08-20 发布日期:2013-08-20
  • 通讯作者: E-mail:jmniu2005@163.com
  • 作者简介:何欣(1973-),女,内蒙古包头人,中级经济师,在读博士。E-mail:hexin627@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2012CB722201),国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAC07B01),国家自然科学基金(31060320)和现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助。

The behavior differentiation mechanisms of grassland resource utilization and management
strategies of households in a typical steppe region

HE Xin1, NIU Jian-ming1,3, GUO Xiao-chuan2,3, ZHANG Qing1   

  1. 1.College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China;
    2.School of Economics and Management, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China;
    3.Sino-US Center for Conservation, Energy and Sustainability Science, Hohhot 010021, China
  • Online:2013-08-20 Published:2013-08-20

摘要: 以内蒙古锡林郭勒盟典型草原为研究区域,依据牧户调查样本数据及统计资料,研究家庭牧场草地资源利用行为分异机制及管理策略。结果表明,因牲畜规模不同,家庭牧场在融资、草场流转、超载经营等方面表现出差异性;分大户组和小户组对家庭牧场面板数据(Panel Data)生产函数模型回归,发现规模报酬和要素弹性存在分组差异。可见,家庭牧场草地资源利用行为分异的内在机制是以牲畜特殊资产性质为基础的家庭牧场融资能力-生产经营行为-草地资源利用行为的关联性差异,外部驱动条件则是市场化经营和草畜平衡管理制度。现行草原制度管理政策与家庭牧场差异性行为存在矛盾,建议设立草场流转补贴,以改善当前草场流转不畅的局面;考虑家庭牧场超载差异,减轻违规超载处罚力度,重视合法超载限额管理;加强牧业技能培训和非牧就业培训等,发展现代生态畜牧业。

Abstract: The typical grasslands of Xilinguole League in Inner Mongolia were used as the research region to obtain sample data and statistical information on herdsmen for studying the behavior differentiation mechanism and management strategies of grassland resources utilization. Due to the different scales of livestock farming, there are differences in financing, pasture transference, and overload operation of households, so for regression analysis on the panel data production function model, households were divided into large and small-household groups to determine differences in scale and elasticity of production factors. The quantitative analysis of household production behavior indicated that the imminent mechanism of household behavioral difference in grassland resources utilization refers to the difference in relevance among households financing capacity, production behavior, and grassland resource utilization behavior. This is based on the special asset properties of livestock, and the external driving conditions refer to market-featured management and grass-livestock balance management. Contradictions exist between present grassland system management policy and households different behaviors, so several targeted policy recommendations are advanced, e.g. to: establish the pasture transference allowance system to improve the current situation: consider households overload behavior difference: mitigate the punishment of illegal overload, and to focus on the management of legal overload limitation; develop modern ecological animal husbandry, strengthen skill training of animal husbandry and employment training of non-animal husbandry.

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