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草业学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (2): 260-267.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20140231

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

果寡糖对断奶前仔猪胃肠道组织形态、消化酶、有机酸及乳酸杆菌菌群的影响

杭苏琴*,时祺,丁立人,朱伟云   

  1. 南京农业大学消化道微生物研究室,江苏 南京 210095
  • 收稿日期:2013-04-12 出版日期:2014-02-25 发布日期:2014-04-20
  • 作者简介:杭苏琴(1969-),女,新疆石河子人,副教授,博士。E-mail:suqinhang69@njau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家973项目“猪利用氮营养素的机制及营养调控”(2013CB127301)资助。

Effects of fructo-oligosaccharides on mucosal morphology, digestive enzyme activity, organic acid and Lactobacillus of the gastrointestinal tract of unweaned piglets

HANG Su-qin, SHI Qi, DING Li-ren, ZHU Wei-yun   

  1. Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
  • Received:2013-04-12 Online:2014-02-25 Published:2014-04-20

摘要: 选择6窝(8~10头仔猪/窝)健康的新生(杜长大)仔猪,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组3个重复,7 日龄(7 d)开始对照组辅喂常规开食料,试验组用果寡糖(FOS)代替1%的对照组开食料(按干物质折算),23 日龄(23 d)(断奶)时结束试验,试验开始和结束时每个重复选取1头仔猪屠宰,采集胰脏、胃肠道各部位组织和食糜样品,研究FOS对断奶前仔猪胃肠道组织形态、消化酶、有机酸和乳酸杆菌菌群的影响。结果表明,FOS组仔猪小肠绒毛高度、绒毛高度与隐窝深度之比均高于对照组 (P<0.05);FOS显著提高了仔猪胰腺和十二指肠中淀粉酶活性(P<0.05),蛋白酶和脂肪酶虽有增加但差异不显著;FOS显著提高了仔猪胃肠道内容物中挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs)浓度(P<0.05),降低了胃中乳酸浓度(P<0.05),显著提高了胃肠道乳酸杆菌菌群的相似性和多样性(P<0.05),增加了乳酸杆菌数量(P>0.05)。提示,FOS能够促进断奶前仔猪小肠形态的发育,减缓固体饲料对其损伤,一定程度上增加消化酶活性,提高胃肠道中总VFAs浓度,促进乳酸杆菌的增殖,这可能有利于仔猪平稳度过断奶期。

Abstract: Six litters (8-11 piglets per litter) of healthy neonatal crossed-bred piglets (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) were randomly divided into a control group and treatment group. Each group was composed of three litters, comprising triplicates. The animals in the control group were offered regular starter feed, while those in the treatment group were fed starter feed with 1% replacement of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) (by dry matter %) at 7 days after birth. The experiment was ended 23 days (weaning) after birth. At 7 and 23 days, one piglet from each triplicate was slaughtered. Pancreas, gastrointestinal tract (GIT) tissues and digesta were collected to investigate effects of FOS on mucosal morphology, digestive enzyme activity, organic acid and Lactobacillus of the GIT of unweaned piglets. The results showed that the villi height and the ratio of villus height and crypt depth were increased by FOS treatment in the jejunal and ileum (P<0.05). The highest amylase activity was in the pancreas and duodenum of the FOS group (P<0.05). Lipase and protease activity were not significantly higher in the FOS group than in the control group (P>0.05). Higher VFAs (volatile fatty acids) concentrations in the GIT and lower lactic acid concentrations in the stomach were observed in the FOS treatment (P<0.05). The number, similarity and diversity of Lactobacillus communities were also increased by FOS supplementation. The findings imply that the small intestinal morphological development of unweaned piglets, the activities of digestive enzymes, and VFAs concentration in gastrointestinal contents were improved by FOS addition. FOS can be utilized by some species of Lactobacillus, which enhances the stability of microbial community structure in the GIT of unweaned piglets, resulting in a beneficial contribution to the enteric health of piglets and a possible smooth transition at weaning.

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