Abstract: Trichomes and fruit structures of Angelica and seven related genera (Archangelica, Coelopleurum, Czernaevia, Heracleum, Levisticum, Ostericum, and Peucedanum) were studied. Differences in the trichome and fruit structures (e.g. wing, vitta, vascular bundle, mesocarp, endocarp, commissural side, and crystals) were found to provide useful characters to distinguish between Angelica and related taxa. Angelica austro-yunnanensis and A. oncosepala should be moved to the genus Heracleum, and other taxa of the Angelica group could be divided two groups, one with a wide and the other narrow commisure. In the former the fruit structures of the taxa are similar to those of Peucedanum, and differ from those of Heracleum and in the latter they are similar to those of Archangelica, Coelopleurum, Czernaevia, Levisticum, and Ostericum. This study supports the findings from molecular research that as currently defined the Angelicaceae is not a natural group. Angelica and Peucedanum should be placed in an Angelica clade and Heracleum in a Heracleum clade. The fruit structures of Ostericum differ from the other genera in the wing without mesocarp cells, and the rib duct presenting inside of the vascular bundles. On this evidence, the genus Ostericum is not very close to the genera Coelopleurum, Czernaevia, and Levisticum.