内蒙古牧区察哈尔羔羊饲粮钙磷适宜水平研究

doi:10.11686/cyxb2016137

草业学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3): 100-110.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2016137

内蒙古牧区察哈尔羔羊饲粮钙磷适宜水平研究

胡凤明^1**, 司丙文^1**, 张博², 斯琴巴特尔³, 萨仁花³, 苏德毕力格³, 金海⁴, 刁其玉¹, 屠焰^1*

1.中国农业科学院饲料研究所,农业部饲料生物技术重点实验室,北京 100081；
2.山西农业大学,山西太原 030000；
3.内蒙古锡林郭勒盟镶黄旗畜牧工作站,内蒙古锡林郭勒盟 013250；
4.内蒙古农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特 010031

收稿日期:2016-03-29 修回日期:2016-06-06 出版日期:2017-03-20 发布日期:2017-03-20
通讯作者: *tuyan@caas.cn
作者简介:胡凤明(1991-),男,河南新乡人,在读硕士。E-mail:zgdxsjyzd@163.com;司丙文(1975-),男,黑龙江佳木斯人,助理研究员,博士。E-mail: sibingwen@caas.cn。
基金资助:
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(2013030362)资助

Effect of dietary calcium and phosphorus on growth, blood metabolites, and digestion in Chahaer lambs in Inner Mongolia

HU Feng-Ming^{1, **}, SI Bing-Wen^{1, **}, ZHANG Bo², Siqinbateer³, Sarenhua³, Sudebilige³, JIN Hai⁴, DIAO Qi-Yu¹, TU Yan^{1, *}

1.Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China;
2.Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030000, China;
3.Animal Husbandry Station, Xianghuangqi County, Xilinguole 013250, China;
4.Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Sciences, Huhhot 010031, China;

Received:2016-03-29 Revised:2016-06-06 Online:2017-03-20 Published:2017-03-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本试验采用4个不同钙磷水平的饲粮饲喂断奶后察哈尔羔羊,研究钙磷对断奶羔羊生长、钙磷营养消化代谢和排放量、骨骼的影响。选取70日龄健康、体重(16.27±3.33) kg断奶察哈尔羔羊120只(公母各半),随机分成4个组,每组30个重复,每个重复1只羊,分别饲喂4种饲粮,其钙磷含量分别为:Ⅰ组,0.49%、0.28%;Ⅱ组,0.55%、0.32%;Ⅲ组,0.64%、0.47%;Ⅳ组,0.87%、0.70%。饲养试验期65 d,其后,每组选6只羔羊(公母各半),全收粪法进行消化代谢试验。试验结果:1)饲粮钙磷水平对断奶羔羊平均日增重、体尺、干物质采食量和饲粮转化率影响皆不显著(P>0.05);2)血清钙含量Ⅳ组显著高于其他3组,血清碱性磷酸酶Ⅰ组显著高于其他3组(P<0.05);3)Ⅰ组钙表观消化率显著高于其他3组(P<0.05),随饲粮钙磷水平升高羔羊钙磷排放量增加(P<0.05);4)Ⅳ组胫骨灰分含量显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅰ组跖骨灰分含量显著低于Ⅲ、Ⅳ组(P<0.05),胫骨磷含量Ⅳ组显著高于其他3组(P<0.05);5)冬春季节改变羔羊饲喂模式增加了内蒙古地区草原生态系统中钙磷的输入。综上所述,饲粮钙磷水平升高降低了断奶羔羊的钙表观消化率,显著增加了钙磷的排放量,提高了羔羊骨骼钙磷沉积。在本试验条件下,饲粮钙磷含量分别为0.49%、0.28%,内蒙古地区冬春季断奶羔羊即可获得较好的生长性能。

Abstract: The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) on growth performance, digestibility and output of Ca and P, and bone characteristics of weaned Chahaer lambs. 120 weaned Chahaer lambs [liveweight (16.3±3.3) kg; age 70 days] were randomly assigned into 4 groups: Ca and P levels in the diets of group Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ were 0.49% and 0.28%, 0.55% and 0.32%, 0.64% and 0.47% and 0.87% and 0.70%, respectively. The feeding trial lasted for 65 days; 6 lambs (3 male and 3 female) were randomly selected to be slaughtered from every group to collect data on Ca and P metabolism and digestion. The results showed that dietary Ca and P levels had no effect on liveweight gain, dry matter intake and feed conversion (P>0.05). Blood serum Ca content in group Ⅳ was the highest among the four groups (P<0.05), whereas serum alkaline phosphatase in group Ⅰ was higher than other three groups (P<0.05). The apparent digestibility of Ca in group Ⅰ was significantly higher than other three groups (P<0.05). Ca and P outputs were significantly increased with increasing dietary Ca and P levels (P<0.05). The tibia ash and P content from lambs in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05) and the metatarsal ash content in group Ⅰ was lower than those in group Ⅲ and Ⅳ (P<0.05). Increased Ca and P in the diet of lambs increased Ca and P input into the grassland during winter and spring. It was concluded that increased Ca and P levels in the diet of weaned lambs reduced the apparent digestibility of Ca but significantly increased the Ca and P content in the feces and bones. Optimal levels of Ca and P in the diet of weaned Chahaer lambs was 0.49% and 0.28% respectively.

胡凤明, 司丙文, 张博, 斯琴巴特尔, 萨仁花, 苏德毕力格, 金海, 刁其玉, 屠焰. 内蒙古牧区察哈尔羔羊饲粮钙磷适宜水平研究[J]. 草业学报, 2017, 26(3): 100-110.

HU Feng-Ming, SI Bing-Wen, ZHANG Bo, Siqinbateer, Sarenhua, Sudebilige, JIN Hai, DIAO Qi-Yu, TU Yan. Effect of dietary calcium and phosphorus on growth, blood metabolites, and digestion in Chahaer lambs in Inner Mongolia[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2017, 26(3): 100-110.

参考文献

[1] Liu Y.2015 national grassland monitoring report. Animal Husbandry in China, 2016, (6): 18-35.
刘源. 2015年全国草原监测报告. 中国畜牧业, 2016, (6): 18-35.
[2] Ren J Z, Liang T G, Lin H L, et al . Study on grassland’s responses to global climate change and its carbon sequestration potentials. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2011, 20(2): 1-22.
任继周, 梁天刚, 林慧龙, 等. 草地对全球气候变化的响应及其碳汇潜势研究. 草业学报, 2011, 20(2): 1-22.
[3] Ren J Z. Definition and ethical interpretation of ecological productivity in grassland. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2015, 24(1): 1-3.
任继周. 草地生态生产力的界定及其伦理学诠释. 草业学报, 2015, 24(1): 1-3.
[4] Sattari S Z, Bouwman A F, Martinez Rodríguez R, et al . Negative global phosphorus budgets challenge sustainable intensification of grasslands. Nature Communications, 2016, 7: 1-12.
[5] Haerali. Study on shortage and feeding technique of mineral in grazing sheep. China Herbivores, 2003, 23(2): 37-39.
哈尔阿力. 放牧绵羊矿物元素缺乏及补饲技术. 中国草食动物科学, 2003, 23(2): 37-39.
[6] Araújo M J, Medeiros A N, Teixeira I A M A, et al . Mineral requirements for growth of Moxotó goats grazing in the semi-arid region of Brazil. Small Ruminant Research, 2010, 93(1): 1-9.
[7] Gomes R A, Oliveira-Pascoa D, Teixeira I A M A, et al . Macromineral requirements for growing Saanen goat kids. Small Ruminant Research, 2011, 99(2): 160-165.
[8] Ji S K, Xu G S, Jiang C G, et al . Effects of feeding levels on major mineral contents and their distribution in dorper small-tail han lambs F 1 . Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2012, (11): 2133-2140.
纪守坤, 许贵善, 姜成钢, 等. 饲喂水平对杜寒F 1 代公羔羊体内主要矿物质含量及分布的影响. 动物营养学报, 2012, (11): 2133-2140.
[9] Ji S K, Xu G S, Jiang C G, et al . Changes of major mineral contents and distributions in dorper×small tail han F 1 lambs during 20-35 kg period. Acta Veterinaria Et Zootechnica Sinica, 2013, 44(12): 1946-1953.
纪守坤, 许贵善, 姜成钢, 等. 20~35 kg体重阶段杜泊×小尾寒羊F 1 代公羔体内钙、磷、钠、钾、镁含量及分布特点. 畜牧兽医学报, 2013, 44(12): 1946-1953.
[10] Yang C T, Si B W, Siqinbater, et al . Effects supplementation of concentrates with different ratios of energy to nitrogen on performance and serum indices in lambs in pastoral areas in winter and spring. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2015, (1): 289-297.
杨春涛, 司丙文, 斯琴巴特尔, 等. 补饲不同能氮比精料对牧区冬春季羔羊生长性能和血液指标的影响. 动物营养学报, 2015, (1): 289-297.
[11] National Research Council. Nutrient Requirements of Small Ruminants: Sheep, Goats, Cervids, and New World Camelids[M]. 10th Edition. Washington, D. C.: National Academy Press, 2007.
[12] Zhang L Y. Feed Analysis and Quality Inspection Technology[M]. 3rd Edition. Beijing: China Agricultural University Press, 2007.
张丽英. 饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M]. 3版. 北京: 中国农业大学出版社, 2007.
[13] Agricultural Research Council. The Nutrient Requirements of Ruminant Livestock[M]. Slough: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, 1980.
[14] Zahari M W, Thompson J K, Scott D, et al . The dietary requirements of calcium and phosphorus for growing lambs. Animal Production, 1990, 50(2): 301-307.
[15] Rajaratne A A J, Scott D, Thompson J K, et al . The effect of variation in dietary calcium supply on the phosphorus requirements of growing lambs. Animal Production, 1990, 51(1): 135-142.
[16] Wilkens M R, Richter J, Fraser D R, et al . In contrast to sheep, goats adapt to dietary calcium restriction by increasing intestinal absorption of calcium. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 2012, 163(3/4): 396-406.
[17] Wilkens M R, Mrochen N, Breves G, et al . Gastrointestinal calcium absorption in sheep is mostly insensitive to an alimentary induced challenge of calcium homeostasis. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2011, 158(3): 199-207.
[18] Erickson G E, Klopfenstein T J, Milton C T, et al . Phosphorus requirement of finishing feedlot calves. Journal of Animal Science, 2002, 80(6): 1690-1695.
[19] Hutcheson J P, Greene L W, Carstens G E, et al . Effects of zeranol and two dietary levels of calcium and phosphorus on performance, carcass and bone characteristics, and calcium status in growing lambs. Journal of Animal Science, 1992, 70(5): 1346-1351.
[20] Zhu X M. Studies on the Metabolism and Requirements of Calcium and Phosphorus for Growing Boer Crossbred Goat[D]. Urumchi: Xinjiang Agricultural University, 2004.
朱新民. 生长期波杂山羊钙磷代谢规律及需要量研究[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆农业大学, 2004.
[21] Ji S K, Xu G S, Jiang C G, et al . Growth requirements of calcium, natrium, kalium and magnesium for dorper×thin-tailed han crossbred lambs (F 1 ) at 20 to 35 kg. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2013, 25(7): 1473-1479.
纪守坤, 许贵善, 姜成钢, 等. 20~35 kg杜泊×小尾寒羊F 1 代公羔钙、钠、钾和镁生长需要量. 动物营养学报, 2013, 25(7): 1473-1479.
[22] Zhang B, Liu J X, Liu H Y. Effect of Dietary Phosphorus Levels on Growth Performance and Phosphorus Emissions of Holstein Heifers[C]//Proceedings of the 7th China Feed Nutrition Society of Animal Nutrition Branch of China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Society. Beijing: China Agricultural University Press, 2014.
张彬, 刘建新, 刘红云. 日粮磷水平对荷斯坦后备奶牛生长性能及磷排放的影响[C]//中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第七届中国饲料营养学术研讨会论文集. 北京: 中国农业大学出版社, 2014.
[23] Su Y J, Sun H, Wang X Y, et al . Phosphorus requirement of growing pigs weighting 30 to 60 kg. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2012, 24(8): 1414-1420.
苏月娟, 孙会, 王晓宇, 等. 30~60 kg生长猪磷需要量研究. 动物营养学报, 2012, 24(8): 1414-1420.
[24] Wang Z H, Yang W R, Guo B L, et al . Effects of phytase supplementation on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters and apparent digestibility of nutrients in nursery pigs fed diets with different levels of inorganic phosphorus. Chinese Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2015, (10): 1891-1898.
王志恒, 杨维仁, 郭宝林, 等. 不同无机磷水平日粮添加植酸酶对保育猪生长性能、血清生化指标及养分表观消化率的影响. 畜牧兽医学报, 2015, (10): 1891-1898.
[25] Yan S M, Feng Y M, Zhang H Q, et al . Effects of vitamin A and vitamin D on metabolism of calcium and phosphorous in broilers. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2007, 19(3): 218-224.
闫素梅, 冯永淼, 张海琴, 等. 维生素A、D对肉鸡钙、磷代谢的影响. 动物营养学报, 2007, 19(3): 218-224.
[26] Zhao Z L. Study on Calcium and Phosphorus Requirements of Inner Mongolian White Cashmere Growing Goats[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2006.
赵智力. 内蒙古白绒山羊生长羯羊钙、磷需要量的研究[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2006.
[27] Lu D X. An Introduction to the System of Animal Nutrition[M]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2004.
卢德勋. 系统动物营养学导论[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2004.
[28] Cohen R. Correction-Phosphorus nutrition of beef cattle. 3. Effect of supplementation on the phosphorus content of blood and on the phosphorus and calcium contents of hair and bone of grazing steers. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 1973, 13(65): 625-629.
[29] Zhang F, Ji S K, Zhang N F, et al . Effects of urea phosphate on calcium and phosphorus contents in serum and muscle and related hormone contents in serum of lambs. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2015, (3): 845-852.
张帆, 纪守坤, 张乃锋, 等. 磷酸脲对羔羊血清和肌肉钙、磷含量及血清相关代谢激素含量的影响. 动物营养学报, 2015(3): 845-852.
[30] Huang J Y, Hu W Z. Clinical application of detection of serum osteocalcin levels. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2007, 34(9): 1674-1675.
黄江渝, 胡汶竹. 血清骨钙素水平检测的临床应用现状. 现代预防医学, 2007, 34(9): 1674-1675.
[31] Wei B D, Zhang L, Zhou X H, et al . Effects of calcium and phosphorus of herbage in different seasons on serum BGP of grazing sheep. Journal of Gansu Agricultural University, 2005, (4): 452-456.
魏炳栋, 张力, 周学辉, 等. 不同季节牧草钙磷含量对放牧绵羊血清骨钙素的影响. 甘肃农业大学学报, 2005, (4): 452-456.
[32] Yang W M, Shao B. Biochemical indexes of bone metabolism and osteoporosis. Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis, 2004, 10(1): 118-121.
杨伟民, 邵斌. 骨代谢生化指标与骨质疏松症. 中国骨质疏松杂志, 2004, 10(1): 118-121.
[33] Wang J F, Jin J S, Xia Z F, et al . The importance of osteocalcin in the study of soft bone disease on dairy cows. Chinese Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 1999, (6): 513-518.
王九峰, 金久善, 夏兆飞, 等. 骨钙素在乳牛骨软病研究上的重要性. 畜牧兽医学报, 1999, (6): 513-518.
[34] Hoshino H, Kushida K, Takahashi M, et al . Effects of low phosphate intake on bone and mineral metabolism in rats: evaluation by biochemical markers and pyridinium cross-link formation in bone. Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism, 1998, 42(2): 110-118.
[35] Wang F L, Zhang M F, Chen Q M, et al . The effects of dietary phosphorus and calcium to phosphorus ratio on the activities of alkaline phosphorus and serum calcium and phosphorus in miniature-pigs (Xiang Pig). Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2001, 13(1): 36-42.
王凤来, 张曼夫, 陈清明, 等. 日粮磷和钙磷比例对小型猪(香猪)血清、肠、骨碱性磷酸酶及血清钙磷的影响. 动物营养学报, 2001, 13(1): 36-42.
[36] Muscher A S, Wilkens M R, Mrochen N, et al . Ex vivo intestinal studies on calcium and phosphate transport in growing goats fed a reduced nitrogen diet. British Journal of Nutrition, 2012, 108(4): 628-637.
[37] Chu H P, Wang Z H, Li F C. Effects of dietary calcium level on calcium metabolism in lactating dairy cows. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2010, (5): 1286-1292.
初汉平, 王中华, 李福昌. 饲粮钙水平对泌乳奶牛钙代谢的影响. 动物营养学报, 2010, (5): 1286-1292.
[38] Liu J X, Li S S, Zhang B, et al . Nutrition strategies for improving nitrogen and phosphorus utilization efficiency in dairy cows. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2014, 26(10): 3129-3134.
刘建新, 李珊珊, 张彬, 等. 改善奶牛氮磷利用效率的营养策略. 动物营养学报, 2014, 26(10): 3129-3134.
[39] Shen Y Y, Cao Q, Huo Q Q. Effect of dietary phosphorus level on the apparent digestibility of dietary phosphorus in the West miscellaneous reserve cows. China Herbivores, 2011, 31(4): 32-35.
申跃宇, 曹琼, 霍菁菁. 日粮磷进食水平对西杂后备母牛日粮磷表观消化率的影响. 中国草食动物科学, 2011, 31(4): 32-35.
[40] Geisert B G, Erickson G E, Klopfenstein T J, et al . Phosphorus requirement and excretion of finishing beef cattle fed different concentrations of phosphorus. Journal of Animal Science, 2010, 88(7): 2393-2402.
[41] Wu Z, Satter L D, Sojo R. Milk production, reproductive performance, and fecal excretion of phosphorus by dairy cows fed three amounts of phosphorus 1. Journal of Dairy Science, 2000, 83(5): 1028-1041.
[42] Knowlton K F, Herbein J H. Phosphorus partitioning during early lactation in dairy cows fed diets varying in phosphorus content. Journal of Dairy Science, 2002, 85(5): 1227-1236.
[43] Xu M Y, Gao L J, Li Y Q. A review on grassland carrying capacity (Ⅱ): Parameters and calculation methods. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(4): 311-321.
徐敏云, 高立杰, 李运起. 草地载畜量研究进展:参数和计算方法. 草业学报, 2014, 23(4): 311-321.
[44] Wang X Y, Sun H, Su Y J, et al . Calcium requirement of growing pigs weighting 30 to 60 kg. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2012, 24(7): 1216-1223.
王晓宇, 孙会, 苏月娟, 等. 30~60 kg生长猪钙需要量研究. 动物营养学报, 2012, 24(7): 1216-1223.

内蒙古牧区察哈尔羔羊饲粮钙磷适宜水平研究

Effect of dietary calcium and phosphorus on growth, blood metabolites, and digestion in Chahaer lambs in Inner Mongolia

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 0

编辑推荐

Metrics