草地生态系统氮循环关键过程对全球变化及人类活动的响应与机制

doi:10.11686/cyxb20140634

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 氮(N)是蛋白质、核酸、酶、激素、叶绿素等物质的主要组成部分,对生态系统结构的组成和功能的发挥具有十分重要的影响。国际地圈与生物圈计划(IGBP)以及政府间气候变化委员会(IPCC)的许多大型研究计划均把氮素循环过程作为其核心研究内容。草原生态系统作为地球上宝贵的自然资源,其功能的发挥对于维持全球及区域性生态平衡有极其重要的作用。但迄今为止,对草地氮循环关键过程及其对全球变化(CO₂浓度升高、温度与降水变化、氮沉降)以及人类活动(放牧、开垦、火烧等)响应与反馈的认知远不及对草地碳循环过程那么系统与深入,迫切需要开展相关领域系统的科学试验研究。本文综述了目前国内外全球变化和人类活动因子对草地氮循环过程影响的相关研究成果,分析了其主要影响途径以及关键机制,在此基础上对目前研究中存在的不足进行了剖析,并对未来研究中迫切需要关注的重点研究方向进行了探讨与展望。

Abstract: As an important component of proteins, nucleic acids, enzymes and chlorophyll nitrogen (N) is a crucial element for ecosystem function. Many large research programs undertaken by the International Geosphere and Biosphere Program (IGBP) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have included the N cycle as part of their core research. Globally, grassland ecosystems play an extremely important role in maintaining global and regional ecological balance. To date, few studies on the response of the N cycle to global changes have been conducted. There is some urgency to determine the effect of elevated atmospheric CO₂ and temperature, precipitation change, nitrogen deposition and human activities (grazing, cultivation, fire, etc.) on the N cycle in grasslands. This paper reviews research progresses in China and globally on the effects of global change and human activities on the key N cycle processes in grassland ecosystems. Additionally, issues requiring research emphasis are identified.

中图分类号:

S812.29

闫钟清,齐玉春,董云社,彭琴,孙良杰,贾军强,曹丛丛,郭树芳,贺云龙. 草地生态系统氮循环关键过程对全球变化及人类活动的响应与机制[J]. 草业学报, 2014, 23(6): 279-292.

YAN Zhong-qing,QI Yu-chun,DONG Yun-she,PENG Qin,SUN Liang-jie,JIA Jun-qiang,CAO Cong-cong,GUO Shu-fang,HE Yun-long. Nitrogen cycling in grassland ecosystems in response to climate change and human activities[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(6): 279-292.

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