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草业学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (3): 85-96.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb20140309

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

湖南崀山丹霞地貌区野生药用藤本植物资源及开发利用研究

王业社,陈立军,杨贤均,段林东   

  1. 邵阳学院城市建设系,湖南 邵阳422000
  • 收稿日期:2013-06-17 出版日期:2014-06-20 发布日期:2014-06-20
  • 作者简介:王业社(1974-),男,湖南武冈人,硕士,副教授。E-mail:wangyeshe001@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省教育厅青年基金项目(12B113),湖南省科技厅计划项目(2013NK4106),邵阳市科技局计划项目(2013FJ59)和湖南省大学生科技创新项目(湘教通〔2013〕191号-342)资助

Research on the wild medicinal vineplant resources in the “Danxia” geomorphological area of Langshan Mountain and their potential exploitability

WANG Ye-she,CHEN Li-jun,YANG Xian-jun,DUAN Lin-dong   

  1. Department of City Construction, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang 422000, China
  • Received:2013-06-17 Online:2014-06-20 Published:2014-06-20

摘要: 为深入研究湘西南野生药用藤本植物资源现状,对湖南崀山国家级风景名胜区野生药用藤本植物资源进行了全面、系统的调查和分析,结果表明,湖南崀山共有野生药用藤本植物41科73属128种,分别占崀山丹霞地貌区植物资源科、属、种的22.16%,10.60%,8.74%;在生活型上,木质野生药用藤本植物有99种,占有明显优势,而草质野生药用藤本植物仅有29种,处于次要地位,分别占该区域野生药用藤本植物总数的77.34%和22.66%。其中,野生药用藤本蕨类植物和裸子植物较贫乏,而野生药用藤本被子植物较丰富,并以藤本双子叶植物占优势;在科属构成中,科的构成比较集中,属的构成相对分散。优势科有葡萄科、蝶形花科、卫矛科、茜草科等,优势属有铁线莲属、悬钩子属、忍冬属、南五味子属、拔葜属等;区系组成具有明显的热带属性,热带分布型属共有49属,占总属数的67.12%;药用藤本植物资源中,国家级稀有濒危保护植物1种,国家重点保护野生植物8种,第一批国家重点保护野生药材2种;在药用部位上,以根、根茎、叶类的药用藤本植物最多,分别占69.53%,29.69%和27.34%;在药用功效上,以祛风湿、活血化瘀和清热类最多,分别占57.03%,47.66%和43.75%。同时,对崀山丹霞地貌区野生药用藤本植物资源的保护和开发利用提出了建议,以期为该地区野生药用藤本植物资源的可持续利用提供参考依据。

Abstract: The status-quo of the wild medicinal vine plants resources in the Southwest of Hunan, were investigated in Langshan, a National Scenery location. There are about 128 species, 73 genera and 41 families of wild medicinal vineplants in the “Danxia” Geomorphological Area of Langshan Mountain, Hunan. They account for 22.16%, 10.60% and 8.74%, respectively, of the total of species, genera or families of plants in Lanshan Mountain. In terms of life form, the woody medicinal lianas (99 species) outnumber the herbaceous medicinal vine plants (29 species), accounting for 77.34% and 22.66%, respectively, of the total number of wild medicinal liana in Langshan, Hunan. Among all these medicinal liana, Fujimoto wild medicinal ferns and gymnosperms are relatively rare, while the majority are wild medicinal Fujimoto angiosperms, which is dominated by Fujimoto Douko leaves of plants. In terms of composition, genera outnumber families. The dominant families include Vitaceae, Papilionaceae, Celastraceae, and Rubiaceae, while the dominant genera include Clematis, Rubus, Lonicera, Kadsura, and Smilax. The floristic composition shows an obvious tropical nature, including 49 genera which account for 67.12% of the total genera. There is 1 species of national rare and endangered plant, 8 species of national key protected plants and 2 species of the first batch of national key protected wild medicinal materials. In terms of the medicinal plants, the medicinal vine plants with root, rhizome and leaf dominate, accounting for 69.53%, 29.69% and 27.34%, respectively, of the total of medicinal vine plants. In terms of the medicinal effect, the vine plants which are used to treat rheumatism, to activate blood circulation and remove blood stasis, or to clear heat, account for 57.03%, 47.66% and 43.75%, respectively, of the total of medicinal vine plants. Suggestions have been put forward for the purpose of protecting and exploiting wide medicinal liana resources in the “Danxia” geomorphological area of Langshan Mountain, providing a reference basis for sustainable use of these resources in this region.

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