贵州42种野生牧草营养价值灰色关联度分析

doi:10.11686/cyxb20140112

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对贵州本地42种自然生长的野生牧草进行识别、鉴定,分析其中的干物质、粗蛋白、粗纤维、粗脂肪、灰分、钙和磷的含量,结果显示,贵州不同地域生长的同种野生牧草间多数营养成分相近,且与全国平均水平相近,个别营养成分含量存在一定差异。为了避免常规营养评价方法中只考虑粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗纤维等少数因子而忽略其他因子的弊端,本文采用灰色关联度分析法对42种野生牧草的营养成分进行综合评价。42种野生牧草中营养价值最高的有菊科豨莶、小飞蓬、苦苣菜,藜科灰灰菜,苋科反枝苋5种;营养价值较高的有14种,菊科白蒿、青蒿、三叶鬼针草、苦荬菜、千里光,禾本科狗尾草、茅草、双穗雀稗、狗牙根,蓼科酸模叶蓼、金荞麦,桑科构树,十字花科荠菜,蝶形花科洋槐;营养价值较低的7种,菊科一年蓬,豆科黄花木,石柱科鹅肠菜,蔷薇科刺梨,莎草科香附子,马齿苋科马齿苋,芸香科野花椒;其余16种样品的营养价值处于中等水平,包括菊科鱼鳅串,禾本科鸭茅、黑麦草、薏苡、扁穗雀麦,蓼科扛板归、辣蓼,苋科空心莲子草,桑科葎草,豆科白刺花、白三叶,忍冬科羊屎条、金银花,旋花科小旋花,蔷薇科刺泡和马鞭草科荆条。本文的研究结果说明,42种牧草中的35种值得进一步开发利用。

Abstract: Forty-two species of forage in Guizhou Province were collected and identified. The contents of dry matter,crude protein,crude fiber,ether extract,ash,content of calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P),were measured by conventional analysis methods. Although some indices were different,most of nutrient components were close to each other. Using grey relational grade analysis,the nutritive values of 42 wild forages were evaluated. The nutritive values of 5 species were highest: Compositae plants Siegesbec-kia orientalis,Conyza canadensis,Sonchus oleraceus,Chenopodiaceae plant Chenopodium album,and Amaranthaceae plant Amaranthus retroflexus. Fourteen species were much more nutritious than the others: Compositae plants Artemisia sieversiana,Artemisia annua,Bidens pilosa,Ixeris chinensis,Senecio scandens,Gramineae plants Setaira viridis,Imperata cylindrica,Paspalum distichum,Cynodon dactylon,Polygonaceae plants Polygonum lapathifolium,Fagopyrum cymosum,Moraceae plant Broussonetia papyrifera,Cruciferae plant Capsella bursa-pastoris,Papilionaceae plant Robinia pseudoacacia. Fourteen species were at a mid-level: Compositae plant Kalimeris indica,Gramineae plants Dactylis glomerata,Lolium perenne,Coix lacryma-jobi,Bromus catharticus,Polygonaceae plants Polygonum perfoliatum,Polygonum flaccidum,Amaranthaceae plant Alternanthera philoxeroides,Moraceae plant Humulus scandens,Leguminosae plants Sophora davidii,Trifolium repens,Caprifoliaceae plants Viburnum utile,Lonicera japonica,Convolvulaceae plant Calystegia hederacea,Rosaceae plant Rubus innominatus,Verbenaceae plant Vitex negundo var. heterophylla. The nutrient values of 7 species were relatively lower than the others: Compositae plant Erigeron annuus,Leguminosae plant Piptanthus nepalensis,Caryophyllaceae plant Myosoton aquaticum,Rosaceae plant Rosa roxburghii,Cyperaceae plant Cyperus rotundus,Portulacaceae plant Portulaca oleracea,Rutaceae plant Zanthoxylum simulans. It is suggested that thirty-five species are worth utilizating in future evaluations on the seven indices.

中图分类号:

S816.15

田兵，冉雪琴，薛红，谢健，陈彬，武玉祥，王嘉福，王啸. 贵州42种野生牧草营养价值灰色关联度分析[J]. 草业学报, 2014, 23(1): 92-103.

TIAN Bing,RAN Xue-qin,XUE Hong,XIE Jian,CHEN Bing,WU Yu-xiang,WANG Jia-fu,WANG Xiao. Evaluation of the nutritive value of 42 kinds of forage in Guizhou Province by grey relational grade analysis[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(1): 92-103.

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