长期不同施肥模式下稻田土壤磷吸附与解吸的动态研究

doi:10.11686/cyxb20140114

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探讨土壤对磷素的固定与释放过程,研究了长期不同施肥模式下红壤稻田0~20 cm和20~40 cm土壤对磷的吸附和解吸动态。结果表明,0~20 cm土壤对磷的吸附量培养前期快速增大、后期趋于稳定,20~40 cm土壤对磷的吸附量呈培养前期快速增大、后期缓慢增大的态势。长期有机物循环配施化肥显著降低了0~20 cm土壤磷吸附量,与单施化肥相比,其对土壤磷的吸附量降低幅度达20.1%;无肥基础上的有机物循环利用效果次之,单施化肥无明显效果。各施肥模式对20~40 cm土壤磷的吸附特性影响较小。土壤对磷的解吸量主要集中在前几次浸提,且随浸提次数的增多而减小。长期有机物循环利用促进了0~20 cm土壤磷素的解吸,有机物循环利用配施化肥效果更佳,其对土壤磷的累积解吸率较单施化肥提高幅度达72.2%;单施化肥在一定程度上抑制了土壤对磷的解吸。长期有机物循环利用对20~40 cm土壤磷的解吸特性影响不大。0~20 cm土壤对磷的解吸量和累积解吸率均低于20~40 cm土壤。化肥基础上的有机物循环利用促进了土壤中磷素的活化,改善了磷素肥力水平。

Abstract: The dynamics of phosphorus adsorption and desorption with different patterns of long-term fertilizer application were studied in the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers of a reddish paddy rice field using field sampling combined with indoor cultivation. Soil phosphorus in the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers showed different adsorption and desorption dynamics with incubation time under the conditions of different patterns of long-term application. Soil phosphorus adsorption capacity at 0-20 cm increased rapidly in the initial stage and then tended towards stability with incubation time,while soil phosphorus adsorption capacity at the 20-40 cm depth increased rapidly in the initial stage and then increased more slowly with incubation time. Organic nutrient recycling combined with fertilizer application at the 0-20 cm layer notably reduced soil phosphorus adsorption capacity,and reduced soil phosphorus adsorption capacity by 20.1% more than NPK fertilizer application at the 0-20 cm layer followed by organic nutrient recycling alone,and by the NPK fertilizer application alone which had no obvious effect. The influences of different fertilizer application patterns on soil phosphorus adsorption capacity at the 20-40 cm depth were not obvious. The soil phosphorus desorption capacity was mainly concentrated in the first few times of digestion,and decreased with an increase of digestion times. Long-term organic nutrient cyclic utilization promoted phosphorus desorption in the 0-20 cm soil layer,and the effects of organic nutrient recycling combined with fertilizer application were better since they enhanced soil phosphorus cumulative desorption rates by 72.2% compared with NPK fertilizer application. NPK fertilizer application inhibited soil phosphorus desorption to a certain extent. Long-term organic nutrient cyclic utilization had no obvious effect on soil phosphorus desorption characteristics at the 20-40 cm depth. Soil phosphorus desorption capacity and cumulative desorption rates were all lower at 0-20 cm than at 20-40 cm depth. Organic nutrient recycling combined with fertilizer application promoted soil phosphorus activation and improved the phosphorus fertility levels.

中图分类号:

S158.3

赵庆雷，吴修，袁守江，王凯荣，高洁，陈峰，张士永，孙公臣，谢小立，马加清. 长期不同施肥模式下稻田土壤磷吸附与解吸的动态研究[J]. 草业学报, 2014, 23(1): 113-122.

ZHAO Qing-lei,WU Xiu,YUAN Shou-jiang,WANG Kai-rong,GAO Jie,CHEN Feng,ZHANG Shi-yong,SUN Gong-chen,XIE Xiao-li,MA Jia-qing. A study on the dynamics of phosphorus adsorption and desorption characteristics of paddy soil with long-term fertilization[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(1): 113-122.

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