我国菌根学研究进展及其应用展望

doi:10.11686/cyxb20130537

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着科学技术的进步和人们对菌根认识的不断深入,菌根学理论研究日益引起世界各国学者的广泛关注,菌根化应用技术研究也日趋加强。为了及时把握我国菌根学研究的最新进展和现状,阐明我国学者在菌根机理研究和应用领域取得的成绩,本研究归纳了从2006-2010年我国菌根学研究发表的所有科技论文,分析了这些研究论文的性质和特征,在此基础上分别对我国在菌根营养学、菌根生态学、分子生物学技术在菌根学中的应用和菌根对植物耐受胁迫能力等方面的研究成果进行了论述;探讨了我国在利用菌根真菌开展育苗造林和食用菌生产方面的进展。结合当前菌根研究在农、林生产上的应用前景,分析当前我国菌根研究及应用中存在的问题和不足,并对今后我国菌根学的发展方向进行了展望。

Abstract: Many papers have been published in the field of mycorrhizal research because of the development of scientific technology and the widespread use of mycorrhizal technology. In this paper, the progress of mycorrhizal studies and their applications in China are reviewed. On the basis of the 1 166 papers published from 2006 to 2010, we analyzed the progress made by Chinese scientists during this period. The main results, including mycorrhizal nutrition, mycorrhizal ecology, use of molecular technology in mycorrhizal studies and the effects of mycorrhizal infection on plant resistance are discussed. The applications of mycorrhiza at the plant nursery stage and in edible fungus production are also discussed. The prospects for mycorrhizal studies and their applications in agricultural and forestry fields in the future are addressed.

中图分类号:

林双双,孙向伟,王晓娟,豆存艳,李媛媛,罗巧玉,孙莉,金樑. 我国菌根学研究进展及其应用展望[J]. 草业学报, 2013, 22(5): 310-325.

LIN Shuang-shuang, SUN Xiang-wei, WANG Xiao-juan, DOU Cun-yan, LI Yuan-yuan, LUO Qiao-yu, SUN Li, JIN Liang. Mycorrhizal studies and their application prospects in China[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2013, 22(5): 310-325.

参考文献

金樑, 赵洪, 李博. 我国菌根研究进展及展望. 应用与环境生物学报, 2004, 10(4): 515-520.
刘润进, 李晓林. 丛枝菌根及应用. 北京: 科学出版社, 2000: 8-10.
房辉, 曹敏, Damodaran P N. 哀牢山亚热带次生林AM真菌的初步研究. 云南农业大学学报, 2007, 22(6): 802-807.
肖艳萍, 李涛, 费洪运, 等. 云南金顶铅锌矿区丛枝菌根真菌多样性的研究. 菌物学报, 2008, 27(5): 652-662.
许秀强, 李敏, 刘润进. 农药污染土壤中AM真菌多样性初步调查. 青岛农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 26(1): 1-3.
王立, 贾文奇, 马放, 等. 菌根技术在环境修复领域中的应用及展望. 生态环境学报, 2010, 19(2): 487-493.
Hu J L, Lin X G, Wang J H, et al. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus enhances P acquisition of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a sandy loam soil with long-term inorganic fertilization regime. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2010, 88(3): 781-787.
陈梅梅, 陈保冬, 王新军, 等. 不同磷水平土壤接种丛枝菌根真菌对植物生长和养分吸收的影响. 生态学报, 2009, 29(4): 1980-1986.
刘文科, 冯固, 李晓林. 不同AM菌株对酸性土壤玉米生长及磷营养的影响研究. 中国生态农业学报, 2006, 14(2): 116-118.
刘翠花, 陈保冬, 朱永官, 等. 丛枝菌根真菌对青稞生长发育及磷营养的影响研究. 土壤学报, 2006, 43(6): 1052-1055.
刘进法, 夏仁学, 王明元, 等. 接种丛枝菌根真菌对枳吸收利用磷酸铝的影响. 应用生态学报, 2008, 19(10): 2155-2160.
李晓林, 冯固. 丛枝菌根生态生理. 北京: 华文出版社, 2001.
刘辉, 吴小芹, 陈丹. 4种外生菌根真菌对难溶性磷酸盐的溶解能力. 西北植物学报, 2010, 30(1): 0143-0149.
王圳, 张金池, 崔晓晓, 等. VA菌根对喀斯特草本群落植物根际养分影响研究. 生态环境学报, 2010, 19(7): 1574-1577.
薛小平, 张深, 李海涛, 等. 磷对外生菌根真菌松乳菇和双色蜡蘑草酸、氢离子和磷酸酶分泌的影响. 菌物学报, 2008, 27(2): 193-200.
Xia Y S, Chen B D, Li X L, et al. Arsenic uptake by arbuscular mycorrhizal maize (Zea mays L.) grown in an arsenic-contaminated soil with added phosphorus. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2007, 19(10): 1245-1251.
宝音陶格涛, 刘美玲, 包青海, 等. 氮素添加对典型草原区割草场植物群落结构及草场质量指数的影响. 草业学报, 2011, 20(1): 7-14.
Xiao T J, Yang Q S, Ran W, et al. Effect of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on nitrogen and phosphorus utilization in upland rice-mungbean intercropping system. Agricultural Sciences in China, 2010, 9(4): 528-535.
李建华, 郜春花, 卢朝东, 等. 丛枝菌根和根瘤菌双接种对矿区土地复垦的生态效应. 中国土壤与肥料, 2009, 5: 77-80.
Bai S L, Li G L, Liu Y, et al. Ostryopsis davidiana seedlings inoculated with ectomycorrhizal fungi facilitate formation of mycorrhizae on Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings. Mycorrhiza, 2009, 19: 425-434.
袁丽环. 不同肥力水平下接种丛枝菌根真菌(AM)对翅果油树幼苗生长的影响. 中国农学通报, 2010, 26(6): 173-177.
李焱. 菌根真菌和腐植酸有机肥对樱桃番茄产量和品质的影响. 北方园艺, 2009, 8: 95-97.
吕桂云, 陈贵林, 齐国辉, 等. 菌根化育苗对大棚黄瓜生长发育和果实品质的影响. 应用生态学报, 2006, 17(12): 2352-2356.
Azcón R, Gomez M, Tobar R. Effects of nitrogen source on growth, nutrition, photosynthetic rate and nitrogen metabolism of mycorrhizal and phosphorus-fertilized plants of Lactuca sativa L.. New Phytologist, 1992, 121: 227-234.
袁丽环, 闫桂琴. 丛枝菌根化翅果油树幼苗根际土壤微环境. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(6): 678-689.
彭思利, 邓胤, 张宇亭. 丛枝菌根真菌根外菌丝对紫色土中的氮素利用状况. 中国农学通报, 2010, 26(6): 269-274.
王树和, 金樑, 王晓娟, 等. 丛枝菌根及其宿主植物对根际微生物作用的响应. 草业学报, 2007, 16(3): 108-113.
贾永, 宋福强. 丛枝菌根(AM)对根瘤菌趋化作用研究. 微生物学通报, 2008, 35(5): 743-747.
任志雨, 孙世海, 贺超兴, 等. 丛枝菌根真菌对番茄幼苗生长和矿质元素吸收的影响. 北方园艺, 2008, 4: 35-37.
Wu Q S, Xia R X, Zou Y N, et al. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and antioxidant enzymes of micropropagated citrus. Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology, 2006, 12(5): 635-639.
范继红, 杨国亭, 李桂伶. 接种VA菌根对黄檗幼苗生长的影响. 东北林业大学学报, 2006, 34(2): 18-19.
陈丹明, 郭娜, 郭绍霞. 丛枝菌根真菌对牡丹生长及相关生理指标的影响. 西北植物学报, 2010, 30(1): 0131-0135.
闫明, 钟章成. 铝胁迫对感染丛枝菌根真菌的樟树幼苗生长的影响. 林业科学, 2007, 43(4): 59-65.
王亚军, 唐明, 张峰峰, 等. 外生菌根真菌对杉木的接种效应. 西北植物学报, 2006, 26(9): 1900-1904.
Wang M Y, Christie P, Xiao Z Y, et al. Arbuscular mycorrhizal enhancement of iron concentration by Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf and Citrus reticulata Blanco grown on sand medium under different pH. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2008, 45(1): 65-72.
Wang Y T, Qiu Q, Yang Z Y, et al. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in two mangroves in South China. Plant Soil, 2010, 331(1/2): 181-191.
陈志超, 田长彦, 石兆勇, 等. 接种AM真菌对短命植物生长发育及矿质养分吸收的影响. 植物生态学报, 2008, 32(3): 648-653.
Jin L, Wang S H, Wang X J, et al. Seed size influences arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis across leguminous host-plant species at the seedling stage. Symbiosis, 2009, 49(2): 111-116.
Liang J, Sun Z Q, Qu Z W, et al. Long-term effect of an ectomycorrhizal inoculum and other treatments on survival and growth of Populus hopeiensis Hu et Chow. Forest Ecology and Management, 2010, 259: 2223-2232.
Johnson N C, Greham J H, Smith F A. Functioning of mycorrhizal associations along the mutualism-parasitism continuum. New Phytologist, 1997, 135: 575-585.
Marler M J, Zabinski C A, Callaway R M. Mycorrhizae indirectly enhance competitive effects of an invasive forb on a native bunchgrass. Ecology, 1999, 80: 1180-1186.
Jin L, Zhang G Q, Wang X J, et al. Arbuscular mycorrhiza regulate inter-specific competition between a poisonous plant, Ligularia virgaurea, and a co-existing grazing grass, Elymus nutans, in Tibetan Plateau Alpine meadow ecosystem. Symbiosis, 2011, 55: 29-38.
石伟琦. 丛枝菌根真菌对内蒙古草原大针茅群落的影响. 生态环境学报, 2010, 19(2): 344-349.
蔡晓布, 冯固, 钱成, 等. 丛枝菌根真菌对西藏高原草地植物和土壤环境的影响. 土壤学报, 2007, 44(1): 63-71.
毕银丽, 吴王燕, 刘银平. 丛枝菌根在煤矸石山土地复垦中的应用. 生态学报, 2007, 27(9): 3738-3743.
Chen Y, Yuan J G, Yang Z Y, et al. Associations between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Rhynchrelyrum repens in abandoned quarries in southern China. Plant Soil, 2008, 304(1/2): 257-266.
程国玲, 李培军. 小叶白蜡接种外生菌根真菌对土壤石油烃的降解效果. 生态学杂志, 2007, 26(3): 389-392.
Johnson D, Ijdo M, Genney D R, et al. How do plants regulate the function, community structure, and diversity of mycorrhizal fungi?. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2005, 56(417): 1751-1760.
白淑兰, 刘勇, 周晶, 等. 大青山外生菌根真菌资源与生态研究. 生态学报, 2006, 26(3): 837-841.
Zhao D, Zhao Z W. Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the hot-dry valley of the Jinsha River, southwest China. Applied Soil Ecology, 2007, 37: 118-128.
李敏, 陈琳, 肖燕, 等. 丛枝真菌对互花米草和芦苇氮磷吸收的影响. 生态学报, 2009, 29(7): 3960-3969.
Yang R Y, Yu G D, Tang J J, et al. Effect of metal lead on grown and mycorrhizae of an invasive plant species (Solidago canadensis L.). Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2008, 20(6): 739-744.
Jin L, Gu Y J, Xiao M, et al. The history of Solidago canadensis invasion and the development of its mycorrhizal associations in newly reclaimed land. Functional Plant Biology, 2004, 31(10):979-986.
唐建军, 张倩, 杨如意, 等. 外来植物加拿大一枝黄花对入侵地丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)的影响. 科技通报, 2009, 25(2): 233-237.
于富强, 肖月芹, 刘培贵. 云南松(Pinus yunnanensis)林外生菌根真菌的时空分布. 生态学报, 2007, 27(6): 2325-2333.
仲凯, 刘红霞. 菌根研究的新特点及应用. 生态科学, 2008, 27(3): 169-178.
金樑, 陈国良, 赵银, 等. 丛枝菌根对盐胁迫的响应及其与宿主植物的互作. 生态环境, 2007, 16(1): 228-233.
董秀丽, 赵斌. 嵌套多重PCR--研究田间植物部分丛枝菌根真菌和微生物区系的一个可行技术. 中国科学:生命科学版, 2006, 36(1): 59-65.
蔡柏岩, 接光伟, 葛菁萍, 等. 黄檗根围丛枝菌根(AM)真菌的分离与分子鉴定. 菌物学报, 2008, 27(6): 884-893.
Long L K, Yao Q, Guo J, et al. Molecular community analysis of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with five selected plant species from heavy metal polluted soils. European Journal of Soil Biology, 2010, 46: 288-294.
Li L F, Li T, Zhang Y, et al. Molecular diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their distribution patterns related to host-plants and habitats in a hot and arid ecosystem, southwest China. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 2010, 71(3): 418-427.
李海波, 吴学谦, 应国华, 等. 缘盖牛肝菌纯培养菌种的RAPD和ITS分子标记鉴定. 食用菌学报, 2007, 14(1): 1-5.
Kowalchuk G A, Gerards S, Woldendorp J W. Detection and characterization of fungi infections of Ammophila arenaria (marram grass) roots by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of specifically amplified 18S rDNA. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1997, 63: 3858-3865.
颜慧, 蔡祖聪, 钟文辉. 磷脂脂肪酸分析方法及其在土壤微生物多样性研究中的应用. 土壤学报, 2006, 43(5): 851-859.
Gao Q, Yang Z L. Ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with two species of Kobresia in an alpine meadow in the eastern Himalaya. Mycorrhiza, 2010, 20: 281-287.
谢雪丹, 刘培贵, 于富强. 云南松幼苗上红菇类菌根真菌的物种多样性及菌根形态. 云南植物研究, 2010, 32(3): 211-220.
陈立红, 闫伟, 徐燕. 土生空团菌(Cenococcum geophilum Fr.)的菌种鉴定及其遗传多样性的初步分析. 中国农业科学, 2007, 40(10): 2214-2220.
李武斌, 何丙辉, 王力, 等. 九寨沟马脑壳金矿矿山土壤养分空间分布格局. 草业学报, 2011, 20(3): 1-9.
Zhang H H, Tang M, Chen H, et al. Effect of inoculation with AM fungi on lead uptake, translocation and stress alleviation of Zea mays L. seedlings planting in soil increasing lead concentrations. European Journal of Soil Biology, 2010, 46(5): 306-311.
Yu Y, Zhang S Z, Huang H L, et al. Uptake of arsenic by maize inoculated with three different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2010, 41(6): 735-743.
Li Y, Peng J, Shi P, et al. The effect of Cd on mycorrhizal development and enzyme activity of Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices in Astragalus sinicus L.. Chemosphere, 2009, 75(7): 894-899.
Chen X H, Zhao B. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi mediated uptake of nutrient elements by Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) grown in lanthanum spiked soil. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2009, 45(6): 675-678.
Wang F Y, Lin X G, Yin R. Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculation on heavy metal accumulation of maize grown in a naturally contaminated soil. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2007, 9(4): 345-353.
赵平娟, 安锋, 唐明. 丛枝菌根真菌对连翘幼苗抗旱性的影响. 西北植物学报, 2007, 27(2): 0396-0399.
Zhong C L, Zhang Y, Chen Y, et al. Casuarina research and applications in China. Symbiosis, 2010, 50(1/2): 107-114.
宋会兴, 彭远英, 钟章成. 干旱生境中接种丛枝菌根真菌对三叶鬼针草(Bidens pilosa L.)光合特征的影响. 生态学报, 2008, 28(8): 3744-3751.
徐超, 吴小芹. 菌根化马尾松对干旱胁迫的响应及其内源多胺的变化. 西北植物学报, 2009, 29(2): 296-301.
Huang Z, He C X, He Z Q, et al. The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on reactive oxyradical scavenging system of tomato under salt tolerance. Agricultural Sciences in China, 2010, 9(8): 1150-1159.
Jin L, Sun X W, Wang X J, et al. Synergistic interactions of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobia promoted the growth of Lathyrus sativus under sulphate salt stress. Symbiosis, 2010, 50(3): 157-164.
Wu Q S, Zou Y N, He X H. Contributions of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to growth, photosynthesis, root morphology and ionic balance of citrus seedlings under salt stress. Acta Physiology Plant, 2010, 32(2): 297-304.
吴小芹, 孙民琴, 高悦, 等. 几种外生菌根菌对松苗抗非根部病害的影响. 林业科学, 2007, 43(6): 88-93.
黄京华, 曾任森, 骆世明. AM菌根真菌诱导对提高玉米纹枯病抗性的初步研究. 中国生态农业学报, 2006, 14(3): 169-169.
王勇, 吴小芹, 叶建仁. 不同定植处理对杨树溃疡病发生发展的影响. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 33(1): 12-14.
Hu J L, Lin X G, Wang J H, et al. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculation enhances suppression of cucumber fusarium wilt in greenhouse soils. Pedosphere, 2010, 20(5): 586-593.
Zhang L D, Zhang J L, Christie P, et al. Effect of inoculation with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices on the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in cucumber. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 2009, 32(6): 976-979.
晁元卿, 黄艺, 费颖恒, 等. 外生菌根真菌Xerocomus chrysenteron 对DDT胁迫的耐受性及酶响应研究. 环境科学, 2008, 29(3): 788-794.
礼晓, 黄艺, 魏志成. 两种纯培养外生菌根真菌对柴油的降解效率. 应用生态学报, 2008, 19(7): 1579-1584.
Gao Y Z, Cheng Z X, Ling W T, et al. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal hyphae contribute to the uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by plant roots. Bioresource Technology, 2010, 101(18): 6895-6901.
莫亿伟, 郭振飞, 谢江辉. 温度胁迫对柱花草叶绿素荧光参数和光合速率的影响. 草业学报, 2011, 20(1): 96-101.
Zhu X C, Song F B, Xu H W. Influence of arbuscular mycorrhiza on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activity of maize plants under temperature stress. Mycorrhiza, 2010, 20(5): 325-332.
Zhu X C, Song F B, Xu H W. Arbuscular mycorrhizae improves low temperature stress in maize via alterations in host water status and photosynthesis. Plant Soil, 2010, 331(1/2): 129-137.
Tang J J, Xu L M, Chen X, et al. Interaction between C-4 barnyard grass and C-3 upland rice under elevated CO₂: Impact of mycorrhizae. Acta Oecologica, 2009, 35(2): 227-235.
吴小芹, 孙民琴. 七株外生菌根真菌与三种松苗菌根的形成能力. 生态学报, 2006, 26(12): 4186-4191.
孙民琴, 吴小芹, 叶建仁. 外生菌根真菌对不同松树出苗和生长的影响. 南京林业大学学报(自然科学版), 2007, 31(5): 39-43.
张成梁, 王伟, 黄艺, 等. 外生菌根真菌及其接种白皮松生长对煤矸石胁迫的反应. 林业科学, 2008, 44(12): 68-71.
Zheng W S, Fei Y H, Huang Y. Soluble protein and acid phosphatase exuded by ectomycorrhizal fungi and seedlings in response to excessive Cu and Cd. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2009, 21(12): 1667-1672.
黄艺, 彭博, 李婷, 等. 外生菌根真菌对重金属铜镉污染土壤中油松生长和元素积累分布的影响. 植物生态学报, 2007, 31(5): 923-929.
刘敏, 陈刚, 李存英. 川东南马尾松外生菌根苗及其抗铝性研究. 北方园艺, 2007, (11): 205-208.
朱教君, 康宏樟, 许美玲, 等. 外生菌根真菌对科尔沁沙地樟子松人工林衰退的影响. 应用生态学报, 2007, 18(12): 2693-2698.
Tan Z M, Shen A R, Fu S C. Succussful cultivation of Lactarius hatsutake an evaluation with molecular methods. Acta Edulis Fungi, 2008, 15(3): 85-88.
付绍春, 谭琦, 陈明杰, 等. 美味牛肝菌与马尾松幼苗无菌条件下的外生菌根合成. 食用菌学报, 2009, 16(1): 31-36.
张伦,刘世农,冯胜斌,等. 贵州林木外生菌根食用真菌的初步调查. 西南农业学报, 2009, 22(6): 1702-1708.
陈宇航, 陈政明. 菌根多样性对红楮林细根生物量及红菇采收量的影响. 中国生态农业学报, 2007, 15(5): 171-173.
Azul A M, Ramos V, Sales F. Early effects of fire on herbacous vegetation and mycorrhizal symbiosis in high altitude grasslands of Natural Park of Estrela Mountain(PNSE). Symbiosis, 2010, 52(2-3): 113-123.
Choudhury B, Kalita M C, Azad P. Distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in marshy and shoreline vegetation of Deepar Beel Ramsar Site of Assam, India. World Journal of Microbiology&Biotechnology, 2010, 26(11): 1965-1971.
Gamby D A, Marc-Andre S, Antoine G. Multi-host ectomycorrhizal fungi are predominant in a Guinean tropical rainforest and shared between canopy trees and seedlings. Environmental Microbiology, 2010, 12(8): 2219-2232.
Philippe J, Marc D, Robert R. Nickel-tolerant ectomycorrhizal Pisolithus albus ultramafic ecotype isolated from nickel mines in New Caledonia strongly enhance growth of the host plant Eucalyptus globulus at toxic nickel concentrations. Tree Physiology, 2010, 30(10): 1311-1319.
Sharron C, John D, Tamar B. Growth responses to and accumulation of mercury by ectomycorrhizal fungi. Fungal Biology, 2010, 114(10): 873-880.
Arias J A, Peralta-Videa J R, Ellzey J T. Effects of Glomus deserticola inoculation on Prosopis: Enhancing chromium and lead uptake and translocation as confirmed by X-ray mapping, ICP-OES and TEM techniques. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2010, 68(2): 139-148.
Cullings K W, New M H, Makhija S. Effects of litter addition on ectomycorrhizal associates of a lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) stand in Yellowstone National Park. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2003, 69(7): 3772-3776.

[1]	李媛媛,王晓娟,豆存艳,林双双,罗巧玉,崔慧君,孙莉,金樑. 四种宿主植物及其不同栽培密度对AM真菌扩繁的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2013, 22(5): 128-135.
[2]	林兴生,林占熺,林冬梅,林辉,罗海凌,胡应平,林春梅,朱朝枝. 低温胁迫5种菌草的抗寒性评价[J]. 草业学报, 2013, 22(2): 227-234.