苜蓿草地土壤氮矿化的研究

草业学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (2): 11-17.

苜蓿草地土壤氮矿化的研究

韩方虎,沈禹颖^*,王希,周少平,杨晶,耿丽英

重点开放实验室，内蒙古呼和浩特 010010;
4.内蒙古师范大学化学与环境科学学院，内蒙古呼和浩特 010022

收稿日期:2008-03-31 出版日期:2009-04-20 发布日期:2009-04-20
作者简介:韩方虎(1982-), 男, 江苏沛县人, 硕士。E-mail: hanfh05@lzu.cn
基金资助:
973 项目(2007CB106804), 澳大利亚国际农业中心项目(LWR2/1999/094),中澳政府间科技合作项目(2005DFA30030-6)和农业部草地农业生态系统学重点实验室资助。

Nitrogen mineralization in alfalfa stands

HAN Fang-hu, SHEN Yu-ying, WANG Xi, ZHOU Shao-ping, YANG Jing, GENG Li-ying

College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Grassland
Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China

Received:2008-03-31 Online:2009-04-20 Published:2009-04-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 12周温室培养条件下,研究了淋洗起始矿质氮、施N和植被覆盖对庆阳黄土高原5龄和9龄苜蓿草地土壤氮矿化的影响。结果表明,起始无机氮对土壤N矿化有一定的抑制作用,去除起始无机氮后,N净矿化率提高了0.05～0.07 mg/(kg·d)。添加外源N肥使5龄苜蓿草地NO₃^--N含量增加了56倍,N净矿化率提高了200%;9龄苜蓿草地NO₃^--N含量仅增加了2倍,N净矿化率降低了62.5%。植被覆盖对土壤N净矿化率有显著影响,N净矿化率比对照提高了12～18倍。施N肥且覆盖植被使N净矿化率提高了18～25倍。9龄苜蓿土壤的矿化能力显著高于5龄苜蓿土壤。在草田轮作系统中,苜蓿土壤翻耕后不宜休闲,应立即种植后续作物,可减少雨季土壤表层氮的淋失,提高氮素有效性。

Abstract: Greenhouse incubation experiments (12 weeks) were used to explore the influence of leaching initial mineral N, N fertilizers, and vegetation coverage on soil nitrogen mineralization of 5- and 9-year alfalfa (Medicago sativa) grasslands in the Qingyang Loess Plateau. The initial mineral N affected N mineralization and the net N mineralization rate increased by 0.05-0.07 mg/(kg·d) after the initial N was taken away. When N fertilization was adopted, the content of NO₃^--N in 5- and 9-year alfalfa grassland increased by 56 and 2 times respectively and net N mineralization rate increased by 200% in 5-year alfalfa grassland, but decreased by 62.5% in 9-year alfalfa grassland. Moreover, planting ryegrass (Lolium perenne) significantly affected N mineralization rate. For instance, net N mineralization rates in treatments with ryegrass were 12 to 18 times higher than in the control, and reached the highest values in the treatment N+Rye, where they were 18 to 25 times higher than in the controls. N mineralization potential in 9-year alfalfa stands was higher than in 5-year alfalfa. In grass-crop rotation systems on the Loess Plateau, succession plants should be sowed immediately after alfalfa is removed as dense plant coverage should reduce the risk of losing NO₃^-and thus enhance N availability in the rainy season.

中图分类号:

韩方虎,沈禹颖,王希,周少平,杨晶,耿丽英. 苜蓿草地土壤氮矿化的研究[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(2): 11-17.

HAN Fang-hu, SHEN Yu-ying, WANG Xi, ZHOU Shao-ping, YANG Jing, GENG Li-ying. Nitrogen mineralization in alfalfa stands[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2009, 18(2): 11-17.

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