不同组合饲粮对绵羊瘤胃代谢参数的影响

草业学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (3): 136-142.

不同组合饲粮对绵羊瘤胃代谢参数的影响

李勇^1,2,郝正里¹,李发弟^1,3*,郑琛¹,张晓庆^1,4,吴秋珏^1,5,叶得河⁶

1.甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州 730070;
2.周口职业技术学院,河南周口 466001;
3.甘肃省饲料工程技术研究中心,甘肃兰州 730070;
4.中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010;
5.河南科技大学动物科学技术学院,河南洛阳 471003;
6.甘肃农业大学动物医学院,甘肃兰州 730070

收稿日期:2009-10-10 出版日期:2011-03-25 发布日期:2011-06-20
通讯作者: E-mail: Lifd@gsau.edu.cn
作者简介:李勇(1978-),男,甘肃静宁人,讲师,硕士。
基金资助:
国家农业科技成果转化资金项目(2008GB2G100324),教育部春晖计划项目(Z2004-1-62022)和甘肃省农业科技成果转化基金项目(0704XCNA008)资助。

Effect of different combinations of diet on rumen metabolic parameters of sheep

LI Yong^1,2, HAO Zheng-li¹, LI Fa-di^1,3, ZHENG Chen¹, ZHANG Xiao-qing^1,4, WU Qiu-jue^1,5, YE De-he⁶

1.College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
2.Department of Animal Science and Technology, Zhoukou Vocational and Technical College, Zhoukou 466001, China;
3.Gansu Feed Engineering and Technology Research Center, Lanzhou 730070, China;
4.Grassland Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010010, China;
5.College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China;
6.College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China

Received:2009-10-10 Online:2011-03-25 Published:2011-06-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究不同饲粮组合,即对照饲粮(Ⅰ)、8%甜菜渣(Ⅱ)和8%苹果渣饲粮(Ⅲ)对瘤胃代谢参数的影响,选用3只安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的甘肃高山细毛羯羊(平均体质量22.5 kg),采用3×3拉丁方设计方案进行了试验。试验的3个饲粮循环均为预试期10 d,正试期9 d。结果表明, 1)各处理试羊的瘤胃液pH均值较相近(P＞0.05)。2)采食饲粮Ⅱ羊瘤胃液丙酸摩尔比较低(P=0.109),其乙酸/丙酸高于Ⅰ(P＜0.05)与Ⅲ(P＞0.05);但采食3种饲粮的羊均属乙酸型发酵。仅饲粮Ⅱ的总挥发性脂肪酸时段变化近似典型的抛物线;Ⅰ、Ⅲ 的总挥发性脂肪酸峰值分别出现在食后3与5 h。3)处理间瘤胃液总氮、蛋白氮、氨氮、尿素氮的均值及细菌氮浓度的差异均不显著(P＞0.05)。Ⅱ的总氮浓度始终较高,食后3,7 h呈现两峰;而其氨氮较低,食后1 h即出现峰值。Ⅰ、Ⅲ均在食后7 h达总氮最高值;Ⅰ未现峰值,Ⅲ于食后1,7 h出现峰值。可以认为:本试验饲粮间在瘤胃发酵类型与氮利用效率方面无显著差异,但仍显示出含8%甜菜渣饲粮,在稳定瘤胃环境、保持纤维素分解活性和氮利用方面有一定优势。

Abstract: Three one-and half year old Gansu high mountain fine wool wethers (average live weight 22.5 kg) per treatment were fitted with permanent rumen fistula, and used in a 3×3 Latin square design to study the effects on rumen metabolic profiles of three different diet combinations: Control, 8% dried beet pulp supplement, and 8% apple pomace supplement. Each of the three diet circulatory periods included 10 d for preliminary testing followed by 9 d for sampling during the whole experiment. The average pH value of rumen liquid was similar in all treatments (P＞0.05). The propionic molar ratio of rumen liquid of sheep fed with diet Ⅱ tended to be lower (P=0.109), and the ratio between acetic and propionic was higher for Ⅱ than for Ⅰ (P＜0.05) and Ⅲ (P＞0.05), but the rumen fermentation in all treatments belonged to the acetic acid type. The time changes of TVFA for diet Ⅱ had a similar parabola, and the highest values of TVFA for diets Ⅰ and Ⅲ were measured at 3 or 5 h after feeding respectively. There were no significant differences between the three treatments (P＞0.05) in the means of total N, protein N, NH₃-N, urea N, and the concentrations of bacterial N in rumen fluid. For diet Ⅱ, the concentrates of total N were always higher with two peaks observed at 3 and 5 h after feeding, but the NH₃-N levels were lower and the peak appeared 1 h after feeding. All the highest values of total N for Ⅰ and Ⅲ were measured at 7 h after feeding, and the peak of NH₃-N was observed at 1 and at 7 h after feeding for Ⅲ, but not for I. It is suggested that there were no significant differences in the types of rumen fermentation and in the efficiencies of nitrogen utilization among the three treatments but diet Ⅱ showed some superiority, for stabilizing rumen surroundings, maintaining fibrolytic activity and utilizing N compared with Ⅰ and Ⅲ.

中图分类号:

S826.4⁺1

李勇,郝正里,李发弟,郑琛,张晓庆,吴秋珏,叶得河. 不同组合饲粮对绵羊瘤胃代谢参数的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(3): 136-142.

LI Yong, HAO Zheng-li, LI Fa-di, ZHENG Chen, ZHANG Xiao-qing, WU Qiu-jue, YE De-he. Effect of different combinations of diet on rumen metabolic parameters of sheep[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2011, 20(3): 136-142.

参考文献

[1] 贺克勇, 杨帆, 薛泉宏, 等. 鲜苹果渣蛋白饲料发酵工艺研究[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报, 2007, 35(11): 90-94.
[2] 李勇, 郝正里, 李发弟, 等. 不同组合饲粮对绵羊消化代谢的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(1): 112-117.
[3] 孙攀峰, 高腾云, 肖杰. 苹果渣饲用价值的研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2004, 31(6): 13-16.
[4] 李静, 玉柱, 孙启忠, 等. 尿素对甜菜渣青贮品质的影响[J]. 饲料研究, 2009, 2: 39-41.
[5] 山本朱美. 减少猪尿氮排泄量及粪尿产氨量的技术[J]. 潘雪男, 译. 国外畜牧学——猪与禽, 2005, (3): 29-33.
[6] 冯宗慈. 通过比色法测定瘤胃液氨氮含量方法的改进[J]. 内蒙古畜牧科学, 1993, (4): 40-41.
[7] 胡明. 苜蓿皂甙对绵羊瘤胃发酵及其它生理功能影响的研究[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2006.
[8] 秦为琳. 应用气相色谱测定瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸方法的研究改进[J]. 南京农学院学报, 1982, (4): 110-114.
[9] 张昌吉, 刘哲, 郝正里. 含不同秸秆的全饲粮颗粒料对绵羊瘤胃代谢参数的影响[J]. 草业科学, 2008, 25(1): 82-86.
[10] 韩正康, 陈杰. 反刍动物瘤胃的消化和代谢[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1988.
[11] Murphy J J, Kennelly J J. Effect of protein concentrate and protein source on the degradability of dry matter and protein in situ[J]. Dairy Science, 1987, 70: 1841-1849.
[12] Allison M N, Smith R H. Biosynthesis of amino acids by ruminal microgranisms[J]. Animal Science, 1967, 29: 797-807.
[13] 刘晓牧, 王中华, 李福昌,等. 精料补饲水平对绵羊饲料利用效率和氮平衡的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报, 2004, 35(3): 266-269.
[14] 甘伯中, 程胜利, 郝正里, 等. 全饲粮颗粒料对羔羊瘤胃代谢产物浓度变化的影响[J]. 中国草食动物, 2003, 23(4): 10-12.
[15] Harrison D G. Manipulation of rumen fermentation in sheep by increasing the rate of flow of water from the rumen[J]. Agricultural Science Camb, 1975, (8): 85-93.
[16] 王聪, 刘强, 董群,等.日粮补充苹果酸对牛瘤胃发酵和养分消化代谢的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(3): 224-231.
[17] Ortega M E, Stern M D, Satter L D. The effect of rumen ammonia concentrate on dry matter disappearance in situ[J]. Dairy Science, 1979, 62(Suppl 1): 76.
[18] Preston R R. Trapieal animal feeding: A man for research workers No 126 FAO fechuical papers[J]. Animal Production and Health Papel, 1995, 23(4): 101-102.
[19] 史清河, 韩友文, 刘丽梅, 等. 全收粪法与尼龙袋法测定幼羊全混合日粮养分消化率的相关性研究[J]. 东北农业大学学报, 2000, 31(3): 270-274.
[20] 孙海洲. 反刍动物瘤胃微生物的生长与维持[J]. 内蒙古畜牧科学, 2001, 3: 15.
[21] 阳伏林, 王虎成, 郭旭生, 等. 用尿中嘌呤衍生物估测瘤胃微生物蛋白产量的研究进展[J]. 草业学报, 2008, 17(1): 121-129.