西北寒旱地区舍饲湖羊生长发育特征研究

doi:10.11686/cyxb2016076

草业学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (1): 168-177.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2016076

西北寒旱地区舍饲湖羊生长发育特征研究

莫负涛¹, 李发弟^1,2,3, 王维民^1,3,*, 喇永富¹, 张小雪¹, 刘婷¹, 唐德富¹, 乐祥鹏², 李飞², 李冲¹, 李万宏², 肖金玉², 谭建华³, 武得虎⁴

1.甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州 730070;
2.兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州 730020;
3.甘肃省肉羊繁育生物技术工程实验室,甘肃民勤 733300;
4.金昌中天羊业有限公司,甘肃金昌 737100

收稿日期:2016-03-03 出版日期:2017-01-20 发布日期:2017-01-20
通讯作者: E-mail: wangwm@gsau.edu.cn
作者简介:莫负涛(1989-),女,甘肃定西人,硕士。E-mail:392998237@qq.com
基金资助:
甘肃省科技支撑计划(144NKCC049),现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-39)和高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(博导类)(20130211110033)资助

Performance of Hu sheep in the cold, arid area’s of North-West China

MO Fu-Tao¹, LI Fa-Di^1,2,3, WANG Wei-Min^1,3,*, LA Yong-Fu¹, ZHANG Xiao-Xue¹, LIU Ting¹, TANG De-Fu¹, YUE Xiang-Peng², LI Fei², LI Chong¹, LI Wan-Hong², XIAO Jin-Yu², TAN Jian-Hua³, WU De-Hu⁴

1.College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
2.College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China;
3.Sheep Breeding Biotechnology Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province,Minqin 733300, China;
4.Jinchang Zhongtian Sheep Industry Co. Ltd., Jinchang 737100, China

Received:2016-03-03 Online:2017-01-20 Published:2017-01-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 湖羊是世界上稀有的绵羊地方品种,以多胎、早熟、早期生长发育快、宜舍饲等优良性能而著名。为系统了解湖羊生长发育的基本规律,更好地开发利用湖羊这一优良地方品种资源,本研究以3,6,12和24月龄湖羊公羊为对象,每个时间点随机选择6只,共24只,测定其体重、组织器官及消化道各个部分重量、肠道长度及肉品质相关参数。结果表明,3~6月龄湖羊生长速率最快,6月龄之后逐渐降低;3~6月龄之间心、肝、脾、肺、肾、头蹄和皮的增长强度随着日龄的增大而增长,除头、蹄、皮外,其他内脏器官的生长强度逐渐降低,12月龄之后趋于稳定;头、蹄、皮的生长在6月龄之后趋于稳定,仍然保持较高的生长强度;瘤胃的生长强度始终大于体重生长强度,小肠的生长始终小于体重,而除直肠外,大肠的生长强度与体重相近。6月龄湖羊公羔与12月龄相比屠宰率、眼肌面积无显著差异,而6月龄湖羊公羔背膘厚极显著增高,随着年龄的增长肉色逐渐变暗。综合以上各项指标认为,本试验条件下,6月龄为肥羔生产最佳屠宰日龄。

Abstract: Hu sheep are one of the world’s rare localised sheep breeds; it is known for high fecundity, early maturity, rapid growth rates and being suitable for stabling. In order to understand the growth and development and enable better utilization of the traits of Hu sheep male sheep 3, 6, 12 and 24 months of age were assessed to determine live weight, the weight of different body components including the digestive tract weight, intestinal length, and meat quality traits. Results indicated that Hu sheep grow fastest between 3 to 6 months of age; after 6 months, relative growth rates begin to decline. Organ growth (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, head and feet, skin and wool) increased with age between 3 to 6 months, though the head, feet, skin and wool were relatively stable, growth of remaining organs gradually reduced becoming stable by age 12 months. The growth rate of the rumen was always greater than growth in live weight, while the growth rate of the small intestine was less, with the exception of colorectal growth which was similar to live weight growth. Compared to 12 month old sheep, 6 month old male Hu sheep have better back fat thickness and eye muscle area with no difference in dress out and loin eye area. Meat colour darkened with age. It was concluded that the optimal age for slaughter was 6 months.

莫负涛, 李发弟, 王维民, 喇永富, 张小雪, 刘婷, 唐德富, 乐祥鹏, 李飞, 李冲, 李万宏, 肖金玉, 谭建华, 武得虎. 西北寒旱地区舍饲湖羊生长发育特征研究[J]. 草业学报, 2017, 26(1): 168-177.

MO Fu-Tao, LI Fa-Di, WANG Wei-Min, LA Yong-Fu, ZHANG Xiao-Xue, LIU Ting, TANG De-Fu, YUE Xiang-Peng, LI Fei, LI Chong, LI Wan-Hong, XIAO Jin-Yu, TAN Jian-Hua, WU De-Hu. Performance of Hu sheep in the cold, arid area’s of North-West China[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2017, 26(1): 168-177.

参考文献

[1] Wang W. Protection, Exploitation and Utilization of Hu Sheep[D]. Suzhou: Suzhou University, 2007.
王伟. 湖羊种质资源的保护及开发利用[D]. 苏州: 苏州大学, 2007.
[2] Zhang J N, Liu H, Miao Q H, et al . Direction of adjustment is given priority to with producing wool sheep breeding production, speed up the pace to produce high quality meat sheep in the western conference. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2004, 40(1): 5-8.
张居农, 刘红, 苗启华, 等. 调整以产毛为主的养羊生产方向加快西部优质肉羊生产的步伐. 中国畜牧杂志, 2004, 40(1): 5-8.
[3] Zhao Y Z. Efficient Production Technology of Mutton Sheep[M]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2002: 5-8.
赵有璋. 肉羊高效生产技术[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2002: 5-8.
[4] Xu N Y, Dai X M. Growth traits genetic parameter estimates of Hu sheep. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural University, 1994, 20(1): 102-105.
徐宁迎, 戴旭明. 湖羊生长性状遗传参数的估测. 浙江农业大学学报, 1994, 20(1): 102-105.
[5] Zhang Q F, Bai L Q, He X C, et al . Study of fat lamb meat performance and its influencing factors of Hu sheep. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 1988, 3: 14.
张泉福, 白莲清, 何锡昌, 等. 湖羊肥羔产肉性能及其影响因素的研究. 浙江农业科学, 1988, 3: 14.
[6] Chen L, Lv X Y, Wang Q Z, et al . The growth curve model predicts and trend analysis of Hu sheep. Chinese Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science, 2014, 41(12): 239-243.
陈玲, 吕晓阳, 王庆增, 等. 湖羊生长发育曲线模型预测及趋势分析. 中国畜牧兽医, 2014, 41(12): 239-243.
[7] Harmon D L. Nutritional regulation of postruminal digestive enzymes in ruminants. Journal of Dairy Science, 1993, 76(7): 2102-2111.
[8] Chen J. The Physiology of Cattle[M]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2005: 154-156.
陈杰. 家畜生理学[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2005: 154-156.
[9] Ding L, Chen D, An J J, et al . Development of digestive parameters and body mass index of guanzhong dairy goat.Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Occidentalis Sinica, 2007, 16(5): 36-40.
丁莉, 陈鼎, 安加俊, 等. 关中奶山羊体量发育与消化道参数变化规律的研究. 西北农业学报, 2007, 16(5): 36-40.
[10] Jia H N. The Study of Developmental Characteristics of Digestive System of Dazu Black Goat[D]. Chongqing: Xinan University, 2014.
贾会囡. 大足黑山羊消化系统发育特征研究[D]. 重庆: 西南大学, 2014.
[11] Li H. Effects of Protein Level and Source on Nutrient Utilization and Gastrointestinal Characteristics in Early-weaning Calves[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2008.
李辉. 蛋白水平与来源对早期断奶犊牛消化代谢及胃肠道结构的影响[D]. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2008.
[12] Zhang J Q, Yue D B, Luo H L, et al . The effects of various dietary vitamin E on growth and development of the internal organs of Aohan merino sheep. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2010, 46(17): 43-46.
张晋青, 岳度兵, 罗海玲, 等. 日粮中维生素E水平对敖汉细毛羊内脏器官生长发育的影响. 中国畜牧杂志, 2010, 46(17): 43-46.
[13] Hou P X. Studies on the Early Supplement of Lamb and Mutton Quality of Different Stages of Weight in Tan Sheep[D]. Yinchuan: Ningxia University, 2014.
侯鹏霞. 滩羊羔羊早期补饲以及不同体重阶段羊肉品质的研究[D]. 银川: 宁夏大学, 2014.
[14] Guo P T, Mao F X, Luo H L, et al . The effect of concentrate supplement on production performance and meat quality of sheep and goats of Guizhou province. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2015, 51(19): 33-37.
郭娉婷, 毛凤显, 罗海玲, 等. 补饲精料对贵州地区绵山羊生产性能及肉品质的影响. 中国畜牧杂志, 2015, 51(19): 33-37.
[15] Yang Z J, Li S L, Deng L, et al . The effect of feeding whole milk and milk replacer on growth performance and carcass traits of the small white cow. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2010, 46(1): 31-33.
杨再俊, 李胜利, 邓磊, 等. 饲喂全乳和代乳粉对小白牛生长性能和胴体性状的影响. 中国畜牧杂志, 2010, 46(1): 31-33.
[16] Trout G R. A rapid method for measuring pigment concentration in porcine and other low pigmented muscles. Common wealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, 1991: 1198-1201.
[17] Li F C, Hao S Y. Study of meat quality on Bohai black cattle. Journal of Yellow Cattle Science, 2001, 27(1): 12-15.
李福昌, 郝思英. 渤海黑牛肉品品质的研究. 黄牛杂志, 2001, 27(1): 12-15.
[18] Mignon-Grasteau S, Beaumont C, Ricard F H. Genetic analysis of a selection experiment on the growth curve of chickens. Poultry science, 2001, 80(7): 849-854.
[19] Deng W, Pang Y Z, Zhao R Q, et al . The study on weight growth characteristics of Henan Big Tail Sheep. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2006, 42(17): 1-4.
邓雯, 庞有志, 赵茹茜, 等. 河南大尾寒羊体重生长特性的研究. 中国畜牧杂志, 2006, 42(17): 1-4.
[20] Guo J P. Effects of Complete Pellet Diets with Different Nutrition Level on Fattening of Early Weaning Lambs[D]. Lanzhou: Gansu Agricultural University, 2005.
郭江鹏. 不同营养水平全颗粒饲粮对早期断奶羔羊的育肥效果[D]. 兰州: 甘肃农业大学, 2005.
[21] Xu P. Study on Application of Early Weaning for Lamb[D].Lanzhou: Gansu Agricultural University, 2008.
徐平. 羔羊早期断奶应用研究[D]. 兰州: 甘肃农业大学, 2008.
[22] Sun J, Hui W Q, Yuan W T, et al . The determination and analysis of sheepmeat quality traits. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2008, 36(28): 12275-12276.
孙杰, 惠文巧, 袁文涛, 等. 绵羊肉品质性状的测定与分析. 安徽农业科学, 2008, 36(28): 12275-12276.
[23] Chen Y Z. Evaluation and influence factors of sheep meat quality. Heilongjiang Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, 2011, (14): 53-54.
陈艳珍. 羊肉品质的评定指标及影响因素. 黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2011, (14): 53-54.
[24] Bressan M C, Rodrigues E C, Rossato L V, et al . Physicochemical properties of meat from Bostaurus and Bosindicus. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2011, 40(6): 1250-1259.
[25] Ji S. Study on Change Regulation of Growth and Development and Meat Quality of Tan Sheep under Stall Feeding[D]. Yinchuan: Ningxia University, 2013.
吉帅. 舍饲滩羊生长发育与肉品质变化规律的研究[D]. 银川: 宁夏大学, 2013.
[26] Chai J M, Diao Q Y, Tu Y, et al . Early weaned on sheep lamb organization organ development, slaughter performance and meat quality. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2014, 26(7): 1838-1847.
柴建民, 刁其玉, 屠焰, 等. 早期断奶时间对湖羊羔羊组织器官发育、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响. 动物营养学报, 2014, 26(7): 1838-1847.
[27] He J B. Study advances of early liver development. Anhui Agricultural Science, 2011, 39(19): 11580-11581.
何建波. 早期肝脏发育研究进展. 安徽农业科学, 2011, 39(19): 11580-11581.
[28] Xu G S, Diao Q Y, Ji S K, et al . Different feeding levels on the growth of meat sheep slaughtering performance and the influence of the organ index. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2012, 24(5): 953-960.
许贵善, 刁其玉, 纪守坤, 等. 不同饲喂水平对肉用绵羊生长性能、屠宰性能及器官指数的影响. 动物营养学报, 2012, 24(5): 953-960.
[29] Yue X X, Diao Q Y, Deng K D, et al . Feeding milk replacer on lamb growth performance and the influence of structure parameters. Feed Industry, 2010, 31(19): 43-46.
岳喜新, 刁其玉, 邓凯东, 等. 饲喂代乳粉对羔羊生长性能和体组织参数的影响. 饲料工业, 2010, 31(19): 43-46.
[30] Poe S E, Glimp H A, Deweese W P, et al . Effect of pre-weaning diet on the growth and development of early-weaned lambs. Journal of Animal Science, 1968, 28(3): 401-405.
[31] Qi M L, Diao Q Y, Zhang N F. The lamb rumen development research progress and its influencing factors. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2015, 51(9): 77-81.
祁敏丽, 刁其玉, 张乃锋. 羔羊瘤胃发育及其影响因素研究进展. 中国畜牧杂志, 2015, 51(9): 77-81.
[32] Avila C G, Harding R. The development of the gastrointestinal system in fetal sheep in the absence of ingested fluid. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 1991, 12(1): 96-104.
[33] Yang Y F. Livestock Anatomy and Histoembryology[M]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2003.
杨银凤. 家畜解剖学及组织胚胎学[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2003.
[34] Cui Z L. Milk Goats Pollution-free Breeding New Synthesis Technology[M]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2003.
崔中林. 奶山羊无公害养殖综合新技术[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2003.
[35] Chen D. Regulation of Intestine and Its Digestive Enzymes Activities between Small-tailed Han Sheep and Tan Sheep[D]. Yangling: Northwest A&F University, 2008.
陈鼎. 小尾寒羊和滩羊肠道发育及其主要消化酶活性变化规律研究[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2008.

西北寒旱地区舍饲湖羊生长发育特征研究

Performance of Hu sheep in the cold, arid area’s of North-West China

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 0

编辑推荐

Metrics