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草业学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 36-45.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2018285

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

垦殖对川西北高寒草地土壤中不同磷组分含量的影响

雷玮倩, 胡玉福*, 杨泽鹏, 何剑锋, 肖海华, 舒向阳, 阳帆, 李正青   

  1. 四川农业大学资源学院,四川 成都 611130
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-07 修回日期:2018-10-08 出版日期:2019-05-20 发布日期:2019-05-20
  • 通讯作者: E-mail: huyufu@sicau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:雷玮倩(1996-),女,四川成都人,在读硕士。E-mail: 452903023@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAC05B01,2015BAC05B02),国家自然基金面上项目(41771552)和四川省科技支撑计划项目(18ZDYF3210)资助

Effects of reclamation on the soil phosphorus fractions of alpine meadow in Northwest Sichuan

LEI Wei-qian, HU Yu-fu*, YANG Ze-peng, HE Jian-feng, XIAO Hai-hua, SHU Xiang-yang, YANG Fan, LI Zheng-qing   

  1. College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
  • Received:2018-05-07 Revised:2018-10-08 Online:2019-05-20 Published:2019-05-20
  • Contact: E-mail: huyufu@sicau.edu.cn

摘要: 选择川西北高寒草地垦殖3和10年后的川贝母种植地为研究对象,以邻近未开垦天然草地土壤为对照,采用修正后的Hedley磷元素分级方法,探究垦殖对川西北高寒草地土壤磷组分含量变化的影响。结果表明,垦殖导致了高寒草地土壤全磷(TP)、水溶性磷(H2O-Pi)、活性磷(NaHCO3-P)、潜在活性磷(NaOH-P)、中稳性磷(Dil.HCl-Pi)、高稳性磷(Conc.HCl-P)含量显著下降,残余态磷(Residual-P)显著上升。其中020 cm土层变化最显著,垦殖10年后,土壤TP、H2O-Pi、NaHCO3-P、NaOH-P、Dil.HCl-Pi和Conc.HCl-P分别下降了16.48%、78.98%、57.43%、26.06%、16.38%、10.87%,而Residual-P增加了40.08%。其中H2O-Pi、NaHCO3-P和NaOH-P含量变化显著高于其他组分的磷,说明磷的活性越高损失越明显。垦殖过程中,土壤H2O-Pi、NaHCO3-P和NaOH-P占全磷比重显著下降,而Dil.HCl-Pi、Conc.HCl-P和Residual-P呈上升趋势。垦殖前3年,土壤全磷及各形态磷组分的年下降率显著高于垦殖310年,说明垦殖过程中磷的损失主要发生在垦殖前期。

关键词: 川西北高寒草地, 垦殖, 土壤磷组分

Abstract: Alpine grassland in northwest Sichuan, dominated by Fritillaria cirrhosa and subject to 3 or 10 years development, was compared with nearby uncultivated natural grassland (Control) to explore the effects of development on the soil phosphorus fractions. Soil phosphorus tests were performed using a modified Hedley method. It was found that after development the levels of total phosphorus (TP), water-soluble phosphorus (H2O-Pi), active phosphorus (NaHCO3-P), potentially active phosphorus (NaOH-P), stable phosphorus (Dil. HCl-Pi) and highly stable phosphorus (Conc. HCl-P) were significantly lower than those of Control plots, while residual phosphorus (Residual-P) levels were significantly increased. These changes were most pronounced in the 0-20 cm soil layer. After 10 years of development, the levels of TP, H2O-Pi, NaHCO3-P, NaOH-P, Dil. HCl-Pi and Conc. HCl-P decreased by 16.48%, 78.98%, 57.43%, 26.06%, 16.38%, and 10.87% respectively, while Residual-P levels increased by 40.08% (P<0.05). H2O-Pi, NaHCO3-P and NaOH-P changed to a greater extent than the others, indicating the higher the activity, the greater the loss. With increased time under development, the ratios of H2O-Pi, NaHCO3-P, and NaOH-P to TP significantly decreased, while the ratios of Dil. HCl-Pi, Conc. HCl-P, and Residual-P to TP increased. In the early stages of development (0-3 years), TP and various phosphorus fractions changed faster than at the later stages (3-10 years), indicating that the losses of the various phosphorus fractions mainly occurred in the early stages of development (0-3 years).

Key words: alpine meadow in northwest Sichuan, reclamation, soil phosphorus fractions