草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 145-154.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023248
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
王一凡(), 卓兴良, 王磊, 张洪瑞, 陈雪, 吉方财, 玉柱()
收稿日期:
2023-07-18
修回日期:
2023-09-25
出版日期:
2024-06-20
发布日期:
2024-03-20
通讯作者:
玉柱
作者简介:
E-mail: yuzhu33150@sina.com基金资助:
Yi-fan WANG(), Xing-liang ZHUO, Lei WANG, Hong-rui ZHANG, Xue CHEN, Fang-cai JI, Zhu YU()
Received:
2023-07-18
Revised:
2023-09-25
Online:
2024-06-20
Published:
2024-03-20
Contact:
Zhu YU
摘要:
为探明呼伦贝尔地区适宜天然牧草收割时间以及青贮的可行性,在2022年的7月11日(T1组)、7月16日(T2组)、7月21日(T3组)、7月26日(T4组)和7月31日(T5组)收割天然牧草,采用天然干燥、青贮发酵和人工干燥3种方式加工天然牧草,评价其发酵品质、营养品质和体外消化率。结果表明:5个时间收割调制的天然牧草青贮饲料发酵品质均较好,天然牧草青贮饲料T3和T4组乳酸(LA)和乙酸(AA)含量较高,pH值和氨态氮/总氮(NH3-N/TN)较低。青贮发酵组相较于天然干燥组,T2、T3、T4和T5组收割的天然牧草,粗蛋白质(CP)含量显著增加(P<0.05),可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量显著降低(P<0.05),中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量差异不显著(P>0.05);各个时间收割的天然牧草的干物质体外消化率(IVDMD)和粗蛋白质体外消化率(IVCPD)显著增加(P<0.05)。青贮发酵组、天然干燥组和人工干燥组中,T4组收割天然牧草的CP含量均最高,NDF和ADF含量较低,IVDMD和IVCPD较高。天然牧草青贮饲料的营养品质和体外消化率高于天然干燥调制的干草,在7月26日收割的天然牧草青贮饲料品质最好,建议在7月下旬中期收割天然牧草并进行青贮。
王一凡, 卓兴良, 王磊, 张洪瑞, 陈雪, 吉方财, 玉柱. 收割时间与加工方式对天然牧草产品品质和体外消化率的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2024, 33(6): 145-154.
Yi-fan WANG, Xing-liang ZHUO, Lei WANG, Hong-rui ZHANG, Xue CHEN, Fang-cai JI, Zhu YU. Effect of harvest period and processing method on the quality and in vitro digestibility of native grass products[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(6): 145-154.
项目Item | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T5 | P值 P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH | 4.47±0.32a | 4.07±0.04c | 4.14±0.02bc | 4.06±0.06c | 4.35±0.05ab | 0.023 |
乳酸 Lactic acid (%DM) | 3.60±0.79ab | 3.16±1.06b | 4.90±0.68a | 4.88±0.24a | 2.93±0.59b | 0.017 |
乙酸Acetic acid (%DM) | 0.49±0.08b | 0.71±0.35ab | 1.41±0.55a | 1.45±0.60a | 1.02±0.30ab | 0.071 |
丙酸 Propionic acid (%DM) | 0.80±0.60ab | 0.21±0.15b | 0.98±0.37a | 0.18±0.11b | 0.68±0.40ab | 0.086 |
丁酸 Butyric acid (%DM) | 0.25±0.06ab | 0.15±0.02b | 0.13±0.04b | 0.25±0.17ab | 0.47±0.28a | 0.114 |
氨态氮Ammonia nitrogen (%TN) | 5.18±0.22ab | 5.55±1.46a | 4.19±0.29b | 4.24±0.06b | 4.14±0.23b | 0.087 |
Kaiser评分 Kaiser score | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 80 |
表1 不同收割时间对天然牧草青贮饲料发酵品质的影响
Table 1 Effects of different harvest periods on the fermentation quality of native grass silage
项目Item | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T5 | P值 P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH | 4.47±0.32a | 4.07±0.04c | 4.14±0.02bc | 4.06±0.06c | 4.35±0.05ab | 0.023 |
乳酸 Lactic acid (%DM) | 3.60±0.79ab | 3.16±1.06b | 4.90±0.68a | 4.88±0.24a | 2.93±0.59b | 0.017 |
乙酸Acetic acid (%DM) | 0.49±0.08b | 0.71±0.35ab | 1.41±0.55a | 1.45±0.60a | 1.02±0.30ab | 0.071 |
丙酸 Propionic acid (%DM) | 0.80±0.60ab | 0.21±0.15b | 0.98±0.37a | 0.18±0.11b | 0.68±0.40ab | 0.086 |
丁酸 Butyric acid (%DM) | 0.25±0.06ab | 0.15±0.02b | 0.13±0.04b | 0.25±0.17ab | 0.47±0.28a | 0.114 |
氨态氮Ammonia nitrogen (%TN) | 5.18±0.22ab | 5.55±1.46a | 4.19±0.29b | 4.24±0.06b | 4.14±0.23b | 0.087 |
Kaiser评分 Kaiser score | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 80 |
项目 Item | 加工方式 Processing method | 收割时间Harvest period | P值 P-value | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T5 | T | M | T*M | ||
干物质 Dry matter (DM,%FW) | 青贮发酵Silage fermentation | 37.07±0.29aA | 32.98±0.13cB | 35.22±0.24bA | 30.17±0.96dA | 35.56±0.14bB | <0.001 | 0.033 | 0.061 |
天然干燥 Natural drying | 38.01±0.64aA | 36.23±1.28bcA | 34.94±0.73cA | 32.00±0.80dA | 37.20±0.32abA | ||||
人工干燥Artificial drying | 37.29±1.55aA | 34.59±0.40bAB | 35.48±0.72abA | 31.63±0.67cA | 35.65±1.59abAB | ||||
粗蛋白质 Crude protein (CP,%DM) | 青贮发酵Silage fermentation | 11.13±0.11dAB | 13.20±0.34cA | 14.74±0.81abA | 15.46±0.25aA | 14.28±0.68bA | <0.001 | 0.008 | 0.026 |
天然干燥 Natural drying | 10.17±0.70dB | 12.17±0.50cB | 13.11±0.21bB | 14.47±0.30aB | 12.62±0.09bcB | ||||
人工干燥Artificial drying | 12.56±1.37cA | 12.62±0.31cAB | 14.11±0.30bA | 15.61±0.35aA | 13.37±0.45bcA | ||||
中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber (NDF,%DM) | 青贮发酵Silage fermentation | 40.39±0.75cC | 46.96±1.52aB | 44.48±1.27bAB | 41.33±1.13cA | 45.31±0.97abA | 0.009 | 0.023 | 0.241 |
天然干燥 Natural drying | 44.75±0.93bB | 49.71±2.00aAB | 42.18±1.25bcB | 40.25±1.52cA | 43.34±2.73bcA | ||||
人工干燥Artificial drying | 49.84±1.56bcA | 53.50±4.59aA | 46.09±2.15bcA | 41.33±0.48cA | 48.87±9.58bcA | ||||
酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber (ADF,%DM) | 青贮发酵Silage fermentation | 26.11±0.34cB | 30.16±0.76abA | 28.20±0.68bcA | 28.16±0.81bcA | 30.52±2.18aA | <0.001 | 0.140 | 0.017 |
天然干燥 Natural drying | 28.77±0.66bcA | 31.11±1.43aA | 29.24±0.63abA | 26.98±0.47cA | 27.49±1.81bcA | ||||
人工干燥Artificial drying | 30.61±1.37abA | 36.47±7.02aA | 28.42±1.20bA | 26.59±0.74bA | 28.09±0.83bA | ||||
可溶性碳水化合物 Water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC,%DM) | 青贮发酵Silage fermentation | 2.16±0.64aC | 0.63±0.15bC | 1.02±0.25bC | 0.73±0.29bB | 0.95±0.46bB | 0.003 | <0.001 | 0.236 |
天然干燥 Natural drying | 5.42±0.60aB | 3.62±0.47bB | 3.78±1.00abB | 3.98±1.00abA | 4.56±1.00abA | ||||
人工干燥Artificial drying | 7.44±0.46aA | 5.10±0.06bcA | 5.83±0.05bA | 4.66±0.82cA | 4.91±0.50cA | ||||
粗脂肪 Ether extract (EE,%DM) | 青贮发酵Silage fermentation | 3.61±0.32bB | 3.62±0.17bB | 4.29±0.22aA | 4.61±0.31aA | 4.37±0.21aB | 0.020 | <0.001 | 0.289 |
天然干燥 Natural drying | 4.49±0.10aA | 4.98±0.69aA | 4.82±0.80aA | 5.24±0.40aA | 5.14±0.91aAB | ||||
人工干燥Artificial drying | 4.52±0.38bA | 5.00±0.85abA | 4.52±0.36bA | 4.58±0.54bA | 5.59±0.30aA |
表2 不同收割时间与加工方式对天然牧草营养品质的影响
Table 2 Effects of different harvesting periods and processing methods on the nutritional quality of native grass
项目 Item | 加工方式 Processing method | 收割时间Harvest period | P值 P-value | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T5 | T | M | T*M | ||
干物质 Dry matter (DM,%FW) | 青贮发酵Silage fermentation | 37.07±0.29aA | 32.98±0.13cB | 35.22±0.24bA | 30.17±0.96dA | 35.56±0.14bB | <0.001 | 0.033 | 0.061 |
天然干燥 Natural drying | 38.01±0.64aA | 36.23±1.28bcA | 34.94±0.73cA | 32.00±0.80dA | 37.20±0.32abA | ||||
人工干燥Artificial drying | 37.29±1.55aA | 34.59±0.40bAB | 35.48±0.72abA | 31.63±0.67cA | 35.65±1.59abAB | ||||
粗蛋白质 Crude protein (CP,%DM) | 青贮发酵Silage fermentation | 11.13±0.11dAB | 13.20±0.34cA | 14.74±0.81abA | 15.46±0.25aA | 14.28±0.68bA | <0.001 | 0.008 | 0.026 |
天然干燥 Natural drying | 10.17±0.70dB | 12.17±0.50cB | 13.11±0.21bB | 14.47±0.30aB | 12.62±0.09bcB | ||||
人工干燥Artificial drying | 12.56±1.37cA | 12.62±0.31cAB | 14.11±0.30bA | 15.61±0.35aA | 13.37±0.45bcA | ||||
中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber (NDF,%DM) | 青贮发酵Silage fermentation | 40.39±0.75cC | 46.96±1.52aB | 44.48±1.27bAB | 41.33±1.13cA | 45.31±0.97abA | 0.009 | 0.023 | 0.241 |
天然干燥 Natural drying | 44.75±0.93bB | 49.71±2.00aAB | 42.18±1.25bcB | 40.25±1.52cA | 43.34±2.73bcA | ||||
人工干燥Artificial drying | 49.84±1.56bcA | 53.50±4.59aA | 46.09±2.15bcA | 41.33±0.48cA | 48.87±9.58bcA | ||||
酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber (ADF,%DM) | 青贮发酵Silage fermentation | 26.11±0.34cB | 30.16±0.76abA | 28.20±0.68bcA | 28.16±0.81bcA | 30.52±2.18aA | <0.001 | 0.140 | 0.017 |
天然干燥 Natural drying | 28.77±0.66bcA | 31.11±1.43aA | 29.24±0.63abA | 26.98±0.47cA | 27.49±1.81bcA | ||||
人工干燥Artificial drying | 30.61±1.37abA | 36.47±7.02aA | 28.42±1.20bA | 26.59±0.74bA | 28.09±0.83bA | ||||
可溶性碳水化合物 Water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC,%DM) | 青贮发酵Silage fermentation | 2.16±0.64aC | 0.63±0.15bC | 1.02±0.25bC | 0.73±0.29bB | 0.95±0.46bB | 0.003 | <0.001 | 0.236 |
天然干燥 Natural drying | 5.42±0.60aB | 3.62±0.47bB | 3.78±1.00abB | 3.98±1.00abA | 4.56±1.00abA | ||||
人工干燥Artificial drying | 7.44±0.46aA | 5.10±0.06bcA | 5.83±0.05bA | 4.66±0.82cA | 4.91±0.50cA | ||||
粗脂肪 Ether extract (EE,%DM) | 青贮发酵Silage fermentation | 3.61±0.32bB | 3.62±0.17bB | 4.29±0.22aA | 4.61±0.31aA | 4.37±0.21aB | 0.020 | <0.001 | 0.289 |
天然干燥 Natural drying | 4.49±0.10aA | 4.98±0.69aA | 4.82±0.80aA | 5.24±0.40aA | 5.14±0.91aAB | ||||
人工干燥Artificial drying | 4.52±0.38bA | 5.00±0.85abA | 4.52±0.36bA | 4.58±0.54bA | 5.59±0.30aA |
项目 Item | 加工方式 Processing method | 收割时间Harvest period | P值 P-value | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T5 | T | M | T×M | ||
干物质体外消化率 In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) | 青贮发酵Silage fermentation | 56.27±2.07aA | 51.44±0.85bA | 53.43±1.38bA | 52.84±1.37bA | 53.27±1.47bA | 0.032 | <0.001 | 0.855 |
天然干燥 Natural drying | 51.97±0.55aB | 48.93±0.86bB | 48.21±0.06bB | 49.48±1.15bB | 48.92±1.40bB | ||||
人工干燥Artificial drying | 56.42±4.11aA | 51.11±3.46aAB | 53.99±6.19aA | 51.75±4.23aAB | 56.13±4.96aA | ||||
粗蛋白质体外消化率 In vitro crude protein digestibility (IVCPD) | 青贮发酵Silage fermentation | 59.62±0.96bA | 65.70±0.72aA | 61.08±1.37bA | 64.07±1.29aA | 59.05±1.38bB | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.253 |
天然干燥 Natural drying | 56.07±0.55bB | 61.07±1.79aB | 57.40±1.49bB | 60.38±1.07aB | 56.23±0.59bC | ||||
人工干燥 Artificial drying | 59.09±4.48aAB | 63.91±0.92aA | 63.96±3.54aA | 63.34±4.72aAB | 63.89±2.31aA | ||||
中性洗涤纤维消化率 In vitro neutral detergent fiber digestibility (IVNDFD) | 青贮发酵Silage fermentation | 50.74±2.07aA | 46.53±2.11bA | 47.86±1.62abA | 47.68±2.53abA | 46.58±0.85bA | 0.003 | 0.554 | 0.609 |
天然干燥 Natural drying | 49.69±3.42aA | 47.83±2.41abA | 47.28±2.28abA | 45.46±2.03abA | 43.98±2.87bA | ||||
人工干燥Artificial drying | 50.26±0.85aA | 49.97±1.89aA | 45.16±4.76aA | 46.30±4.10aA | 44.75±1.17aA |
表3 不同收割时间与加工方式对体外消化率的影响
Table 3 Effects of different harvest periods and processing methods on in vitro digestibility (%)
项目 Item | 加工方式 Processing method | 收割时间Harvest period | P值 P-value | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T5 | T | M | T×M | ||
干物质体外消化率 In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) | 青贮发酵Silage fermentation | 56.27±2.07aA | 51.44±0.85bA | 53.43±1.38bA | 52.84±1.37bA | 53.27±1.47bA | 0.032 | <0.001 | 0.855 |
天然干燥 Natural drying | 51.97±0.55aB | 48.93±0.86bB | 48.21±0.06bB | 49.48±1.15bB | 48.92±1.40bB | ||||
人工干燥Artificial drying | 56.42±4.11aA | 51.11±3.46aAB | 53.99±6.19aA | 51.75±4.23aAB | 56.13±4.96aA | ||||
粗蛋白质体外消化率 In vitro crude protein digestibility (IVCPD) | 青贮发酵Silage fermentation | 59.62±0.96bA | 65.70±0.72aA | 61.08±1.37bA | 64.07±1.29aA | 59.05±1.38bB | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.253 |
天然干燥 Natural drying | 56.07±0.55bB | 61.07±1.79aB | 57.40±1.49bB | 60.38±1.07aB | 56.23±0.59bC | ||||
人工干燥 Artificial drying | 59.09±4.48aAB | 63.91±0.92aA | 63.96±3.54aA | 63.34±4.72aAB | 63.89±2.31aA | ||||
中性洗涤纤维消化率 In vitro neutral detergent fiber digestibility (IVNDFD) | 青贮发酵Silage fermentation | 50.74±2.07aA | 46.53±2.11bA | 47.86±1.62abA | 47.68±2.53abA | 46.58±0.85bA | 0.003 | 0.554 | 0.609 |
天然干燥 Natural drying | 49.69±3.42aA | 47.83±2.41abA | 47.28±2.28abA | 45.46±2.03abA | 43.98±2.87bA | ||||
人工干燥Artificial drying | 50.26±0.85aA | 49.97±1.89aA | 45.16±4.76aA | 46.30±4.10aA | 44.75±1.17aA |
1 | Xu S Y, Yu Z. The effect of different additives on the quality of natural forage silage. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2021, 57(2): 148-152. |
徐生阳, 玉柱. 不同添加剂对天然牧草青贮品质的影响. 中国畜牧杂志, 2021, 57(2): 148-152. | |
2 | Wang W, Zhou T R, Xiao Y Z, et al. Effects of additives on quality of natural grass silage. Chinese Journal of Grassland, 2023, 45(6): 143-148. |
王伟, 周天荣, 肖燕子, 等. 添加剂对天然牧草青贮品质的影响. 中国草地学报, 2023, 45(6): 143-148. | |
3 | Liu Y C, Jia Y S, Jiang X W, et al. Effects of cellulase and molasses on quality and microbial composition of natural forage silage. Chinese Journal of Grassland, 2022, 44(12): 64-72. |
刘逸超, 贾玉山, 降晓伟, 等. 纤维素酶和糖蜜对天然牧草青贮品质和微生物组成的影响. 中国草地学报, 2022, 44(12): 64-72. | |
4 | Zhang J W, Jia Y S, Ge G T, et al. Effects of different propionic acid concentration on the quality and aerobic stability of natural forage silage. Acta Agrestia Sincia, 2022, 30(9): 2522-2528. |
张佳伟, 贾玉山, 格根图, 等. 不同丙酸浓度对天然牧草青贮品质及有氧稳定性的影响. 草地学报, 2022, 30(9): 2522-2528. | |
5 | Liu T Y, Jia Y S, Hou M L, et al. The effect of adding formic acid on silage quality of natural grassland forage. China Feed, 2019(21): 31-34. |
刘庭玉, 贾玉山, 侯美玲, 等. 添加甲酸对天然草地牧草青贮品质的影响. 中国饲料, 2019(21): 31-34. | |
6 | Jia Y S, Yu H R, Du S, et al. Research progress on natural forage silage additives. Acta Agrestia Sincia, 2018, 26(3): 533-538. |
贾玉山, 于浩然, 都帅, 等. 天然牧草青贮添加剂研究进展. 草地学报, 2018, 26(3): 533-538. | |
7 | Shao X Q, Liu Y H, Liu T Y, et al. Quality evaluation analysis of the natural grass silage in different cutting times. Grassland and Turf, 2014, 34(4): 8-12. |
邵新庆, 刘月华, 刘庭玉, 等. 不同刈割期天然牧草青贮品质评价. 草原与草坪, 2014, 34(4): 8-12. | |
8 | Bao J J, Guo G Z, Fan C J, et al. Effects of harvest time and silage on forage quality of sweet corn straw based on principal component analysis and membership function analysis. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2023, 35(4): 2677-2689. |
鲍俊杰, 郭广振, 凡超杰, 等. 基于主成分分析和隶属函数分析研究收获期与青贮对甜玉米秸秆饲用品质的影响. 动物营养学报, 2023, 35(4): 2677-2689. | |
9 | Bolsen K K, Lin C, Brent B E. Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and amino acids in ruminal fluids and in vitro media. Journal of Dairy Science, 1980, 63(1): 64-75. |
10 | Xu Q F, Yu Z, Han J G, et al. Determining organic acid in alfalfa silage by HPLC. Grassland and Turf, 2007(2): 63-65, 67. |
许庆方, 玉柱, 韩建国, 等. 高效液相色谱法测定紫花苜蓿青贮中的有机酸. 草原与草坪, 2007(2): 63-65, 67. | |
11 | Guo X S, Ding W R, Yu Z. The evaluation system of fermentation quality of ensiled forage and its improvement. Chinese Journal of Grassland, 2008, 163(4): 100-106. |
郭旭生, 丁武蓉, 玉柱. 青贮饲料发酵品质评定体系及其新进展. 中国草地学报, 2008, 163(4): 100-106. | |
12 | Li H S. Principles and techniques of plant physiological biochemical experiment. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2001. |
李合生. 植物生理生化试验原理与技术. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2001. | |
13 | Vansoest P J, Robertson J B, Lewis B A. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 1991, 74(10): 3583-3597. |
14 | Zhang L Y. Feed analysis and quality test technology. Beijing: China Agricultural University Press, 2007: 53-56, 67. |
张丽英. 饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术. 北京: 中国农业大学出版社, 2007: 53-56, 67. | |
15 | Wang Y. In study on nutrient content, in vitro digestion and gas production characteristics of main plants in Inner Mongolia desert steppe. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2019. |
王莹. 内蒙古荒漠草原主要植物养分含量、体外消化及产气特征研究. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2019. | |
16 | Yu Z, Li C Y, Xue Y S. Effects of wilting and corn flour on alfalfa bag silage quality. Chinese Journal of Grassland, 2009, 31(3): 83-87. |
玉柱, 李传友, 薛有生. 萎蔫和玉米粉混合处理对紫花苜蓿袋装式青贮品质的影响. 中国草地学报, 2009, 31(3): 83-87. | |
17 | Zhang Y W, Li Y D, Luo W, et al. Effect of four lactic acid bacteria additives on the quality and carbohydrate components of semi-dry alfalfa wrapped silage. Feed Research, 2019, 42(4): 90-93. |
张一为, 李亚东, 骆维, 等. 四种乳酸菌制剂对半干苜蓿裹包青贮发酵品质和碳水化合物组分的影响. 饲料研究, 2019, 42(4): 90-93. | |
18 | Chen X Y, Shang Z D, Yi Z H, et al. Effect of silage method on silage quality and microbial diversity of whole plant maize in Tibet. Feed Research, 2023, 46(5): 108-112. |
陈鑫艳, 商振达, 易政宏, 等. 青贮方式对西藏地区全株玉米青贮品质及微生物多样性的影响. 饲料研究, 2023, 46(5): 108-112. | |
19 | Ge G T, You S H, Jia Y S, et al. Research progress in natural grass silage. Acta Agrestia Sincia, 2016, 24(5): 953-959. |
格根图, 尤思涵, 贾玉山, 等. 天然草地牧草青贮技术研究进展. 草地学报, 2016, 24(5): 953-959. | |
20 | Xu S Y, Xie Y X, Li W Q, et al. Effects of different forage types of grass products on the nutrient composition, carbohydrate composition of Cornell net carbohydrate-protein system and in vitro digestion of Leymus chinensis. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020, 32(11): 5341-5346. |
徐生阳, 谢艺潇, 李文麒, 等. 不同料型草产品对羊草营养成分、康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系碳水化合物组分及体外消化的影响. 动物营养学报, 2020, 32(11): 5341-5346. | |
21 | Zhao M M, Yu Z. Effects of lactic acid bacteria and cellulase on napier grass silages. Acta Agrestia Sincia, 2015, 23(1): 205-210. |
赵苗苗, 玉柱. 添加乳酸菌及纤维素酶对象草青贮品质的改善效果. 草地学报, 2015, 23(1): 205-210. | |
22 | Xu S Y, Yu Z. The differences between different natural forage products. Feed Industry, 2020, 41(15): 34-38. |
徐生阳, 玉柱. 天然牧草不同草产品形式之间营养性差异研究. 饲料工业, 2020, 41(15): 34-38. | |
23 | Chen X Z, Zou C L, Zhang W C, et al. The effect of cellulase on silage quality of rice straw with normal and low moisture contents. Acta Agrestia Sincia, 2018, 26(2): 453-458. |
陈鑫珠, 邹长连, 张文昌, 等. 纤维素酶对常规水分和低水分稻草青贮品质的影响. 草地学报, 2018, 26(2): 453-458. | |
24 | Wang P, Hou W J, Liu D L, et al. Effects of lactobacillus on quality of fermentative grass with low moisture. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2007(11): 31-34. |
王鹏, 侯文娟, 刘丹丽, 等. 混合乳酸菌制剂对芦苇低水分青贮品质的影响. 中国畜牧杂志, 2007(11): 31-34. | |
25 | Zhuang Y F, Anzhai Y F, Zhang W C. Effects of low moisture ensiling on cell wall composition and in vitro dry matter digestibility of triticale. Journal of Gansu Agricultural University, 2006(6): 94-97. |
庄益芬, 安宅一夫, 张文昌. 低水分青贮对黑小麦草细胞壁成分和体外干物质消化率的影响. 甘肃农业大学学报, 2006(6): 94-97. | |
26 | Li L X, Gong Z F, Zhu X, et al. The effects of different harvest time on the nutritional value and the fermentation quality of ear-removed corn straw silage. China Feed, 2021, 683(15): 85-89. |
李龙兴, 龚正发, 朱欣, 等. 不同收获时间对去穗玉米秸秆营养价值和青贮发酵品质的影响. 中国饲料, 2021, 683(15): 85-89. | |
27 | Wang W, Ge G T, Feng X C, et al. Study on proper harvest time for native grass in Hulunbuir steppe. Chinese Journal of Grassland, 2018, 40(2): 54-58. |
王伟, 格根图, 冯骁骋, 等. 呼伦贝尔草原天然牧草最适收获期研究. 中国草地学报, 2018, 40(2): 54-58. | |
28 | Xie Y, Shi D, Li P H, et al. Effects of meteorological and soil factors on the quality of Leymus chinensis. Acta Agrestia Sincia, 2012, 20(4): 631-636. |
谢越, 石丹, 李品红, 等. 羊草品质与气象因子和土壤因子的相关性研究. 草地学报, 2012, 20(4): 631-636. | |
29 | Na Y, Wang Z L, Sun Q Z. Effect of ensiling on long-chain fatty acids in forage in different grasslang. Chinese Journal of Grassland, 2013, 35(4): 76-81. |
那亚, 王宗礼, 孙启忠. 青贮对天然草原牧草长链脂肪酸的影响. 中国草地学报, 2013, 35(4): 76-81. | |
30 | Li M M, Jin S Y, Wang L C, et al. Effects of lactic acid bacteria addition on fermentation quality and dry matter digestibility of Cyperus esculentus silage under different temperatures. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020, 32(2): 827-835. |
李苗苗, 靳思玉, 王立超, 等. 不同温度下添加乳酸菌对油莎草青贮品质及体外干物质消失率的影响. 动物营养学报, 2020, 32(2): 827-835. | |
31 | Ribeiro G O, Teixeira A M, Velasco F O, et al. Production, nutritional quality and in vitro methane production from Andropogon gayanus grass harvested at different maturities and preserved as hay or silage. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2014, 27(3): 330-341. |
32 | Wang L, Yang L, Xu L J, et al. Effects of different processing methods on nutritional value of degreasing camphor branches and leaves. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2022, 34(11): 7282-7290. |
王隆, 杨磊, 许兰娇, 等. 不同加工方式对去油芳樟枝叶营养价值的影响. 动物营养学报, 2022, 34(11): 7282-7290. | |
33 | Li J F, Yuan X J, Shao T, et al. The effects of fibrolytic enzymes, celulolytic fungi and bacteria on the fermentation characterstics,structural carbohydrates degradation, and enzymatic conversion yields of silage. Bioresource Technology, 2018(264): 123-130. |
34 | Desta S T, Li J F, Shao T. Ensiling characteristics, structural and nonstructurat carbohydrate composition and enzymatic dioestibity of napier orass ensiled with additives. Bioresource Technology, 2016(221): 447-454. |
[1] | 张欢, 牟怡晓, 张桂杰. 添加枸杞副产物对紫花苜蓿青贮发酵品质及微生物多样性的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2022, 31(4): 136-144. |
[2] | 林语梵, 朱鸿福, 王丽慧, 张桂杰. 宁夏黄灌区专用青贮玉米品种生产性能和营养价值研究[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(8): 40-48. |
[3] | 刘月, 王国艮, 吴浩, 孟庆翔, 宋恩亮, 成海建, 周振明. 全株青贮玉米品种对其发酵品质及营养价值的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(6): 148-156. |
[4] | 梁欢, 刘贵波, 吴佳海, 曾兵, 李源, 游永亮, 赵海明. 混贮模式对高丹草青贮发酵品质及体外产气动力学特性的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2016, 25(4): 188-196. |
[5] | 梁建勇, 焦婷, 吴建平, 宫旭胤, 杜文华, 刘海波, 肖元明. 不同类型草地牧草消化率季节动态与营养品质的关系研究[J]. 草业学报, 2015, 24(6): 108-115. |
[6] | 孙鹏飞,崔占鸿,刘书杰,柴沙驼,郝力壮,王迅. 三江源区不同季节放牧草场天然牧草营养价值评定及载畜量研究[J]. 草业学报, 2015, 24(12): 92-101. |
[7] | 崔占鸿,郝力壮,刘书杰,柴沙驼,赵月平,张晓卫. 体外产气法评价青海高原燕麦青干草与天然牧草组合效应[J]. 草业学报, 2012, 21(3): 250-257. |
[8] | 崔卫东,董朝霞,张建国,魏建生,林禄成,张明. 不同收割时间对甜玉米秸秆的营养价值和青贮发酵品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(6): 208-213. |
[9] | 洪梅,刁其玉,姜成钢,闫贵龙,屠焰,张乃锋 . 布氏乳杆菌对青贮发酵及其效果的研究进展[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(5): 266-271. |
[10] | 吕文龙,刁其玉,闫贵龙. 布氏乳杆菌对青玉米秸青贮发酵品质和有氧稳定性的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(3): 143-148. |
[11] | 玉柱,魏馨,于艳冬,韩建国,孙启忠. 添加剂对尖叶胡枝子青贮发酵品质及体外消化率的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(5): 73-79. |
[12] | 文亦芾,曹国军,樊江文,毛华明,罗富成. 6种豆科饲用灌木中酚类物质动态变化与体外消化率的关系[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(1): 32-38. |
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||