草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (12): 201-213.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024053
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
彭斌1(), 崔晓宁1(), 张勃1, 席驳鑫2, 胡桂馨1, 姚拓1, 李昌宁1, 牛奎举1, 常逢美1, 白建海3
收稿日期:
2024-02-05
修回日期:
2024-04-22
出版日期:
2024-12-20
发布日期:
2024-10-09
通讯作者:
崔晓宁
作者简介:
E-mail: cxn213@qq.com基金资助:
Bin PENG1(), Xiao-ning CUI1(), Bo ZHANG1, Bo-xin XI2, Gui-xin HU1, Tuo YAO1, Chang-ning LI1, Kui-ju NIU1, Feng-mei CHANG1, Jian-hai BAI3
Received:
2024-02-05
Revised:
2024-04-22
Online:
2024-12-20
Published:
2024-10-09
Contact:
Xiao-ning CUI
摘要:
苜蓿斑蚜和牛角花齿蓟马是威胁我国苜蓿生产的重要害虫。为筛选用于防治苜蓿斑蚜和牛角花齿蓟马的高效、低毒的生物药剂,本研究利用拍盘法调查了这两种害虫在苜蓿田间的种群发生动态,通过浸叶法测定10种杀虫剂对害虫的毒力,以及评价不同类型药剂对害虫的田间防效。结果表明:苜蓿斑蚜和牛角花齿蓟马在甘肃民勤苜蓿田发生主要集中于第2、3茬苜蓿,7月9日和8月10日在苜蓿现蕾期两种害虫均达到种群高峰期。室内毒力测定表明,藜芦碱和苦参碱对苜蓿斑蚜和牛角花齿蓟马毒力较高,吡虫啉、高效氯氰菊酯、鱼藤酮、乙基多杀菌素和阿维菌素次之,螺虫乙酯毒力最低。田间防效结果表明,苦参碱和鱼藤酮施药后7~14 d对苜蓿斑蚜的防效为73.47%~85.16%,对牛角花齿蓟马的防效为70.11%~88.61%。乙基多杀菌素和阿维菌素施药后7~14 d对苜蓿斑蚜的防效为67.80%~82.00%,对牛角花齿蓟马的防效为83.67%~92.55%。在苜蓿田间生产中,对苜蓿斑蚜和牛角花齿蓟马的喷雾防治建议首选高效低毒的鱼藤酮、苦参碱、阿维菌素和乙基多杀菌素。
彭斌, 崔晓宁, 张勃, 席驳鑫, 胡桂馨, 姚拓, 李昌宁, 牛奎举, 常逢美, 白建海. 10种杀虫剂对苜蓿斑蚜和牛角花齿蓟马的毒力测定及田间药效评价[J]. 草业学报, 2024, 33(12): 201-213.
Bin PENG, Xiao-ning CUI, Bo ZHANG, Bo-xin XI, Gui-xin HU, Tuo YAO, Chang-ning LI, Kui-ju NIU, Feng-mei CHANG, Jian-hai BAI. Toxicity of 10 insecticides to alfalfa aphid Therioaphis trifolii and thrip Odontothrips loti and assessment of their field efficacy[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(12): 201-213.
杀虫剂 Insecticides | 有效成分及剂型Active ingredients and dosage forms | 生产商 Manufacturers | 分类 Classify |
---|---|---|---|
吡虫啉Imidacloprid | 10%EC | 河北赛睿德化工有限公司Hebei Saireed Chemical Co., Ltd. | CI |
高效氯氰菊酯 β-cypermethrin | 10%EC | 广东立威化工有限公司Guangdong Liwei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | CI |
螺虫乙酯Spirotetramat | 22.4%SC | 青岛恒丰作物科学有限公司Qingdao Hengfeng Crop Science Co., Ltd. | CI |
鱼藤酮Rotenone | 6%ME | 北京三浦百草绿色植物制剂有限公司Beijing Multigrass Formulation Co., Ltd. | BI |
藜芦碱Veratrine | 0.5%SL | 北京三浦百草绿色植物制剂有限公司Beijing Multigrass Formulation Co., Ltd. | BI |
苦参碱Matrine | 0.5%AS | 成都新朝阳作物科学股份有限公司Chengdu New Sun Crop Science Co., Ltd. | BI |
乙基多杀菌素Spinetoram | 6%SC | 江苏科迪华农业科技有限公司Jiangsu Corteva Agriscience Co., Ltd. | BAI |
阿维菌素Avermectin | 5%EC | 河北兴柏农业科技有限公司Hebei Xingbai Agriscience Co., Ltd. | BAI |
球孢白僵菌B. bassiana | 1.5×1010 CFU·g-1 WP | 盐城市神微微生物菌种科技有限公司Yancheng Shenwei Microbial Strain Technology Co., Ltd. | FI |
金龟子绿僵菌M. anisopliae | 1.5×1010 CFU·g-1 WP | 盐城市神微微生物菌种科技有限公司Yancheng Shenwei Microbial Strain Technology Co., Ltd. | FI |
表1 苜蓿斑蚜和牛角花齿蓟马室内毒力测定及田间药效试验所需杀虫剂
Table 1 Insecticides for toxicity test and field efficacy experiment of T. trifolii and O. loti
杀虫剂 Insecticides | 有效成分及剂型Active ingredients and dosage forms | 生产商 Manufacturers | 分类 Classify |
---|---|---|---|
吡虫啉Imidacloprid | 10%EC | 河北赛睿德化工有限公司Hebei Saireed Chemical Co., Ltd. | CI |
高效氯氰菊酯 β-cypermethrin | 10%EC | 广东立威化工有限公司Guangdong Liwei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | CI |
螺虫乙酯Spirotetramat | 22.4%SC | 青岛恒丰作物科学有限公司Qingdao Hengfeng Crop Science Co., Ltd. | CI |
鱼藤酮Rotenone | 6%ME | 北京三浦百草绿色植物制剂有限公司Beijing Multigrass Formulation Co., Ltd. | BI |
藜芦碱Veratrine | 0.5%SL | 北京三浦百草绿色植物制剂有限公司Beijing Multigrass Formulation Co., Ltd. | BI |
苦参碱Matrine | 0.5%AS | 成都新朝阳作物科学股份有限公司Chengdu New Sun Crop Science Co., Ltd. | BI |
乙基多杀菌素Spinetoram | 6%SC | 江苏科迪华农业科技有限公司Jiangsu Corteva Agriscience Co., Ltd. | BAI |
阿维菌素Avermectin | 5%EC | 河北兴柏农业科技有限公司Hebei Xingbai Agriscience Co., Ltd. | BAI |
球孢白僵菌B. bassiana | 1.5×1010 CFU·g-1 WP | 盐城市神微微生物菌种科技有限公司Yancheng Shenwei Microbial Strain Technology Co., Ltd. | FI |
金龟子绿僵菌M. anisopliae | 1.5×1010 CFU·g-1 WP | 盐城市神微微生物菌种科技有限公司Yancheng Shenwei Microbial Strain Technology Co., Ltd. | FI |
杀虫剂 Insecticides | 毒力回归方程 Toxicity regression equation | LC50 (mg·L-1, CFU·mL-1) | LC95 (mg·L-1, CFU·mL-1) | χ2 | R | RTI | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
值Value | 95%CI | 值Value | 95%CI | |||||
吡虫啉Imidacloprid | Y=1.3087X+2.4162 | 33.709 | 11.636~49.420 | 161.631 | 133.600~257.451 | 0.814 | 0.975 | 1.000 |
高效氯氰菊酯β-cypermethrin | Y=-2.7746X+4.3325 | 62.297 | 50.711~70.677 | 149.320 | 134.582~175.715 | 0.578 | 0.997 | 1.848 |
螺虫乙酯Spirotetramat | Y=-2.7907X+3.8868 | 101.022 | 81.952~114.988 | 267.674 | 236.500~326.391 | 4.329 | 0.974 | 2.997 |
鱼藤酮Rotenone | Y=-1.1931X+3.7202 | 46.206 | 40.339~50.718 | 127.890 | 108.324~167.998 | 0.335 | 0.998 | 1.371 |
藜芦碱Veratrine | Y=3.0434X+2.0872 | 8.657 | 7.577~10.146 | 53.142 | 34.341~112.258 | 0.180 | 0.998 | 0.257 |
苦参碱Matrine | Y=2.7178X+3.6207 | 4.269 | 3.827~4.636 | 12.151 | 10.050~16.618 | 0.261 | 0.998 | 0.127 |
乙基多杀菌素Spinetoram | Y=-0.3929X+3.4346 | 37.166 | 33.804~40.422 | 111.956 | 93.031~147.155 | 0.901 | 0.995 | 1.103 |
阿维菌素Avermectin | Y=-4.3845X+6.3838 | 29.515 | 27.052~31.331 | 53.420 | 49.001~61.187 | 0.751 | 0.995 | 0.876 |
球孢白僵菌B. bassiana | Y=2.2226X+0.3158 | 6.228×108 | 2.551×108~1.929×109 | 1.006×1014 | 4.910×1012~1.945×1016 | 3.081 | 0.971 | - |
金龟子绿僵菌M. anisopliae | Y=2.4179X+0.2985 | 4.462×108 | 1.767×108~1.379×109 | 1.444×1014 | 5.823×1012~4.581×1016 | 1.437 | 0.986 | - |
表2 10种杀虫剂对苜蓿斑蚜的室内毒力
Table 2 Laboratory toxicity of 10 insecticides against T. trifolii aphids
杀虫剂 Insecticides | 毒力回归方程 Toxicity regression equation | LC50 (mg·L-1, CFU·mL-1) | LC95 (mg·L-1, CFU·mL-1) | χ2 | R | RTI | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
值Value | 95%CI | 值Value | 95%CI | |||||
吡虫啉Imidacloprid | Y=1.3087X+2.4162 | 33.709 | 11.636~49.420 | 161.631 | 133.600~257.451 | 0.814 | 0.975 | 1.000 |
高效氯氰菊酯β-cypermethrin | Y=-2.7746X+4.3325 | 62.297 | 50.711~70.677 | 149.320 | 134.582~175.715 | 0.578 | 0.997 | 1.848 |
螺虫乙酯Spirotetramat | Y=-2.7907X+3.8868 | 101.022 | 81.952~114.988 | 267.674 | 236.500~326.391 | 4.329 | 0.974 | 2.997 |
鱼藤酮Rotenone | Y=-1.1931X+3.7202 | 46.206 | 40.339~50.718 | 127.890 | 108.324~167.998 | 0.335 | 0.998 | 1.371 |
藜芦碱Veratrine | Y=3.0434X+2.0872 | 8.657 | 7.577~10.146 | 53.142 | 34.341~112.258 | 0.180 | 0.998 | 0.257 |
苦参碱Matrine | Y=2.7178X+3.6207 | 4.269 | 3.827~4.636 | 12.151 | 10.050~16.618 | 0.261 | 0.998 | 0.127 |
乙基多杀菌素Spinetoram | Y=-0.3929X+3.4346 | 37.166 | 33.804~40.422 | 111.956 | 93.031~147.155 | 0.901 | 0.995 | 1.103 |
阿维菌素Avermectin | Y=-4.3845X+6.3838 | 29.515 | 27.052~31.331 | 53.420 | 49.001~61.187 | 0.751 | 0.995 | 0.876 |
球孢白僵菌B. bassiana | Y=2.2226X+0.3158 | 6.228×108 | 2.551×108~1.929×109 | 1.006×1014 | 4.910×1012~1.945×1016 | 3.081 | 0.971 | - |
金龟子绿僵菌M. anisopliae | Y=2.4179X+0.2985 | 4.462×108 | 1.767×108~1.379×109 | 1.444×1014 | 5.823×1012~4.581×1016 | 1.437 | 0.986 | - |
杀虫剂 Insecticides | 毒力回归方程 Toxicity regression equation | LC50 (mg·L-1, CFU·mL-1) | LC95 (mg·L-1, CFU·mL-1) | χ2 | R | RTI | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
值Value | 95%CI | 值Value | 95%CI | |||||
吡虫啉Imidacloprid | Y=-0.0902X+3.2336 | 37.512 | 17.109~51.698 | 121.018 | 107.303~147.009 | 4.156 | 0.859 | 1.000 |
高效氯氰菊酯β-cypermethrin | Y=0.8793X+2.6580 | 35.505 | 14.192~50.499 | 147.607 | 125.623~209.939 | 1.249 | 0.966 | 0.946 |
螺虫乙酯Spirotetramat | Y=0.6031X+2.2785 | 85.065 | 53.702~105.924 | 448.384 | 333.035~857.945 | 2.776 | 0.955 | 2.268 |
鱼藤酮Rotenone | Y=0.2039X+2.8068 | 51.139 | 44.225~56.644 | 197.141 | 146.947~344.336 | 0.405 | 0.995 | 1.363 |
藜芦碱Veratrine | Y=4.0358X+1.3912 | 4.932 | 3.416~6.092 | 75.063 | 37.730~368.477 | 2.859 | 0.947 | 0.131 |
苦参碱Matrine | Y=3.1233X+3.1045 | 4.022 | 3.470~4.446 | 13.624 | 10.757~20.814 | 7.010 | 0.929 | 0.107 |
乙基多杀菌素Spinetoram | Y=-0.4080X+3.8576 | 25.229 | 21.173~28.460 | 67.342 | 59.981~79.567 | 3.409 | 0.980 | 0.673 |
阿维菌素Avermectin | Y=-1.0571X+4.4115 | 23.606 | 18.194~26.889 | 55.702 | 49.035~71.814 | 0.478 | 0.993 | 0.629 |
球孢白僵菌B. bassiana | Y=3.2141X+0.1856 | 4.184×109 | 7.966×108~1.271×1011 | 3.043×1018 | 1.615×1015~1.561×1027 | 0.525 | 0.986 | - |
金龟子绿僵菌M. anisopliae | Y=2.8603X+0.2667 | 1.054×108 | 3.399×107~3.010×108 | 1.548×1014 | 4.764×1012~1.210×1017 | 1.289 | 0.984 | - |
表3 10种杀虫剂对牛角花齿蓟马的室内毒力
Table 3 Laboratory toxicity of 10 insecticides against O. loti thrips
杀虫剂 Insecticides | 毒力回归方程 Toxicity regression equation | LC50 (mg·L-1, CFU·mL-1) | LC95 (mg·L-1, CFU·mL-1) | χ2 | R | RTI | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
值Value | 95%CI | 值Value | 95%CI | |||||
吡虫啉Imidacloprid | Y=-0.0902X+3.2336 | 37.512 | 17.109~51.698 | 121.018 | 107.303~147.009 | 4.156 | 0.859 | 1.000 |
高效氯氰菊酯β-cypermethrin | Y=0.8793X+2.6580 | 35.505 | 14.192~50.499 | 147.607 | 125.623~209.939 | 1.249 | 0.966 | 0.946 |
螺虫乙酯Spirotetramat | Y=0.6031X+2.2785 | 85.065 | 53.702~105.924 | 448.384 | 333.035~857.945 | 2.776 | 0.955 | 2.268 |
鱼藤酮Rotenone | Y=0.2039X+2.8068 | 51.139 | 44.225~56.644 | 197.141 | 146.947~344.336 | 0.405 | 0.995 | 1.363 |
藜芦碱Veratrine | Y=4.0358X+1.3912 | 4.932 | 3.416~6.092 | 75.063 | 37.730~368.477 | 2.859 | 0.947 | 0.131 |
苦参碱Matrine | Y=3.1233X+3.1045 | 4.022 | 3.470~4.446 | 13.624 | 10.757~20.814 | 7.010 | 0.929 | 0.107 |
乙基多杀菌素Spinetoram | Y=-0.4080X+3.8576 | 25.229 | 21.173~28.460 | 67.342 | 59.981~79.567 | 3.409 | 0.980 | 0.673 |
阿维菌素Avermectin | Y=-1.0571X+4.4115 | 23.606 | 18.194~26.889 | 55.702 | 49.035~71.814 | 0.478 | 0.993 | 0.629 |
球孢白僵菌B. bassiana | Y=3.2141X+0.1856 | 4.184×109 | 7.966×108~1.271×1011 | 3.043×1018 | 1.615×1015~1.561×1027 | 0.525 | 0.986 | - |
金龟子绿僵菌M. anisopliae | Y=2.8603X+0.2667 | 1.054×108 | 3.399×107~3.010×108 | 1.548×1014 | 4.764×1012~1.210×1017 | 1.289 | 0.984 | - |
茬次 Crop | 杀虫剂 Insecticides | 喷药后天数Days after spraying | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 d | 3 d | 7 d | 10 d | 14 d | |||||||
DR | CE | DR | CE | DR | CE | DR | CE | DR | CE | ||
2 | 清水Water | -3.29 | - | -8.46 | - | -11.26 | - | -15.83 | - | -7.76 | - |
吡虫啉Imidacloprid | 73.76 | 74.60a | 82.76 | 84.11a | 33.08 | 39.85g | 25.77 | 35.91d | 17.91 | 23.82e | |
高效氯氰菊酯β-cypermethrin | 64.72 | 65.85b | 72.25 | 74.41b | 36.62 | 43.04f | 18.40 | 29.55e | 16.55 | 22.57e | |
螺虫乙酯Spirotetramat | 24.74 | 27.14f | 50.69 | 54.53d | 27.87 | 35.17f | 16.58 | 27.97e | 11.67 | 18.03e | |
鱼藤酮Rotenone | 51.09 | 52.65c | 63.19 | 66.06c | 77.70 | 79.95a | 82.81 | 85.16a | 80.31 | 81.73a | |
藜芦碱Veratrine | 23.92 | 26.35fg | 35.25 | 40.30e | 57.51 | 61.81e | 61.52 | 66.78c | 63.01 | 65.68d | |
苦参碱Matrine | 37.11 | 39.11d | 49.75 | 53.66d | 70.48 | 73.47b | 82.52 | 84.91a | 82.35 | 83.62a | |
乙基多杀菌素Spinetoram | 31.84 | 34.01de | 50.44 | 54.31d | 68.02 | 71.26bc | 70.36 | 74.41b | 76.80 | 78.47ab | |
阿维菌素Avermectin | 28.43 | 30.71ef | 49.14 | 53.11d | 66.01 | 69.45c | 67.91 | 72.30b | 70.45 | 72.58bc | |
球孢白僵菌B. bassiana | 33.27 | 35.40de | 47.63 | 51.72d | 64.23 | 67.85cd | 68.77 | 73.04b | 63.43 | 66.06d | |
金龟子绿僵菌M. anisopliae | 18.56 | 21.15g | 38.43 | 43.23e | 61.26 | 65.18de | 68.91 | 73.16b | 65.09 | 67.60cd | |
3 | 清水Water | -12.36 | - | -19.05 | - | -21.15 | - | -23.99 | - | -9.35 | - |
吡虫啉Imidacloprid | 66.77 | 70.42a | 83.89 | 86.47a | 33.53 | 45.13ef | 28.56 | 42.45e | 16.33 | 23.49g | |
高效氯氰菊酯β-cypermethrin | 66.97 | 70.61a | 86.97 | 89.06a | 36.98 | 47.98e | 29.09 | 42.80e | 18.16 | 25.16g | |
螺虫乙酯Spirotetramat | 50.02 | 55.52b | 69.93 | 74.74b | 29.54 | 41.84f | 22.64 | 37.60f | 9.70 | 17.43h | |
鱼藤酮Rotenone | 47.21 | 53.02b | 63.28 | 69.15b | 81.12 | 84.41a | 80.95 | 84.64a | 79.41 | 81.17ab | |
藜芦碱Veratrine | 25.48 | 33.67c | 37.86 | 47.80d | 56.22 | 63.86cd | 67.04 | 73.42c | 75.06 | 77.20c | |
苦参碱Matrine | 25.74 | 33.91c | 50.17 | 58.14c | 75.69 | 79.94ab | 81.24 | 84.87a | 82.02 | 83.56a | |
乙基多杀菌素Spinetoram | 36.48 | 43.47c | 51.97 | 59.66c | 70.44 | 75.60b | 77.68 | 82.00ab | 78.00 | 79.88bc | |
阿维菌素Avermectin | 29.31 | 37.08c | 51.93 | 59.63c | 60.99 | 67.80c | 75.03 | 79.86b | 72.00 | 74.40d | |
球孢白僵菌B. bassiana | 9.31 | 19.12d | 25.88 | 37.74e | 54.35 | 62.32d | 62.17 | 69.49d | 61.94 | 65.20f | |
金龟子绿僵菌M. anisopliae | 13.34 | 22.88d | 38.77 | 48.57d | 60.68 | 67.54cd | 66.60 | 73.06c | 65.10 | 68.08e |
表4 10种杀虫剂对苜蓿斑蚜的田间药效
Table 4 Field control effect of 10 insecticides against T. trifolii aphids (%)
茬次 Crop | 杀虫剂 Insecticides | 喷药后天数Days after spraying | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 d | 3 d | 7 d | 10 d | 14 d | |||||||
DR | CE | DR | CE | DR | CE | DR | CE | DR | CE | ||
2 | 清水Water | -3.29 | - | -8.46 | - | -11.26 | - | -15.83 | - | -7.76 | - |
吡虫啉Imidacloprid | 73.76 | 74.60a | 82.76 | 84.11a | 33.08 | 39.85g | 25.77 | 35.91d | 17.91 | 23.82e | |
高效氯氰菊酯β-cypermethrin | 64.72 | 65.85b | 72.25 | 74.41b | 36.62 | 43.04f | 18.40 | 29.55e | 16.55 | 22.57e | |
螺虫乙酯Spirotetramat | 24.74 | 27.14f | 50.69 | 54.53d | 27.87 | 35.17f | 16.58 | 27.97e | 11.67 | 18.03e | |
鱼藤酮Rotenone | 51.09 | 52.65c | 63.19 | 66.06c | 77.70 | 79.95a | 82.81 | 85.16a | 80.31 | 81.73a | |
藜芦碱Veratrine | 23.92 | 26.35fg | 35.25 | 40.30e | 57.51 | 61.81e | 61.52 | 66.78c | 63.01 | 65.68d | |
苦参碱Matrine | 37.11 | 39.11d | 49.75 | 53.66d | 70.48 | 73.47b | 82.52 | 84.91a | 82.35 | 83.62a | |
乙基多杀菌素Spinetoram | 31.84 | 34.01de | 50.44 | 54.31d | 68.02 | 71.26bc | 70.36 | 74.41b | 76.80 | 78.47ab | |
阿维菌素Avermectin | 28.43 | 30.71ef | 49.14 | 53.11d | 66.01 | 69.45c | 67.91 | 72.30b | 70.45 | 72.58bc | |
球孢白僵菌B. bassiana | 33.27 | 35.40de | 47.63 | 51.72d | 64.23 | 67.85cd | 68.77 | 73.04b | 63.43 | 66.06d | |
金龟子绿僵菌M. anisopliae | 18.56 | 21.15g | 38.43 | 43.23e | 61.26 | 65.18de | 68.91 | 73.16b | 65.09 | 67.60cd | |
3 | 清水Water | -12.36 | - | -19.05 | - | -21.15 | - | -23.99 | - | -9.35 | - |
吡虫啉Imidacloprid | 66.77 | 70.42a | 83.89 | 86.47a | 33.53 | 45.13ef | 28.56 | 42.45e | 16.33 | 23.49g | |
高效氯氰菊酯β-cypermethrin | 66.97 | 70.61a | 86.97 | 89.06a | 36.98 | 47.98e | 29.09 | 42.80e | 18.16 | 25.16g | |
螺虫乙酯Spirotetramat | 50.02 | 55.52b | 69.93 | 74.74b | 29.54 | 41.84f | 22.64 | 37.60f | 9.70 | 17.43h | |
鱼藤酮Rotenone | 47.21 | 53.02b | 63.28 | 69.15b | 81.12 | 84.41a | 80.95 | 84.64a | 79.41 | 81.17ab | |
藜芦碱Veratrine | 25.48 | 33.67c | 37.86 | 47.80d | 56.22 | 63.86cd | 67.04 | 73.42c | 75.06 | 77.20c | |
苦参碱Matrine | 25.74 | 33.91c | 50.17 | 58.14c | 75.69 | 79.94ab | 81.24 | 84.87a | 82.02 | 83.56a | |
乙基多杀菌素Spinetoram | 36.48 | 43.47c | 51.97 | 59.66c | 70.44 | 75.60b | 77.68 | 82.00ab | 78.00 | 79.88bc | |
阿维菌素Avermectin | 29.31 | 37.08c | 51.93 | 59.63c | 60.99 | 67.80c | 75.03 | 79.86b | 72.00 | 74.40d | |
球孢白僵菌B. bassiana | 9.31 | 19.12d | 25.88 | 37.74e | 54.35 | 62.32d | 62.17 | 69.49d | 61.94 | 65.20f | |
金龟子绿僵菌M. anisopliae | 13.34 | 22.88d | 38.77 | 48.57d | 60.68 | 67.54cd | 66.60 | 73.06c | 65.10 | 68.08e |
茬次 Crop | 杀虫剂 Insecticides | 喷药后天数Days after spraying | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 d | 3 d | 7 d | 10 d | 14 d | |||||||
DR | CE | DR | CE | DR | CE | DR | CE | DR | CE | ||
2 | 清水Water | -6.53 | - | -14.11 | - | -12.79 | - | -22.40 | - | -5.95 | - |
吡虫啉Imidacloprid | 70.21 | 72.04b | 87.75 | 89.26a | 96.26 | 96.68a | 37.28 | 48.75c | 18.52 | 23.09e | |
高效氯氰菊酯β-cypermethrin | 83.72 | 84.72a | 91.47 | 92.52a | 95.44 | 95.96a | 39.29 | 50.40c | 31.39 | 35.24d | |
螺虫乙酯Spirotetramat | 46.48 | 51.34c | 58.99 | 64.06d | 72.72 | 75.81d | 39.94 | 50.93c | 29.07 | 33.05d | |
鱼藤酮Rotenone | 38.53 | 42.30d | 53.07 | 58.87de | 80.61 | 82.81bc | 86.06 | 88.61a | 81.29 | 82.34a | |
藜芦碱Veratrine | 27.94 | 32.36e | 36.82 | 44.63g | 61.99 | 66.30e | 71.14 | 76.42b | 67.47 | 69.29b | |
苦参碱Matrine | 29.14 | 33.48de | 47.45 | 53.94ef | 75.76 | 78.51cd | 85.90 | 88.48a | 83.02 | 83.98a | |
乙基多杀菌素Spinetoram | 67.06 | 70.60b | 78.13 | 80.83b | 91.60 | 92.55a | 88.56 | 90.66a | 83.21 | 84.15a | |
阿维菌素Avermectin | 53.44 | 56.29c | 65.96 | 70.08c | 81.58 | 83.67b | 86.69 | 89.13a | 82.94 | 83.90a | |
球孢白僵菌B. bassiana | 32.60 | 36.73de | 44.05 | 50.97f | 65.37 | 69.30e | 69.04 | 74.71b | 56.34 | 58.79c | |
金龟子绿僵菌M. anisopliae | 29.94 | 34.23de | 44.31 | 51.19f | 71.21 | 74.47d | 75.92 | 80.33b | 54.52 | 57.07c | |
3 | 清水Water | -17.04 | - | -19.98 | - | -22.96 | - | -16.96 | - | -8.30 | - |
吡虫啉Imidacloprid | 68.78 | 73.33ab | 85.54 | 87.95a | 85.78 | 88.44ab | 52.74 | 59.59e | 19.61 | 25.77e | |
高效氯氰菊酯β-cypermethrin | 70.35 | 74.66a | 83.33 | 86.11a | 84.34 | 87.27ab | 56.71 | 62.98de | 32.80 | 37.95d | |
螺虫乙酯Spirotetramat | 47.47 | 55.12cd | 56.17 | 63.47d | 74.04 | 78.89c | 46.54 | 54.29f | 29.23 | 34.65d | |
鱼藤酮Rotenone | 41.55 | 50.06d | 50.12 | 58.43e | 72.52 | 77.65c | 81.69 | 84.35a | 81.23 | 82.67a | |
藜芦碱Veratrine | 26.23 | 36.97e | 37.92 | 48.25f | 55.25 | 61.16e | 64.92 | 70.01bc | 67.84 | 70.31b | |
苦参碱Matrine | 29.65 | 39.90e | 54.18 | 61.81de | 63.25 | 70.11d | 69.37 | 73.81b | 81.58 | 83.00a | |
乙基多杀菌素Spinetoram | 61.06 | 66.73b | 71.94 | 76.61b | 87.23 | 89.62a | 87.25 | 89.10a | 84.16 | 85.38a | |
阿维菌素Avermectin | 51.13 | 58.24c | 61.46 | 67.88c | 80.88 | 84.45b | 87.51 | 89.32a | 86.09 | 87.16a | |
球孢白僵菌B. bassiana | 16.39 | 28.57f | 36.45 | 47.03fg | 54.58 | 63.06e | 60.00 | 65.80cd | 57.75 | 60.99c | |
金龟子绿僵菌M. anisopliae | 14.58 | 27.02f | 31.37 | 42.80f | 55.48 | 63.79e | 58.63 | 64.63de | 55.10 | 58.55c |
表5 10种杀虫剂对牛角花齿蓟马的田间药效
Table 5 Field control effect of 10 insecticides against O. loti thrips (%)
茬次 Crop | 杀虫剂 Insecticides | 喷药后天数Days after spraying | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 d | 3 d | 7 d | 10 d | 14 d | |||||||
DR | CE | DR | CE | DR | CE | DR | CE | DR | CE | ||
2 | 清水Water | -6.53 | - | -14.11 | - | -12.79 | - | -22.40 | - | -5.95 | - |
吡虫啉Imidacloprid | 70.21 | 72.04b | 87.75 | 89.26a | 96.26 | 96.68a | 37.28 | 48.75c | 18.52 | 23.09e | |
高效氯氰菊酯β-cypermethrin | 83.72 | 84.72a | 91.47 | 92.52a | 95.44 | 95.96a | 39.29 | 50.40c | 31.39 | 35.24d | |
螺虫乙酯Spirotetramat | 46.48 | 51.34c | 58.99 | 64.06d | 72.72 | 75.81d | 39.94 | 50.93c | 29.07 | 33.05d | |
鱼藤酮Rotenone | 38.53 | 42.30d | 53.07 | 58.87de | 80.61 | 82.81bc | 86.06 | 88.61a | 81.29 | 82.34a | |
藜芦碱Veratrine | 27.94 | 32.36e | 36.82 | 44.63g | 61.99 | 66.30e | 71.14 | 76.42b | 67.47 | 69.29b | |
苦参碱Matrine | 29.14 | 33.48de | 47.45 | 53.94ef | 75.76 | 78.51cd | 85.90 | 88.48a | 83.02 | 83.98a | |
乙基多杀菌素Spinetoram | 67.06 | 70.60b | 78.13 | 80.83b | 91.60 | 92.55a | 88.56 | 90.66a | 83.21 | 84.15a | |
阿维菌素Avermectin | 53.44 | 56.29c | 65.96 | 70.08c | 81.58 | 83.67b | 86.69 | 89.13a | 82.94 | 83.90a | |
球孢白僵菌B. bassiana | 32.60 | 36.73de | 44.05 | 50.97f | 65.37 | 69.30e | 69.04 | 74.71b | 56.34 | 58.79c | |
金龟子绿僵菌M. anisopliae | 29.94 | 34.23de | 44.31 | 51.19f | 71.21 | 74.47d | 75.92 | 80.33b | 54.52 | 57.07c | |
3 | 清水Water | -17.04 | - | -19.98 | - | -22.96 | - | -16.96 | - | -8.30 | - |
吡虫啉Imidacloprid | 68.78 | 73.33ab | 85.54 | 87.95a | 85.78 | 88.44ab | 52.74 | 59.59e | 19.61 | 25.77e | |
高效氯氰菊酯β-cypermethrin | 70.35 | 74.66a | 83.33 | 86.11a | 84.34 | 87.27ab | 56.71 | 62.98de | 32.80 | 37.95d | |
螺虫乙酯Spirotetramat | 47.47 | 55.12cd | 56.17 | 63.47d | 74.04 | 78.89c | 46.54 | 54.29f | 29.23 | 34.65d | |
鱼藤酮Rotenone | 41.55 | 50.06d | 50.12 | 58.43e | 72.52 | 77.65c | 81.69 | 84.35a | 81.23 | 82.67a | |
藜芦碱Veratrine | 26.23 | 36.97e | 37.92 | 48.25f | 55.25 | 61.16e | 64.92 | 70.01bc | 67.84 | 70.31b | |
苦参碱Matrine | 29.65 | 39.90e | 54.18 | 61.81de | 63.25 | 70.11d | 69.37 | 73.81b | 81.58 | 83.00a | |
乙基多杀菌素Spinetoram | 61.06 | 66.73b | 71.94 | 76.61b | 87.23 | 89.62a | 87.25 | 89.10a | 84.16 | 85.38a | |
阿维菌素Avermectin | 51.13 | 58.24c | 61.46 | 67.88c | 80.88 | 84.45b | 87.51 | 89.32a | 86.09 | 87.16a | |
球孢白僵菌B. bassiana | 16.39 | 28.57f | 36.45 | 47.03fg | 54.58 | 63.06e | 60.00 | 65.80cd | 57.75 | 60.99c | |
金龟子绿僵菌M. anisopliae | 14.58 | 27.02f | 31.37 | 42.80f | 55.48 | 63.79e | 58.63 | 64.63de | 55.10 | 58.55c |
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