A study on quality of mixed silage of alfalfa and corn

Abstract

Abstract: To assess the best ratio for mixed silage of corn and alfalfa, they were mixed and ensiled in different proportions (0∶10,3∶7,5∶5,7∶3,10∶0 respectively) and after 30 days, the nutrition and fermentation quality of all treatments were determined and analyzed. 1) Compared with alfalfa silage, all three treatment improved fermentation quality and attained the goal of excellent silage. 2) CP (crude protein) and Ash (crude ash) contents of the 3∶7 treatment were significantly higher than corn but lower than alfalfa silage (P<0.05), NDF (neutral detergent fiber) and ADF (acid detergent fiber) contents were significantly lower than corn but higher than alfalfa silage (P<0.05). 3) pH values of the 5∶3 and 7∶3 treatments were significantly lower than that of alfalfa silage(P<0.05). Lactic acid contents of all three mixed treatments reached more than 60%, but the contents of acetic acid and propionic acid reduced, and produced little butyric acid compared with alfalfa silage. 4) The number of lactic acid bacteria on alfalfa silage increased to 10⁸ cfu/g FM after ensilling, while that on corn silage stayed the same before and after fermentation. Escherichia coli of mixed silage decreased significantly after ensilling. The mixed treatment modulated silage of high quality more easily, and the nutrition and fermentation quality of mixed silages were between corn and alfalfa silage. The fermentation quality of the 7∶3 treatment was the best.

CLC Number:

S816.33

WANG Lin, SUN Qi-zhong, ZHANG Hui-jie. A study on quality of mixed silage of alfalfa and corn[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2011, 20(4): 202-209.

References

[1] 梁小宇, 付茂忠, 王淮, 等. 成都市青贮玉米品种筛选研究[J]. 草业科学, 2009, 26(4): 79-82.
[2] 徐敏云, 李建国, 谢帆, 等. 不同施肥处理对青贮玉米生长和产量的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2010, 19(3): 245-250.
[3] 赵万庆, 岳尧海, 张志军. 青贮玉米栽培和发展前景的探讨[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2009, 30(3): 54-55.
[4] 王明利. 推动苜蓿产业发展、全面提升我国奶业[J]. 农业经济问题, 2010, 5: 22-26.
[5] 马春辉, 夏艳军, 韩军, 等. 不同青贮添加剂对紫花苜蓿青贮品质的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2010, 19(1): 128-133.
[6] 李向林, 万里强. 苜蓿青贮技术研究进展[J]. 草业学报, 2005, 14(2): 9-15.
[7] 戚志强, 玉永雄, 胡跃高, 等. 当前我国苜蓿产业发展的形势与任务[J]. 草业学报, 2008, 17(1): 23-26.
[8] 单贵莲, 薛世明, 徐柱, 等. 不同调制方法紫花苜蓿干燥特性及干草质量的研究[J]. 草业学报, 2008, 17(4): 56-60.
[9] 蔡敦江, 周兴民, 朱廉, 等. 苜蓿添加剂青贮、半干青贮与麦秸混贮的研究[J]. 草地学报, 1997, 5(2): 123-127.
[10] 郭望山,孟庆翔. 杜马斯燃烧法与凯氏法测定饲料含氮量的比较研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2006, 37(5): 464-468.
[11] 张丽英. 饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M]. 北京: 中国农业大学出版社, 2003: 46-75.
[12] McDonald D, Henderson A R. Determination of water-soluble carbohydrates in grass[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1964, 15: 395-398.
[13] Pauly T M, Lingv P. Effects of mechanical forage treatmentand surfactants on fermentation of grass silage[J]. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, 1999, 49: 1-9.
[14] Zhu Y, Nishino N, Kishida Y, et al. Ensiling characteristics and ruminal degradation of Italian ryegrass and lucerne silages treated with cell wall-degrading enzymes[J]. Science, 1999, 79(14): 1987-1992.
[15] Broderica G A, Kang J H. Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 1980, 33: 64-75.
[16] 许庆方. 贮藏期和添加绿汁发酵液对袋装苜蓿青贮的影响[J]. 草业科学, 2006, 14(2): 129-133.
[17] Selmer I. Enzymes as silage additives for grass clover mixtures[J]. Grass Forage Science, 1994, 49: 305-315.
[18] Fleig. Futterb gauffuterbereit[J]. Science of Swedish Univerity of Agriculture, 1938, (2): 1-8.
[19] 李向林, 张新跃, 唐一国, 等. 日粮中精料和牧草比例对舍饲山羊增重的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2008, 17(2): 43-47.
[20] 孙小龙, 周禾, 李平, 等. 苜蓿与玉米秸秆混贮研究[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(5): 86-92.
[21] 席兴军, 韩鲁佳, 原慎一郎, 等. 添加乳酸菌和纤维素酶对玉米秸秆青贮饲料品质的影响[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 2003, 8(2): 21-24.
[22] Shao T, Noriko O. Fermentation quality of forage oat (Avena sativa L.) silages treated with prefermented juices, sorbic acid, glucose and encapsulated-glucose[J]. Faculty of Agriculture, 2003, 47(2): 341-349.
[23] 郭旭生, 丁武蓉, 玉柱. 青贮饲料发酵品质评定体系及其新进展[J]. 中国草地学报, 2008, 30(4): 100-106.
[24] 张秀芬. 饲草饲料加工与贮藏[M]. 北京: 农业出版社, 1991.
[25] 张晓庆, 金艳梅, 孙启忠, 等. 添加剂对荨麻青贮发酵品质的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2010, 18(2): 291-196.
[26] 许庆方, 玉柱, 李志强, 等. 苜蓿、玉米青贮饲料有氧稳定性研究[J]. 草地学报, 2007, 15(6): 519-524.
[27] 刘贤, 韩鲁佳, 原慎一郎, 等. 不同添加剂对苜蓿青贮饲料品质的影响[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 2004, 9(3): 25-30.
[28] Kaiser E, Weib K, Krause R. Beurteilung skriterien fur die quality on grass silage[J]. Proceedings of the Society for Nutritional Physiology, 2000, (9): 94-101.
[29] 万里强, 李向林, 何峰, 等. 苜蓿含水量与添加剂组分浓度对青贮效果的影响研究[J]. 草业学报, 2007, 16(2): 40-45.
[30] Fairbairn R, Alli I, Baker B E. Proteolysis associated with the ensiling of chopped alfalfa[J]. Journal of Diary Science, 1998, 71(1): 152-158.
[31] 黄俊, 韩铭海, 陈小娥, 等. 新型微生物饲料添加剂的开发及应用效果研究[J].饲料工业, 2003, 24(3): 40.
[32] Lin C, Bolsen K K, Brent B E. Epiphytic lactic acid bacteria succession during the pre-ensiling and ensiling periods of alfalfa and corn[J]. Journal of Apply Bcteriology, 1992, 73: 375-385.
[33] Lin C, Bolsen K K, Brent B E, et al. Epiphytic microflora on alfalfa and whole-plant corn[J]. Journal of Diary Science, 1992, 75(9): 2484-2493.
[34] 蔡义民, 熊井清雄, 廖芷, 等. 乳酸菌剂对青贮饲料发酵品质的改善效果[J]. 中国农业科学, 1995, 28(2): 76-82.
[35] Lindgren S E, Axelsson L T, Mcfeeters R F. Anaerobic lactate degradation by Lactobacillus plantarum[J]. FEMS Microbiol Letters, 1990, 66: 209-214.
[36] Kung L, Ranjit K. The effect of Lactobacillus buchneri and other additives on the fermentation and aerobic stability of barley silage[J]. Journal of Diary Science, 2001, 84: 1149-1155.
[37] 张大伟, 陈林海, 朱海霞, 等. 青贮饲料中主要微生物对青贮品质的影响[J]. 饲料研究, 2007, 3: 65-68.
[38] Zummer E. Evaluating silage quality[EB/OL]. (2003-8-13)[2010-6-23]. http://www1. agric. gov. ab. ca/＄department/deptdocs. nsf/all/for4909.