Genetic diversity of ten Vicia unijuga populations by ISSR markers

doi:10.11686/cyxb2015547

Abstract

Abstract: Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to investigate the genetic diversity within and among ten natural populations of Vicia unijuga. Ten ISSR primers generated 115 discernible DNA bands, of which 110 (95.65%) were polymorphic. On average each primer produced 11.5 bands, including 11 polymorphic bands. At the species level, high genetic diversity was detected-PPB (percentage of polymorphic loci): 95.65%; Nm (gene flow): 0.4553; Gst (genetic differentiation coefficient): 0.5283; Hs (gene diversity in subdivided populations): 0.2632. However, relatively low genetic diversity existed within populations; the percentage of polymorphic loci rate ranged from 24.35% to 48.70%. A relatively high level of genetic differentiation among populations was revealed by Shannon’s information measure (0.4046) and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA, 0.5051). The results showed that the ten populations of V. unijuga had high genetic diversity, but among the populations a certain degree of genetic differentiation had occurred: the genetic differentiation among populations was higher than within populations. The results suggest that environmental pressure has a selective relationship with genetic diversity. Low environmental pressure in Yantai and high environmental pressure in Hezuo regions were associated with high levels of genetic diversity, but in the medium pressure regions there was low genetic diversity. This study suggests an important relationship between V. unijuga genetic evolution and the environment and can also be used as a reference for working with genetic resources and breeding.

CHEN Hui, YANG Hui, QIANG Wei-Ya. Genetic diversity of ten Vicia unijuga populations by ISSR markers[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2016, 25(9): 96-103.

References

[1] Booy G, Hendriks R J J, Smulders M J M, et al . Genetic diversity and the survival of populations. Plant Biology, 2000, 2(4): 379-395.
[2] Reed D H, Briscoe D A, Frankham R. Inbreeding and extinction: The effect of environmental stress and lineage. Conservation Genetics, 2002, 3(3): 301-307.
[3] Kahilainen A, Puurtinen M, Kotiaho J S. Conservation implications of species-genetic diversity correlations. Global Ecology & Conservation, 2014, 2: 315-323.
[4] Zhang C Q, Gu M. A superior quality wild forage species in Guizhou- Vicia unijuga . Guizhou Agricultural Sciences, 1998, 26(3): 63.
[5] Shen Z W, Nan Z B. Reproductive allocation and reproductive yield of Vicia unijuga at Gannan Tibetan region. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2015, 24(4): 132-139.
[6] Han Y, Qiang W Y. Using SMART technology build Vicia unijuga full length cDNA library. Pratacultural Science, 2014, 31(1): 83-88.
[7] Qiang W Y, Cai L H, Han Y, et al . Changes of endogenous hormones in the stress-response of alpine plant Vicia unijuga A. Br. to enhanced UV-B radiation. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2013, 33(11): 2241-2248.
[8] Qiang H P, Yu G H, Liu H Q, et al . Genetic diversity and population structure of Chinese and American alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L) germplasm assessed by SSR markers. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2014, 47(14): 2853-2862.
[9] Navascués M, Emerson B C. Natural recovery of genetic diversity by gene flow in reforested areas of the endemic Canary Island pine, Pinus canariensis . Forest Ecology & Management, 2008, 244(1-3): 122-128.
[10] Sivakumar T, Hayashida K, Sugimoto C, et al . Evolution and genetic diversity of Theileria . Infection Genetics & Evolution, 2014, 27: 250-263.
[11] Zietkiewicz E, Rafalski A, Labuda D. Genome fingerprinting by simple sequence repeat (SSR) anchored polymerase chain reaction amplification. Genomics, 1994, 20: 176.
[12] Wang J B. ISSR markers and their applications in plant genetics. Hereditas, 2002, 24(5): 613-616.
[13] Hao G, Lee D H, Lee J S, et al . A study of taxonomical relationships among species of Korean Allium sect. Saccu-life rum ( Alliaceae ) and related species using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica, 2002, 43: 63-68.
[14] Panaud O, Chen X, Mccouch S R. Development of microsatellite markers and characterization of simple sequence length polymorphism (SSLP) in rice ( Oryza sativa L.). Molecular & general genetics: MGG, 1996, 252(5): 597-607.
[15] Liu H, Mu P, Zhao G Q. A study on genetic diversity of Avena germplasm resources detected by ISSR. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2012, 21(4): 116-124.
[16] Li X P, Guo S, Xiong J F, et al . Genetic diversity of the endangered Handeliodendron bodinieri in Guangxi Province by ISSR and SRAP analysis. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2015, 42(2): 386-394.
[17] Dong Y, Dong K, Tang L, et al . Relationship between rhizosphere microbial community functional diversity and faba bean fusarium wilt occurrence in wheat and faba bean intercropping system. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2013, 33(23): 7445-7454.
[18] Lin L, Hu Z Y, Ni S, et al . Genetic diversity of Camellia japonica (Theaceae), a species endangered to East Asia, detected by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR). Biochemical Systematics & Ecology, 2013, 50(2): 199-206.
[19] Jabbarzadeh Z, Khosh-Khui M, Salehi H, et al . Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers as reproducible and specific tools for genetic diversity analysis of rose species. African Journal of Biotechnology, 2010, 9(37): 6091-6095.
[20] Volkov Y G, Kakareka N N, Kozlovskaya Z N, et al . New strain of Vicia unijuga mosaic virus revealed in the Amur oblast. Russian Agricultural Sciences, 2009, 35(1): 32-36.
[21] Frankham, Richard. Relationship of genetic variation to population size in wildlife. Conservation Biology, 1996, 10(6): 1500-1508.
[22] Frankham. Do island populations have less genetic variation than mainland populations. Heredity, 1997, 78: 311-327.
[23] Brook B W, Tonkyn D W, O’grady J J, et al . Contribution of inbreeding to extinction risk in threatened species. Ecology & Society, 2002, 6(1): 840-842.
[24] Ellstrand N C, Elam D R. Population genetic consequences of small population size: implication for plant conservation. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 1993, 24: 217-242.
[25] Silva-Montellano A, Eguiarte L E. Geographic patterns in the reproductive ecology of Agave lechuguilla in the Chihua-huan Desert. II. Genetic variation, differentiation and in-breeding estimates. American Journal of Botany, 2003, 90: 700-706.
[26] Lu J Y, Yang X M, Ma R J. Genetic diversity of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Edge clonal plants Polygonum viviparum by RAPD. Journal of Northwest Normal University: Natural Science, 2008, 44: 66-72.
[27] Ellstr N C, Roose M L. Patterns of genotypic diversity in clonal plant species. American Journal of Botany, 1987, 62(2): 207-216.
[28] Kimura M. Evolutionary rate at the molecular level. Nature, 1968, 217: 624-626.
[29] Takahata N. Neutral theory of molecular evolution. Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, 1996, 6(6): 767-772.
[30] Levins R. Evolution in Changing Environments[M]. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1968: 120.
[31] Nevo E. Evolution of genome-phenome diversity under environmental stress. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2001, 98(11): 6233-6240.
[4] 张川黔, 顾明. 贵州优良野生牧草——歪头菜. 贵州农业科学, 1998, 26(3): 63.
[5] 沈紫微, 南志标. 甘南地区歪头菜的选择性败育及结实格局. 草业学报, 2015, 24(4): 132-139.
[6] 韩瑜, 强维亚. 利用SMART技术构建歪头菜叶片全长cDNA文库. 草业科学, 2014, 31(1): 83-88.
[7] 强维亚, 蔡龙华, 韩瑜, 等. 增强UV-B辐射对高山植物歪头菜生长及内源激素变化的影响. 西北植物学报, 2013, 33(11): 2241-2248.
[8] 强海平, 余国辉, 刘海泉, 等. 基于SSR标记的中美紫花苜蓿品种遗传多样性研究. 中国农业科学, 2014, 47(14): 2853-2862.
[12] 王建波. ISSR分子标记及其在植物遗传学研究中的应用. 遗传, 2002, 24(5): 613-616.
[15] 刘欢, 慕平, 赵桂琴. 燕麦种质资源遗传多样性ISSR研究. 草业学报, 2012, 21(4): 116-124.
[16] 李雪萍, 郭松, 熊俊飞, 等. 广西野生濒危植物掌叶木遗传多样性的ISSR与SRAP分析. 园艺学报, 2015, 42(2): 386-394.
[26] 陆建英, 杨晓明, 马瑞君. 青藏高原东缘克隆植物珠芽蓼的RAPD遗传多样性研究. 西北师范大学学报: 自然科学版, 2008, 44: 66-72.