Effect of nitrogen treatments on growth of the invasive plant Xanthium strumarium, the native plant Xanthium sibiricum, and their reciprocal crosses

doi:10.11686/cyxb2016217

Abstract

Abstract: The effect of soil nutrients on the invasion of alien plants is a hot topic in invasion biology research, but few studies have focused on the effects of soil nutrients on the characteristics of reciprocally crossing plants. In this study, we analyzed the differences in biomass accumulation and distribution, growth characteristics, and photosynthetic characteristics of the invasive plant Xanthium strumarium, the native plant Xanthium sibiricum, and their reciprocal crosses (Xst♀×Xsi♂ and Xsi♀×Xst♂) under different nitrogen treatments, to explore the relationship between invasion and soil nutrient status. The stem diameter, total leaf area, total biomass, root biomass, root biomass ratio, and root mass/crown mass ratio of X. strumarium, X. sibiricum, and their reciprocal crosses (Xst♀×Xsi♂) increased significantly (P<0.05) and the leaf area to root mass ratio decreased significantly (P<0.05) with increasing nitrogen levels in the soil. The net assimilation rate of X. strumarium was significantly higher than that of X. sibiricum (P<0.05), but its specific leaf area was significantly lower than that of X. sibiricum (P<0.05). The relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, and mean leaf area ratio were higher in the male progeny than in the female progeny (P<0.05), and the biomass index and growth index were higher in Xst♀×Xsi♂ plants than in Xsi♀ × Xst♂ plants. We concluded that: 1) when nutrients are limited, X. strumarium distributes more biomass to the root, possibly as an ecological strategy to adapt to nutrient-heterogenous environments during invasion. 2) Compared with the hybrid progenies of X. sibiricum, those of X. strumarium show stronger growth and increased reproductive ability, which are properties that will further strengthen their invasiveness.

CLC Number:

syau_qb@163.com

XUN Zhi-Feng, BAI Long, QU Bo, XU Yu-Feng, LI Guang-Hai, ZHAN Zhong-Lang, SHI Jiu-Yao. Effect of nitrogen treatments on growth of the invasive plant Xanthium strumarium, the native plant Xanthium sibiricum, and their reciprocal crosses[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2017, 26(5): 51-61.

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