Growth dynamics and optimum harvest period of the forage grass Yucao No.5

doi:10.11686/cyxb2017269

Abstract

Abstract: Yucao No.5 (Tripsazea creammaize) is a new type of perennial forage grass that combines the desirable characteristics of maize, Zea perennis and Tripsacum dactyloides, such as luxuriant growth, a well-developed root system, numerous tillers, and good plant regeneration. To understand the growth dynamics of Yucao No.5 and determine the best harvest time, we investigated the growth rate, the fresh and dry matter accumulation and distribution at different stages, and the nutrient values in a field experiment. The results showed that some growth dynamics [plant height, tiller number, fresh (dry) matter yield, stem:leaf ratio] of Yucao No.5 fitted a logistic model. From the tillering to initial tasseling stages, the yield and stem:leaf ratio gradually increased, while the moisture content and nutrient value gradually decreased. At this stage, the fresh and hay yields of Yucao No.5 were 96.607 and 14.768 t·ha^-1, respectively, while crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude ash (CA), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and relative feeding value (RFV) were 11.37%, 2.87%, 7.95%, 52.01%, 31.53%, and 115.90%, respectively. At the silking stage, the yields of hay and CP remained high and the moisture content was relatively low. To obtain greater biomass, nutritive value, and regeneration capacity, Yucao No.5 should be harvested as a green feed at the initial tasseling stage, and harvested to produce silage at the tasseling stage. Yucao No.5 production was evaluated at three sites in Sichuan, Southwest China. The fresh yields with one cutting in the first year ranged from 77.758 and 89.207 t·ha^-1, and the total fresh yield of three cuttings at Daan village was 109.411 t·ha^-1 in the second year. The results of these field trials show that the new perennial forage grass Yucao No.5 has high yields and good quality, and is suitable for cultivation in the southwest and in the “forage-livestock” region in southern China. This forage grass has great potential for production and broad application prospects.

Key words: Yucao No.5, growth dynamics, nutrient value, harvest time

LI Hua-xiong, JIANG Wei-ming, WU Zi-zhou, LI Ying-zheng, CHENG Ming-jun, YANG Shi-peng, SUN Ru-long, YAN Xu, ZHANG Hong-fen, YANG Min, RONG Ting-zhao, ZHOU Shu-feng, WU Yuan-qi, CAO Mo-ju, TANG Qi-lin. Growth dynamics and optimum harvest period of the forage grass Yucao No.5[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(6): 34-42.

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