试验增温和放牧对门源草原毛虫生长发育的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2015010

草业学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1): 268-272.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2015010

试验增温和放牧对门源草原毛虫生长发育的影响

曹慧^{1, 2}, 朱文琰^{1, 3}, 赵新全^1*

1.中国科学院高原生物适应与进化重点实验室,青海西宁810008;
2.河南科技大学动物科技学院,河南洛阳 471003;
3.河南科技大学林学院,河南洛阳 471003

收稿日期:2015-01-08 出版日期:2016-01-20 发布日期:2016-01-20
通讯作者: *通信作者Corresponding author. E-mail: zhaoxq@cib.ac.cn
作者简介:曹慧(1984-),女,内蒙古包头人,在读博士。E-mail: caohui349425@163.com
基金资助:
中国科学院战略重点研究项目(XDA05070200,XDB03030403)资助

Effects of warming and grazing on growth and development of the grassland caterpillar (Gynaephora menyuanensis)

CAO Hui^{1, 2}, ZHU Wen-Yan^{1, 3}, ZHAO Xin-Quan^{1, *}

1.Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China;
2.College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China;
3.Forestry College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China

Received:2015-01-08 Online:2016-01-20 Published:2016-01-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 青藏高原是全球气候变暖的敏感区域之一,门源草原毛虫作为青藏高原东北部高寒草甸的主要害虫之一,虫害爆发时造成牧草短缺,引发家畜口膜炎甚至死亡。因此,未来持续增温情况下,门源草原毛虫的表现对当地畜牧业生产安全至关重要。通过野外控制试验,探讨增温(日增温1.2℃/夜增温1.7℃)和放牧对草原毛虫生长发育的影响。结果表明,放牧显著提高了幼虫生长速率和蛹重,雌蛹增重比率约为雄蛹的2倍。增温显著缩短了草原毛虫幼虫期(雌性幼虫4.4 d、雄性幼虫7.0 d)和蛹期(雌蛹3.6 d、雄蛹4.6 d),而且引发雄性先熟,即雄成虫羽化时间较雌成虫早5.0 d。增温放牧处理下,草原毛虫的生长速率提高9%、雌蛹增重26%。可见,未来持续增温的高寒草甸牧场,门源草原毛虫适合度升高,对当地草场和家畜的威胁加大,需加强害虫的监控和防治力度。

Abstract: The grassland caterpillar (Gynaephora menyuanensis) is an endemic pest in the northern Tibetan Plateau, which is a very susceptible region to global climate warming. Understanding how G. menyuanensis might respond to future warming under grazing conditions is critical to the sustainability of livestock husbandry in alpine meadows. We investigated the effects of diurnally asymmetrical warming (day/night 1.2/1.7℃) and grazing on the growth and development of G. menyuanensis in a Tibetan Plateau alpine meadow. Grazing significantly increased larval growth rate and pupal weight. The increase in female pupal weight was about two times greater than the increase in male pupal weight. Warming significantly accelerated larval pupation (female: 4.4 d; male: 7.0 d) and adult emergence (female: 3.6 d; male: 4.6 d). Male emergence under warming was significantly earlier (5.0 d) than female emergence. Combining the warming and grazing treatment, the larval growth rate and female pupal weight dramatically increased by 9% and 26%, respectively. The results of this study suggest that the fitness of G. menyuanensis may increase under future warming and moderate grazing conditions, posing a greater risk to the health of alpine meadows and livestock.

曹慧, 朱文琰, 赵新全. 试验增温和放牧对门源草原毛虫生长发育的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2016, 25(1): 268-272.

CAO Hui, ZHU Wen-Yan, ZHAO Xin-Quan. Effects of warming and grazing on growth and development of the grassland caterpillar (Gynaephora menyuanensis)[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2016, 25(1): 268-272.

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试验增温和放牧对门源草原毛虫生长发育的影响

Effects of warming and grazing on growth and development of the grassland caterpillar (Gynaephora menyuanensis)

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