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草业学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1): 108-116.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2015087

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

火烧对黄土高原典型草原地上植被和繁殖更新的影响

赵凌平1, 2, 白欣1, 王占彬1, 2, 程积民3, 谭世图1, 王清义1, 2*   

  1. 1.河南科技大学动物科技学院,河南 洛阳 471003;
    2.河南省饲草饲料资源开发与畜禽健康养殖院士工作站,河南 洛阳 471003;
    3.中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌712100
  • 收稿日期:2015-02-20 出版日期:2016-01-20 发布日期:2016-01-20
  • 通讯作者: *通信作者Corresponding author. E-mail: wangqingyi-xc@163.com
  • 作者简介:赵凌平(1983-),女,河南漯河人,讲师,博士。E-mail:zlp19830629@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学青年基金项目(31302013),河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(13A2302812013)和河南科技大学博士启动基金项目(09001634)资助

Effects of fire on above-ground vegetation and offspring recruitment in a semiarid steppe on the Loess Plateau

ZHAO Ling-Ping1, 2, BAI Xin1, WANG Zhan-Bin1, 2, CHENG Ji-Min3, TAN Shi-Tu1, WANG Qing-Yi1, 2, *   

  1. 1.Animal Science and Technology School, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China;
    2. Forage Resources Exploration and Aninal Health Cultivation Academician Workstation of Henan Province, Luoyang 471003, China;
    3. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China
  • Received:2015-02-20 Online:2016-01-20 Published:2016-01-20

摘要: 火烧影响着草地植物种群的繁殖策略和形成过程,控制着群落的组成、外貌特征、动态变化和演替进程。本文通过对比黄土高原典型草原未火烧区和火烧区火后第一年地上植被特征、群落结构、物种组成和繁殖更新,探讨了黄土高原典型草原地上植被和繁殖更新对火烧的响应机制。结果表明,火烧显著降低了群落盖度、枯落物厚度与生物量,显著提高了群落的密度。火烧对物种丰富度影响不显著,却显著降低了4个物种多样性指数(Margalef指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数和Pielou指数)。火烧干扰明显改变了植物群落结构和物种组成。火烧显著提高了草地的繁殖更新密度和无性繁殖密度,而对有性繁殖密度和草地繁殖更新的物种丰富度影响不显著。火烧显著提高根茎型和分蘖型植物的密度,而对根蘖型、分枝型和匍匐型植物密度影响不显著。黄土高原典型草原是以多年生克隆植物为主的草原生态系统,地上植被的繁殖更新更依赖于无性繁殖。植物繁殖更新贡献高低与火烧无关,而与草地群落物种组成相关。

Abstract: There is an increased understanding of the role of fire in population dynamics, plant community structure and succession. However, few studies have examined the mechanism of the effect of fire on plant community structure and offspring recruitment. This study explored the short term responses of perennial grassland vegetation and offspring recruitment following fire on the Loess Plateau. The results showed that fire significantly reduced total cover, species diversity, litter thickness and litter biomass, and significantly increased community density; however it did not alter species richness. Fire exerted important effects on plant community structure and species composition in the short-term. Fire significantly increased asexual recruitment by clonal ramification, but had no effect on sexual recruitment through increased seedling numbers. Burnt grassland had a significantly higher density in tiller and rhizome offspring recruitment number than the unburnt grassland, however, recruitment from root suckers, branches and stolons did not differ significantly between the treatments. Our results indicate that asexual recruitment contributed more to vegetation regeneration of the perennial-steppe community than seedling recruitment. Lack of sexual recruitment is not related to fire management but to species composition.