玉米秸秆与废弃白菜的混贮品质及乳酸菌多样性研究

doi:10.11686/cyxb2015095

草业学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1): 197-206.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2015095

玉米秸秆与废弃白菜的混贮品质及乳酸菌多样性研究

任海伟^{1, 2, 3}, 赵拓², 李金平^{1, 3*}, 李雪雁², 徐娜², 王永刚², 王晓力⁴, 高晓航²

1.兰州理工大学西部能源与环境研究中心,甘肃兰州 730050;
2.兰州理工大学生命科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州 730050;
3.西北低碳城镇支撑技术协同创新中心,甘肃兰州 730050;
4.中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所,甘肃兰州 730050

收稿日期:2015-02-20 出版日期:2016-01-20 发布日期:2016-01-20
通讯作者: *通信作者Corresponding author. E-mail:lijinping77@163.com
作者简介:任海伟(1983-),男,山西孝义人,副教授。 E-mail:rhw52571119@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51366009),国家高技术研究发展计划(863)(2014AA052801),甘肃省自然科学基金(145RJZA064),兰州市人才创新创业专项(2014-2-20)和兰州理工大学“红柳青年教师培养计划”(Q201207)资助

Quality and lactic acid bacteria of mixed corn stalk and cabbage waste silage

REN Hai-Wei^{1, 2, 3}, ZHAO Tuo², LI Jin-Ping^{1, 3, *}, LI Xue-Yan², XU Na², WANG Yong-Gang², WANG Xiao-Li⁴, GAO Xiao-Hang²

1.Western China Energy & Environment Research Center, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China;
2. School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China;
3.China Northwestern Collaborative Innovation Center of Low-carbon Urbanization Technologies, Lanzhou 730050, China;
4. Animal and Veterinary Pharmaceutics Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China

Received:2015-02-20 Online:2016-01-20 Published:2016-01-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究玉米秸秆和废弃白菜混合青贮可行性,考查二者在不同质量比时的混贮品质,设计了6个不同的混贮比例,分别为29∶19,27∶21,25∶23,23∶25,21∶27和19∶29。混合青贮30 d后对其化学组分和发酵品质进行分析,筛选品质最佳的混贮比例,并进一步研究了品质最佳混贮组的乳酸菌多样性。结果表明,质量比为21∶27的混贮5(ME₅)组的pH和氨态氮/总氮显著低于其余混贮组(P<0.05),乳酸含量显著高于其余混贮组(P<0.05)。ME₅组的干物质和能源组分综纤维素含量较高,而酸性洗涤木质素含量较低,综合判定该组的混贮品质优于其他5组。乳酸菌多样性结果显示,从ME₅组中共分离出10株乳酸菌,分属于3个属,4个种。3个属分别是乳杆菌属、肠球菌属和明串珠菌属。4个种分别是2株短乳杆菌、1株屎肠球菌、5株肠膜明串珠菌肠膜亚种和2株植物乳杆菌,其中同型发酵乳酸菌乳杆菌属和肠球菌属为该青贮体系的关键乳酸菌。

Abstract: Silage made with a mixture of corn stalk (CS) and cabbage waste (CW) were mixed and ensilaged at different ratios, 29∶19 (ME₁), 27∶21 (ME₂), 25∶23 (ME₃), 23∶25 (ME₄), 21∶27 (ME₅) and 19∶29 (ME₆), respectively. The chemical composition and fermentation traits were measured after 30 days (d) to identify the optimal ratio of corn stalk and cabbage waste and the diversity of lactic acid bacteria in each mixture. The pH and the ratio of ammonia nitrogen to total nitrogen (AN/TN) of the ME₅ silage was significantly lower than the other mixes (P<0.05). The lactic acid content (LA) of ME₅ was significantly higher than the other mixes (P<0.05) whereas the ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen ratio (AN/TN) of ME₅ was significantly lower than other mixes. Analysis of lactic acid bacteria showed that a total of 10 lactic acid bacteria strains were isolated from the ME₅ group, belonging to three different genera; Lactobacillus, Enterococcus and Leuconostoc. Two strains of Lactobacillus brevis, one strain of Enterococcus faecium, five strains of Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides and two strains of Lactobacillus plantarum were identified. Among these isolates, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus were homofermentative lactic bacteria, which are able to produce more lactic acid than heterofermentative lactic bacteria. Lactobacillus and Enterococcus played a key role in the fermentation of these silages. In conclusion, mixed silages of CS and CW were found to be feasible with an optimum ratio of 21∶27 respectively.

任海伟, 赵拓, 李金平, 李雪雁, 徐娜, 王永刚, 王晓力, 高晓航. 玉米秸秆与废弃白菜的混贮品质及乳酸菌多样性研究[J]. 草业学报, 2016, 25(1): 197-206.

REN Hai-Wei, ZHAO Tuo, LI Jin-Ping, LI Xue-Yan, XU Na, WANG Yong-Gang, WANG Xiao-Li, GAO Xiao-Hang. Quality and lactic acid bacteria of mixed corn stalk and cabbage waste silage[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2016, 25(1): 197-206.

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玉米秸秆与废弃白菜的混贮品质及乳酸菌多样性研究

Quality and lactic acid bacteria of mixed corn stalk and cabbage waste silage

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