围封对内蒙古典型草原群落特征及土壤性状的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2015334

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 围封作为退化草原恢复与重建的重要措施之一,已被广泛应用于我国草原生态恢复工程中。为科学评价围封对退化草原的恢复效果,在内蒙古典型草原,选择围封及其对应的围栏外自由放牧草原,采用野外样方调查与室内分析相结合的方法,分析了围封对群落植物种组成、功能群组成、物种多样性、地上生物量及土壤有机碳和全氮的影响。结果表明,围封处理中植物种类(22种)多于自由放牧处理(17种),群落多样性指数(H)、丰富度指数(Pa)、均匀度指数(JP)和地上生物量在围封和自由放牧处理间无显著差异(P>0.05)。灌木、半灌木和多年生杂类草的重要值、物种所占比例、地上生物量和3种多样性指数(H、Pa和JP)在围封处理中显著大于自由放牧处理(P<0.05);多年生禾草仅地上生物量在围封处理中高于自由放牧(P<0.05);一、二年生草本的重要值、物种所占比例、地上生物量和3种多样性指数在围封处理中显著小于自由放牧处理(P<0.05)。生态类型功能群物种所占比例和地上生物量在围封和自由放牧处理间无显著差异(P>0.05)。土壤有机碳和全氮含量在两种处理间未达到显著差异(P>0.05),但都随土层深度的增加呈现显著下降的趋势(P<0.05),围封处理下降幅度小于自由放牧处理。

Abstract: Fencing is one of the important means of restoration and reconstruction of degraded grassland, and has been widely used in grassland ecological restoration programs in China. This study monitored fenced and free-grazed grassland plots, to evaluate the impacts of fencing on community plant species composition, composition of functional groups, species diversity, aboveground biomass, soil organic carbon (C) and total nitrogen (N) contents of degraded grassland. The plant species number in fenced plots (22 species) was greater than that in free-grazed plots (17 species). Community diversity (H), richness (Pa), evenness (JP) indices and aboveground biomass did not differ significantly between fenced and free-grazed plots (P>0.05). Importance value (IV), percentage, aboveground biomass,H,Pa and JP indices of shrubs, semi-shrubs (SS) and perennial forbs (PF) in fenced plots were higher than those in free-grazed plots (P<0.05). Aboveground biomass of perennial grasses (PG) was higher in fenced plots than in free-grazed plots (P<0.05). Importance value (IV), percentage, aboveground biomass,H,Pa and JP indices of annual or biennial herbs (AB) were lower in fenced plots than in free-grazed plots (P<0.05). The percentage and aboveground biomass of ecological functional groups did not differ significantly between fenced plots and free-grazed plots (P>0.05). Soil organic C and total N content were not significantly different between fenced plots and free-grazed plots (P>0.05). The soil organic C and total N contents decreased significantly (P<0.05) with increasing soil depth, but the rate of decrease with depth was less in fenced plots than in free-grazed plots.

杨勇, 刘爱军, 李兰花, 陈海军, 宋向阳, 王保林, 罗冬, 王明玖. 围封对内蒙古典型草原群落特征及土壤性状的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2016, 25(5): 21-29.

YANG Yong, LIU Ai-Jun, LI Lan-Hua, CHEN Hai-Jun, SONG Xiang-Yang, WANG Bao-Lin, LUO Dong, WANG Ming-Jiu. EffectsoffencingonvegetationcommunitycharacteristicsandsoilpropertiesofatypicalsteppeinInnerMongolia[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2016, 25(5): 21-29.

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