青藏高原高寒湿地温室气体释放对水位变化的响应

doi:10.11686/cyxb2016012

草业学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (8): 27-35.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2016012

青藏高原高寒湿地温室气体释放对水位变化的响应

王冬雪, 高永恒^*, 安小娟, 王瑞, 谢青琰

中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都 610041

收稿日期:2016-01-11 修回日期:2016-03-25 出版日期:2016-08-20 发布日期:2016-08-20
通讯作者: yhgao@imde.ac.cn
作者简介:王冬雪(1989-),女,吉林长春人,研究助理,硕士。E-mail: linhaimufeng1628@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究计划项目(2012CB417101)和国家自然科学基金项目(41271276)资助

Responses of greenhouse gas emissions to water table fluctuations in an alpine wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

WANG Dong-Xue, GAO Yong-Heng^*, AN Xiao-Juan, WANG Rui, XIE Qing-Yan

Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China

Received:2016-01-11 Revised:2016-03-25 Online:2016-08-20 Published:2016-08-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探究水位变化对青藏高原高寒湿地温室气体释放的影响,以高原东部若尔盖典型高寒湿地为研究对象,采用“中型实验生态系”的技术手段,研究了两种不同水位情形 [稳定水位(SW,0 cm)和波动水位(DW,从0 cm下降到45 cm,再复原到0 cm)] 对高寒湿地二氧化碳(CO₂)、甲烷(CH₄)和氧化亚氮(N₂O)三种温室气体释放的影响。结果表明,1)高寒湿地水位变化对土壤(0~10 cm)可溶性有机碳(DOC)没有显著影响;水位从0 cm下降到45 cm,再复原到0 cm,对铵态氮(NH4+-N)和硝态氮(NO3--N)的转化起到了促进作用;2)水位变化对高寒湿地CO₂释放影响不显著,SW和DW处理下CO₂累积释放量分别为235.2和209.7 g/m²;3)水位变化对CH₄释放有显著影响,CH₄累积释放量从SW处理的1.79 g/m²下降到DW处理的0.86 g/m²,下降了52.18%;4)水位波动处理抑制了N₂O的释放,其在SW和DW条件下的累积释放量分别是6.72和-7.36 mg/m²;5)高寒湿地土壤温度在10 ℃以上,CO₂和CH₄释放量与其呈显著正相关性,水位下降提高了CO₂和CH₄释放与温度的拟合度。

Abstract: A mesocosm experiment was conducted to study the effect of water table level on greenhouse gas (CO₂, CH₄, N₂O) emissions in alpine wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Two treatments were adopted; stable water table (SW; about 0 cm or at soil surface) and dynamic water table (DW; 0 cm reducing to 45 cm and returning to 0 cm). The results showed that alpine wetland water table changes had no significant effect on soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC), but promoted transformations of ammonium (NH4+-N) and nitrate (NO3--N). The cumulative emissions of CO₂ were 235.2 and 209.7 g/m² for SW and DW treatment, respectively but were not significantly different. However, there was a significant treatment difference on CH₄ emissions. Cumulative emission of CH₄ for DW (0.86 g/m²) decreased by 52.18%, compared with SW (1.79 g/m²). The cumulative emission of N₂O for SW (6.72 mg/m²) was significantly higher than that for DW (7.36 mg/m²). There was a positive correlation between CO₂/CH₄ release and soil temperature in the alpine wetland with soil temperatures below about 10 ℃. The drop in the water table increased the sensitivity of CO₂/CH₄ release to soil temperature. Models of the response of CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O emissions to water table changes were different in alpine wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

王冬雪, 高永恒, 安小娟, 王瑞, 谢青琰. 青藏高原高寒湿地温室气体释放对水位变化的响应[J]. 草业学报, 2016, 25(8): 27-35.

WANG Dong-Xue, GAO Yong-Heng, AN Xiao-Juan, WANG Rui, XIE Qing-Yan. Responses of greenhouse gas emissions to water table fluctuations in an alpine wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2016, 25(8): 27-35.

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青藏高原高寒湿地温室气体释放对水位变化的响应

Responses of greenhouse gas emissions to water table fluctuations in an alpine wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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