欢迎访问《草业学报》官方网站,今天是 分享到:

草业学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (8): 27-35.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2016012

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

青藏高原高寒湿地温室气体释放对水位变化的响应

王冬雪, 高永恒*, 安小娟, 王瑞, 谢青琰   

  1. 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川 成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2016-01-11 修回日期:2016-03-25 出版日期:2016-08-20 发布日期:2016-08-20
  • 通讯作者: yhgao@imde.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:王冬雪(1989-),女,吉林长春人,研究助理,硕士。E-mail: linhaimufeng1628@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点基础研究计划项目(2012CB417101)和国家自然科学基金项目(41271276)资助

Responses of greenhouse gas emissions to water table fluctuations in an alpine wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

WANG Dong-Xue, GAO Yong-Heng*, AN Xiao-Juan, WANG Rui, XIE Qing-Yan   

  1. Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2016-01-11 Revised:2016-03-25 Online:2016-08-20 Published:2016-08-20

摘要: 为了探究水位变化对青藏高原高寒湿地温室气体释放的影响,以高原东部若尔盖典型高寒湿地为研究对象,采用“中型实验生态系”的技术手段,研究了两种不同水位情形 [稳定水位(SW,0 cm)和波动水位(DW,从0 cm下降到45 cm,再复原到0 cm)] 对高寒湿地二氧化碳(CO2)、甲烷(CH4)和氧化亚氮(N2O)三种温室气体释放的影响。结果表明,1)高寒湿地水位变化对土壤(0~10 cm)可溶性有机碳(DOC)没有显著影响;水位从0 cm下降到45 cm,再复原到0 cm,对铵态氮(NH4+-N)和硝态氮(NO3--N)的转化起到了促进作用;2)水位变化对高寒湿地CO2释放影响不显著,SW和DW处理下CO2累积释放量分别为235.2和209.7 g/m2;3)水位变化对CH4释放有显著影响,CH4累积释放量从SW处理的1.79 g/m2下降到DW处理的0.86 g/m2,下降了52.18%;4)水位波动处理抑制了N2O的释放,其在SW和DW条件下的累积释放量分别是6.72和-7.36 mg/m2;5)高寒湿地土壤温度在10 ℃以上,CO2和CH4释放量与其呈显著正相关性,水位下降提高了CO2和CH4释放与温度的拟合度。

Abstract: A mesocosm experiment was conducted to study the effect of water table level on greenhouse gas (CO2, CH4, N2O) emissions in alpine wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Two treatments were adopted; stable water table (SW; about 0 cm or at soil surface) and dynamic water table (DW; 0 cm reducing to 45 cm and returning to 0 cm). The results showed that alpine wetland water table changes had no significant effect on soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC), but promoted transformations of ammonium (NH4+-N) and nitrate (NO3--N). The cumulative emissions of CO2 were 235.2 and 209.7 g/m2 for SW and DW treatment, respectively but were not significantly different. However, there was a significant treatment difference on CH4 emissions. Cumulative emission of CH4 for DW (0.86 g/m2) decreased by 52.18%, compared with SW (1.79 g/m2). The cumulative emission of N2O for SW (6.72 mg/m2) was significantly higher than that for DW (7.36 mg/m2). There was a positive correlation between CO2/CH4 release and soil temperature in the alpine wetland with soil temperatures below about 10 ℃. The drop in the water table increased the sensitivity of CO2/CH4 release to soil temperature. Models of the response of CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions to water table changes were different in alpine wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.