Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of short-term and long-term feeding with a high concentrate diet on glucose and lipid metabolism in the liver of lactating goats. Sixteen mid-lactating goats were randomly divided into three groups: one group was fed with a high concentrate diet for 4 weeks (HS; 65% concentrate diet, n=4); one group was fed with a high concentrate diet for 19 weeks (HL; 65% concentration diet, n=7); and the control group was fed with a low concentrate diet during the whole experimental period (LC; 35% concentrate diet, n=5). Compared with the LC group, the HS and HL groups showed significantly increased levels of plasma glucose and hepatic glycogen and markedly decreased triglyceride (TG) levels in plasma, but total cholesterol (Tch) in plasma showed no significant difference (P>0.05). The concentrations of hepatic TG and Tch were significantly increased in the HS group (P<0.05) but not in the HL group (P<0.05). Compared with the LC group, the HL group showed significantly upregulated transcript levels of the genes encoding pyruvic carboxylase and glucose transporter 2 in the liver (P<0.05). In the HS group, the transcript levels of genes encoding pyruvic carboxylase, sterol regulation element-binding protein-1, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, diacylgycerol acyltransferase, and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase in the liver were markedly increased, as was the protein level of phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase 2. The transcript levels of the gene encodingsterol regulation element-binding protein-2 tended to be higher (0.05<P<0.1), while those of the genes encoding carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase were markedly decreased in the HS group compared with the LC group (P<0.05). These results suggested that short-term feeding with a high concentrate diet enhances gluconeogenesis and promotes lipogenesis in the liver, while long-term feeding with high concentrate dietincreases gluconeogenesis, but does not affect lipid metabolism in the liver.